吉林省四平市三家子白钨矿矿床特征及成矿预测
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摘要
三家子白钨矿矿床是东北地区近年来发现的两个独立白钨矿矿床之一,具有重要的理论研究和实际找矿意义。本文在阐述成矿地质背景和区域控矿地质条件基础上,对矿体特征、矿石的矿物组成与组构、白钨矿赋存状态、围岩蚀变、成矿期次等矿床地质特征进行了系统研究;结合成矿花岗质岩石、脉岩、矿石的微量元素和稀土元素分析,并与国内同类矿床对比,认为三家子白钨矿矿床成因属矽卡岩型。通过对该区主要控矿因素和成矿规律全面分析,以及现有物化探资料的重新处理和二次开发,提取研究区与钨矿有关的地质、地球物理、地球化学信息,建立找矿标志,经综合分析,对三家子白钨矿矿区及外围进行了远景预测,圈定出矿区西北部和外围铁汞山两个预测区。论文在提高该矿床研究程度的同时,明确了该区的进一步找矿方向。
The Sanjiazi scheelite deposit is located in the southern Daheishan-uplift of the Changbaishan uplift, which belongs to the eastern active margin of Eurasia plate. The southeast to studied area is Sino-Korea plate and northwest is Songliao rift. The major structures extend in NE-NNE direction. The Daheishan-uplift is bounded by two deep faults, Siping-Dehui and Yilan-Yitong.
Palaeozoic rock series are metamorphism marine volcanic-sedimentary rock, locates in the uplift area. According to rock assembles and degree of metamorphism, the Palaeozoic strata can be classified as Cambrian Xiaodingshan formation, Ordovician Xibaoan and Shifeng formation, Devonian Xujiatun Carbonic Mopanshan and Permian Chengjiatun formations, Among them, Xujiatun group and Mopanshan formations maily composed of metamorphic volcanic rock and marble, have a close relationship with the scheelite mineralization.
The studied area saw many magmatic activities from Caledonian orogeny to Yanshanian period. Intrusion with various size occur in the south of Daheishan-uplift with NE, taking up over 50% in whole area. The middle-late Jurassic intrusion rock is much more than others, present a simple ring in spatial. Many mineralization and mines are distributed around the contact belt between intrusions and . The studied area locates nearby this contact belt which is porphyritic-like monzonitic granite, fine-medium-grain monzonitic granite and the upper Devonian Xujiatun marble.
The dominant structures of Sanjiazi scheelite deposit are contact belt structure and faults. The contact belt show itself between upper Devonian Xujiatun marble and middle-late Jurassic porphyritic-like monzonitic granite, fine-medium-grain monzonitic granite. The NE faults controlls not only intrusions, ore bodies as well as such dykes as granite aplite and diorite-porhyrite.
Among 14 verified orebodies explored, they are laminated each other. The biggest orebody, in Sanjiazi mine, is long 500m, wide 160m and thick 4-29m, strike is NE(50°-70°),trending is SE and inclination is 10°-15°. There is often branch-complex in both profile and planum of orebody. The average grade of orebody is 0.276%.
Metal minerals are composed of pyrite, scheelite, tungsten, bismuthinite, molybdenite, chalcopyrite, limonite and little pyrrhotite, automorphic-xenomorphic granular texture, metasomatic relict texture, remnant texture, skeletal texture, inclusion texture. Dissemination structure is main structure and rare stockwork. Scheelite and some tungsten make uo of the wolframium.
Wall-rock alterations mainly include skarnization, feldsparation, hornatonation, silicification, chlorite, carbonation and some pyritization, galenation, blendenation, molybdenum and bismuth mineralization. The skarnization and silicification are contact with scheelite in temporal and spatial variation.
Based on ore-forming geological factors, geological characters of deposit, trace element and REE, we can draw a conclusion that the major ore-forming materials come from middle-late Jurassic porphyritic-like monzonitic granite, fine-medium-grain monzonitic granite. Studies on geological and geochemical characters of the Sanjiazi scheelite deposit, together with the compareing of it with other main scheelite deposits, indicate that this deposit belongs to the skarn-type deposit.
Studies of the geologic setting, geological characters and genesis of Sanjiazi scheelite deposit and geophysical and geochemical data in this area can give us such ore-finding clues as following.①geology information: the skarn belt is the main place of scheelite, middle-late Jurassic porphyritic-like monzonitic granite and fine-medium-grain monzonitic granite play the important intrusion conditions. NE and NW structure control the intrusion rock, and the primary tectonite of rock locating the scheelite orebody.②geochemical information: there are W and Mo anomaly area according to the soil surveying.③geophysical information: the induced polarization intermediate gradient surveying indicate that is the relative low-resistance and high-polarization anomaly area.
According to studying on the ore-forming factors, geophysics, geochemistry and character of alteration, two potential metallogenetic areas are discussed. One is in the southwestern Sanjiazi mine, the other is locted in the Tiegongshan. These two areas have favourable ore-finding potentials and are worth further exploring.
The Sanjiazi scheelite deposit is located in the southern Daheishan-uplift of the Changbaishan uplift, which belongs to the eastern active margin of Eurasia plate. The southeast to studied area is Sino-Korea plate and northwest is Songliao rift. The major structures extend in NE-NNE direction. The Daheishan-uplift is bounded by two deep faults, Siping-Dehui and Yilan-Yitong.
Palaeozoic rock series are metamorphism marine volcanic-sedimentary rock, locates in the uplift area. According to rock assembles and degree of metamorphism, the Palaeozoic strata can be classified as Cambrian Xiaodingshan formation, Ordovician Xibaoan and Shifeng formation, Devonian Xujiatun Carbonic Mopanshan and Permian Chengjiatun formations, Among them, Xujiatun group and Mopanshan formations maily composed of metamorphic volcanic rock and marble, have a close relationship with the scheelite mineralization.
The studied area saw many magmatic activities from Caledonian orogeny to Yanshanian period. Intrusion with various size occur in the south of Daheishan-uplift with NE, taking up over 50% in whole area. The middle-late Jurassic intrusion rock is much more than others, present a simple ring in spatial. Many mineralization and mines are distributed around the contact belt between intrusions and . The studied area locates nearby this contact belt which is porphyritic-like monzonitic granite, fine-medium-grain monzonitic granite and the upper Devonian Xujiatun marble.
The dominant structures of Sanjiazi scheelite deposit are contact belt structure and faults. The contact belt show itself between upper Devonian Xujiatun marble and middle-late Jurassic porphyritic-like monzonitic granite, fine-medium-grain monzonitic granite. The NE faults controlls not only intrusions, ore bodies as well as such dykes as granite aplite and diorite-porhyrite.
Among 14 verified orebodies explored, they are laminated each other. The biggest orebody, in Sanjiazi mine, is long 500m, wide 160m and thick 4-29m, strike is NE(50°-70°),trending is SE and inclination is 10°-15°. There is often branch-complex in both profile and planum of orebody. The average grade of orebody is 0.276%.
Metal minerals are composed of pyrite, scheelite, tungsten, bismuthinite, molybdenite, chalcopyrite, limonite and little pyrrhotite, automorphic-xenomorphic granular texture, metasomatic relict texture, remnant texture, skeletal texture, inclusion texture. Dissemination structure is main structure and rare stockwork. Scheelite and some tungsten make uo of the wolframium.
Wall-rock alterations mainly include skarnization, feldsparation, hornatonation, silicification, chlorite, carbonation and some pyritization, galenation, blendenation, molybdenum and bismuth mineralization. The skarnization and silicification are contact with scheelite in temporal and spatial variation.
Based on ore-forming geological factors, geological characters of deposit, trace element and REE, we can draw a conclusion that the major ore-forming materials come from middle-late Jurassic porphyritic-like monzonitic granite, fine-medium-grain monzonitic granite. Studies on geological and geochemical characters of the Sanjiazi scheelite deposit, together with the compareing of it with other main scheelite deposits, indicate that this deposit belongs to the skarn-type deposit.
Studies of the geologic setting, geological characters and genesis of Sanjiazi scheelite deposit and geophysical and geochemical data in this area can give us such ore-finding clues as following.①geology information: the skarn belt is the main place of scheelite, middle-late Jurassic porphyritic-like monzonitic granite and fine-medium-grain monzonitic granite play the important intrusion conditions. NE and NW structure control the intrusion rock, and the primary tectonite of rock locating the scheelite orebody.②geochemical information: there are W and Mo anomaly area according to the soil surveying.③geophysical information: the induced polarization intermediate gradient surveying indicate that is the relative low-resistance and high-polarization anomaly area.
According to studying on the ore-forming factors, geophysics, geochemistry and character of alteration, two potential metallogenetic areas are discussed. One is in the southwestern Sanjiazi mine, the other is locted in the Tiegongshan. These two areas have favourable ore-finding potentials and are worth further exploring.
引文
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