常见浮游植物磷脂脂肪酸特征研究
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摘要
磷脂脂肪酸（phospholipid fatty acid，PLFA）不仅可用来研究浮游植物群落结构，还可用于浮游植物的稳定同位素分析以研究食物网结构和元素的生物地球化学循环。本文对淡水水体常见浮游植物进行了分离和培养，测定了其磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）；检测了惠州西湖等水体浮游植物磷脂脂肪酸，并结合浮游植物群落组成，分析了浮游植物磷脂脂肪酸特征及其与浮游植物群落结构的关系。结果表明，十八碳三烯酸α-亚麻酸（18:3ω3）、二十碳五烯酸EPA（20:5ω3）的相对百分含量均与裸藻和隐藻的细胞丰度和生物量呈显著正相关；二十碳五烯酸EPA（20:5ω3）的相对百分含量与硅藻的细胞丰度和生物量、二十二碳六烯酸DHA（22:6ω3）的相对百分含量与硅藻和隐藻的细胞丰度和生物量呈正相关；16:3ω3与绿藻的细胞丰度和生物量呈极显著的正相关。其中16:3ω3为绿藻门独有的脂肪酸。这些均与室内实验得到的结果相符合。本研究结果将为利用PLFA作为生物标志物来分析浮游植物组成提供参考，也为结合PLFA和同位素技术研究水生态系统食物网结构提供参考。
Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) can be used to study the phytoplankton communitystructure. And it can also be used for the studies of foodweb and element biogeochemical cyclingby analyzing the stable isotope of PLFA which can be converted to the stable isotope ofphytoplankton. In this study, we isolated and cultured some common phytoplankton species fromfresh water and measured PLFA contents. Meanwhile, we measured the PLFA of phytoplanktonfrom lakes and ponds such as Huizhou West Lake which were analyzed in relation tophytoplankton communities. The results showed that18:3ω3and EPA（20:5ω3）were positivelycorrelated with the abundance and biomass of Cryptomonas and Euglena; EPA（20:5ω3）had apositive correlation with the abundance and biomass of diatom; DHA（22:6ω3）had a positivecorrelation with the abundance and biomass of diatom and Cryptomonas.16:3ω3were onlypositively correlated with the abundance and biomass of green algae. Among them,16:3ω3waslikely specific to the green algae. This study suggests that PLFA might be used as biomakers toanalyze the community composition of phytoplankton, and be used to explore the method ofisotope technology for food web in aquatic ecosystems.
Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) can be used to study the phytoplankton communitystructure. And it can also be used for the studies of foodweb and element biogeochemical cyclingby analyzing the stable isotope of PLFA which can be converted to the stable isotope ofphytoplankton. In this study, we isolated and cultured some common phytoplankton species fromfresh water and measured PLFA contents. Meanwhile, we measured the PLFA of phytoplanktonfrom lakes and ponds such as Huizhou West Lake which were analyzed in relation tophytoplankton communities. The results showed that18:3ω3and EPA（20:5ω3）were positivelycorrelated with the abundance and biomass of Cryptomonas and Euglena; EPA（20:5ω3）had apositive correlation with the abundance and biomass of diatom; DHA（22:6ω3）had a positivecorrelation with the abundance and biomass of diatom and Cryptomonas.16:3ω3were onlypositively correlated with the abundance and biomass of green algae. Among them,16:3ω3waslikely specific to the green algae. This study suggests that PLFA might be used as biomakers toanalyze the community composition of phytoplankton, and be used to explore the method ofisotope technology for food web in aquatic ecosystems.
引文
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[3]郭沛涌,沈焕庭等.应用浮游植物监测与评价长江口水体营养状况[J].海洋科学,2009,33(12):68-72.
[4]侯传宝,刘雯雯.虾池蓝藻及其发生的原因、危害和防控[J].齐鲁渔业,2010,12(2):43-47.
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[10]况琪军,于军,葛建华等.香溪河流域浮游植物调查与水质评价[J].武汉植物学研究,2004,22(6):507-513.
[11]李荷芳,周汉秋.海洋微藻脂肪酸组成的比较研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1999,30(1):34-39.
[12]李文权,蔡阿根,王宪等.光和营养盐对三角褐指藻生化组成的影响[J].中国环境科学,1994,14(3):185-189.
[13]李小琴.太湖水华优势藻的环境特性及藻-菌作用机制[D].南京:东南大学,2010,12-31.
[14]李志文.雨生红球藻内生蓝藻的发现及其生理生化特性的初步研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2011,15-24.
[15]刘波,胡桂萍,郑雪芳等.利用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)生物标记法分析水稻根际土壤微生物多样性[J].中国水稻科学,2010,24(3):278-288.
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