氯离子与碳酸氢根离子对油井水泥的腐蚀研究
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摘要
含有氯离子和碳酸氢根离子的油田地层水和采出液与固井水泥石接触时,能够通过复杂的物理化学作用造成水泥石的腐蚀,导致水泥石内部物质组成、微观结构等发生变化,从而改变水泥石性能,影响水泥石的致密程度和封固效果。本论文以提高三次采油试验区调整井固井质量为目的,在调查和分析部分典型区块采出液水质组成及特点的基础上,利用高温高压腐蚀仪、扫描电子显微镜等仪器设备,开展了氯离子和碳酸氢根离子对油井水泥腐蚀机理及规律研究,分析了油井水泥对氯离子的固化和吸附作用及氯离子和碳酸氢根离子对油井水泥产生的腐蚀作用特征;探讨了氯离子和碳酸氢根离子共同作用下对油井水泥的腐蚀情况,研究了共同腐蚀下对油井水泥强度的影响情况,通过两者协同腐蚀情况分析,为设计抗腐蚀水泥浆体系提供了基础。
When the formation water of oil-field and produced water which were rich in loride ions and bicarbonate ions contacted with oilwell cement mantale, the oilwell cement were corroded by comprehensive physicochemical actions, which resulted in changes of material composition and microstructure of oilwell cement, and further the characteristics of oilwell cement were changed, and the degree of densification and cementing emotion were decreased. In this paper, improving the cement job quality of adjustment wells in experimental area of TOR were focused on; the examination and analyses of the component and characteristics of the produced water in partial typical blocks were based on; the study of corrosion mechanism and law of oilwell cement by chloride ions and bicarbonate ions were developed, using such devices as the High Temperature and High Pressure Corrosion Miriam, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) etc. The chloride ions and bicarbonate ions solidification and adsorption characteristics of oilwell cement were analyzed; and the corroding oil well cement; and corrosion by the cooperative actions by chloride ions and bicarbonate ions were researched on, and the affects on compressive strength of corrosion oilwell cement were studied, which would provide bases for designing the anticorrosion cement slurry system.
When the formation water of oil-field and produced water which were rich in loride ions and bicarbonate ions contacted with oilwell cement mantale, the oilwell cement were corroded by comprehensive physicochemical actions, which resulted in changes of material composition and microstructure of oilwell cement, and further the characteristics of oilwell cement were changed, and the degree of densification and cementing emotion were decreased. In this paper, improving the cement job quality of adjustment wells in experimental area of TOR were focused on; the examination and analyses of the component and characteristics of the produced water in partial typical blocks were based on; the study of corrosion mechanism and law of oilwell cement by chloride ions and bicarbonate ions were developed, using such devices as the High Temperature and High Pressure Corrosion Miriam, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) etc. The chloride ions and bicarbonate ions solidification and adsorption characteristics of oilwell cement were analyzed; and the corroding oil well cement; and corrosion by the cooperative actions by chloride ions and bicarbonate ions were researched on, and the affects on compressive strength of corrosion oilwell cement were studied, which would provide bases for designing the anticorrosion cement slurry system.
引文
[1]黄柏宗,林恩平,吕光明.固井水泥环柱的腐蚀研究[J].油田化学,1999,16(4),377-383.
[2]刘崇建,张玉降,等译.国外油并井注水泥技术[M].四川:四川科学技术出版社,1992.
[3]卢绮敏.石油工业中的腐蚀与保护[M].北京:化学工业出版社[M].2001年10月.
[4]刘大为,等译.现代固井技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[5]道维尔斯伦贝谢公司.注水泥技术[M].北京:北京石油工业出版社.
[6]JOHN Bensted.Oil well cements[J].World Cement.1989,20(10):346-357.
[7]冯乃谦.日本混凝土耐久性问题的历史发展及其对策[J].混凝土,2003,(7):14-17.
[8]夏宁,孝民,任青文.混凝土结构耐久性研究现状[J].利水电科技进展,2005,(4).
[9]L.Basheer,P.A.M.Basheer,A.E.Long.Influence of coarse aggregate on the permeation,durability and the microstructure characteristics of ordinary Portland cement concrete[J].Construction and Building Materials,2005,19(9):682-690.
[10]M.Abd E1.Aziz,S.Abd E1.Aleem,M.Heikal,H.ELDidamony.Hydration and durability of sulphate-resisting and slag cement blends in Caron's Lake water[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2005.35(8):1592-1600.
[11]周学厚.气田开发中的CO_2腐蚀问题[J].天然气工业,1989,9(4):48-54..
[12]王凤平等.油气开发中的CO_2腐蚀[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术.2002,14(4):223-226.
[13]赵国仙等.石油天然气工业中CO_2腐蚀的研究进展[J].腐蚀与防护,1989,19(2):51-54.
[14]张学元等.油气工业中CO_2腐蚀的规律和研究趋势[J].材料保护,1997,30(4):21-23.
[15]张忠铧等.CO_2对油气井管材的腐蚀规律及国内外研究进展[J].宝钢技术,2000,(4):54-58.
[16]任骏.长庆气田腐蚀及防护[J].天然气工业,1998,18(5):61-66.
[17]De Waard C,et al.Carbonic Acid Corrosion of Steel[J].Corrosion,1975,31(5):177-181.
[18]De waard C.et al.Predictive Model for CO_2 Corrosion Engineering in Wet Natural Gas Pipelines[J].Corrosion,1991,47(12):976-985.
[19]Dunlop A.K,et al.Fundamental Considerations in Sweet Gas Well Corrosion[J].NACE Corrosion,1983,83:46.
[20]Crolet J.L.,Bonis M.R.A Tentative Method for Predicting the Corrosion of Wells in New CO_2 Fields[J].NACE Corrosion,1985,85:27.
[21]Crolet J.L.et al.Prediction of the Risks of CO_2 Corrosion in Oil and Gas Wells[J].SPE Production Engineering,1991:449-453.
[22]王选奎等.中原油田气举井油套管腐蚀因素分析[J].腐蚀与防护,2001,22(4):165-168.
[23]柳平林等.花园油田套管腐蚀损坏实验研究[J].石油与天然气工业,1997,26(2):119-120.
[24]殷学民等.气田水中H_2S与CO_2对井下管材的腐蚀-磨70井油管腐蚀实例[J].天然气工业,1994,14(3):58-62.
[25]洪乃丰.混凝土中钢筋锈蚀与防护技术(3)-氯盐与钢筋锈蚀破坏[J].工业建筑,1999,29(10):60-63.
[26]M.F.Montemor,A.M.P.Simoes,M.G.S.Ferreira.Chloride-induced corrosion on reinforcing steel from the fundamentals to the monitoring techniques[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2003,25:491-502.
[27]H.A.F.Dehwah,S.A.Austin,M.Maslehuddin.Chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion inblended cement concrete exposed to chloride-sulphate environments[J].Magazine of ConcreteResearch,2002,54(5):355-364.
[28]Mumtaz K.Kassir,Michel Ghosn.Chloride-indqced corrosion of reinforced concrete bridgedecks[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2002,32:139-143.
[29]Kwasi Osafo Ampadu,Kazuyuki Torii.Chloride ingress and steel corrosion in cement mortars incorporating fly ashes[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2002,32:893-901.
[30]JLr.D.W.Bildcrbcck.etal.Durability of structures in marine environment recent dutch research[J].Indian Concrete Journal,1988,62(2).
[31]洪定海.混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与保护[M].北京:中国铁道出版社.1998.
[32]Kumar V.Protection of steel reinforcement for concrete-A review'[J],Corrosion Reviews,1988,16(4):317-358.
[33]张育林等.CO_2对气井油管的腐蚀-川合100井的腐蚀实例[J].然气工业,1993,13(3):72-76.
[34]王绍东,王智.水泥组分对混凝土固化氯离子能力的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,20009(6):570-574.
[35]Suryavanshi A K,Scantlebury J D,Lyon S B.Mechanism of Friedel's salt formation in cements rich in tri-calcium alumi-nate[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1996,(26),717-727.
[36]Barnes P,吴兆琦,汪瑞芬译.水泥的结构和性能[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1991.
[37]袁润章.胶凝材料学[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1989.
[38]Eilers L H,et al.High-temperature cement composition-pettolite,scowtite,truscottite or xonotlite:which do you want?[J].JPT,1983,7:1373-1377.
[39]张景富等.G及油井水泥的水化硬化及性能[J].硅酸盐学报,2002,30(2):127-131.
[40]张景富等.温度及外加剂对G级油井水泥水化产物的影响[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004.
[41]Browning D.R.CO_2 Corrosion in the Anadarko Basin[J].SPE,1984,12608.
[42]姚晓..CO_2对油井水泥的腐蚀:热力学条件、腐蚀机理及防护措施[J].西南石油学院学报,1998,20(3):68-71.
[43]姚晓.CO_2对油井水泥石的腐蚀及其防护措施[J].钻井液与完井液,1998,15(1):8-12.
[2]刘崇建,张玉降,等译.国外油并井注水泥技术[M].四川:四川科学技术出版社,1992.
[3]卢绮敏.石油工业中的腐蚀与保护[M].北京:化学工业出版社[M].2001年10月.
[4]刘大为,等译.现代固井技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[5]道维尔斯伦贝谢公司.注水泥技术[M].北京:北京石油工业出版社.
[6]JOHN Bensted.Oil well cements[J].World Cement.1989,20(10):346-357.
[7]冯乃谦.日本混凝土耐久性问题的历史发展及其对策[J].混凝土,2003,(7):14-17.
[8]夏宁,孝民,任青文.混凝土结构耐久性研究现状[J].利水电科技进展,2005,(4).
[9]L.Basheer,P.A.M.Basheer,A.E.Long.Influence of coarse aggregate on the permeation,durability and the microstructure characteristics of ordinary Portland cement concrete[J].Construction and Building Materials,2005,19(9):682-690.
[10]M.Abd E1.Aziz,S.Abd E1.Aleem,M.Heikal,H.ELDidamony.Hydration and durability of sulphate-resisting and slag cement blends in Caron's Lake water[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2005.35(8):1592-1600.
[11]周学厚.气田开发中的CO_2腐蚀问题[J].天然气工业,1989,9(4):48-54..
[12]王凤平等.油气开发中的CO_2腐蚀[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术.2002,14(4):223-226.
[13]赵国仙等.石油天然气工业中CO_2腐蚀的研究进展[J].腐蚀与防护,1989,19(2):51-54.
[14]张学元等.油气工业中CO_2腐蚀的规律和研究趋势[J].材料保护,1997,30(4):21-23.
[15]张忠铧等.CO_2对油气井管材的腐蚀规律及国内外研究进展[J].宝钢技术,2000,(4):54-58.
[16]任骏.长庆气田腐蚀及防护[J].天然气工业,1998,18(5):61-66.
[17]De Waard C,et al.Carbonic Acid Corrosion of Steel[J].Corrosion,1975,31(5):177-181.
[18]De waard C.et al.Predictive Model for CO_2 Corrosion Engineering in Wet Natural Gas Pipelines[J].Corrosion,1991,47(12):976-985.
[19]Dunlop A.K,et al.Fundamental Considerations in Sweet Gas Well Corrosion[J].NACE Corrosion,1983,83:46.
[20]Crolet J.L.,Bonis M.R.A Tentative Method for Predicting the Corrosion of Wells in New CO_2 Fields[J].NACE Corrosion,1985,85:27.
[21]Crolet J.L.et al.Prediction of the Risks of CO_2 Corrosion in Oil and Gas Wells[J].SPE Production Engineering,1991:449-453.
[22]王选奎等.中原油田气举井油套管腐蚀因素分析[J].腐蚀与防护,2001,22(4):165-168.
[23]柳平林等.花园油田套管腐蚀损坏实验研究[J].石油与天然气工业,1997,26(2):119-120.
[24]殷学民等.气田水中H_2S与CO_2对井下管材的腐蚀-磨70井油管腐蚀实例[J].天然气工业,1994,14(3):58-62.
[25]洪乃丰.混凝土中钢筋锈蚀与防护技术(3)-氯盐与钢筋锈蚀破坏[J].工业建筑,1999,29(10):60-63.
[26]M.F.Montemor,A.M.P.Simoes,M.G.S.Ferreira.Chloride-induced corrosion on reinforcing steel from the fundamentals to the monitoring techniques[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,2003,25:491-502.
[27]H.A.F.Dehwah,S.A.Austin,M.Maslehuddin.Chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion inblended cement concrete exposed to chloride-sulphate environments[J].Magazine of ConcreteResearch,2002,54(5):355-364.
[28]Mumtaz K.Kassir,Michel Ghosn.Chloride-indqced corrosion of reinforced concrete bridgedecks[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2002,32:139-143.
[29]Kwasi Osafo Ampadu,Kazuyuki Torii.Chloride ingress and steel corrosion in cement mortars incorporating fly ashes[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2002,32:893-901.
[30]JLr.D.W.Bildcrbcck.etal.Durability of structures in marine environment recent dutch research[J].Indian Concrete Journal,1988,62(2).
[31]洪定海.混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与保护[M].北京:中国铁道出版社.1998.
[32]Kumar V.Protection of steel reinforcement for concrete-A review'[J],Corrosion Reviews,1988,16(4):317-358.
[33]张育林等.CO_2对气井油管的腐蚀-川合100井的腐蚀实例[J].然气工业,1993,13(3):72-76.
[34]王绍东,王智.水泥组分对混凝土固化氯离子能力的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,20009(6):570-574.
[35]Suryavanshi A K,Scantlebury J D,Lyon S B.Mechanism of Friedel's salt formation in cements rich in tri-calcium alumi-nate[J].Cement and Concrete Research,1996,(26),717-727.
[36]Barnes P,吴兆琦,汪瑞芬译.水泥的结构和性能[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1991.
[37]袁润章.胶凝材料学[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1989.
[38]Eilers L H,et al.High-temperature cement composition-pettolite,scowtite,truscottite or xonotlite:which do you want?[J].JPT,1983,7:1373-1377.
[39]张景富等.G及油井水泥的水化硬化及性能[J].硅酸盐学报,2002,30(2):127-131.
[40]张景富等.温度及外加剂对G级油井水泥水化产物的影响[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004.
[41]Browning D.R.CO_2 Corrosion in the Anadarko Basin[J].SPE,1984,12608.
[42]姚晓..CO_2对油井水泥的腐蚀:热力学条件、腐蚀机理及防护措施[J].西南石油学院学报,1998,20(3):68-71.
[43]姚晓.CO_2对油井水泥石的腐蚀及其防护措施[J].钻井液与完井液,1998,15(1):8-12.