液压式低频振动钻削的实验研究
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摘要
振动钻削作为一种本质新颖的钻削加工工艺,具有降低切削力和切削温度、提高孔的加工精度,延长钻头寿命等工艺效果,是解决难加工材料、小直径深孔的钻削加工问题的一种有效方法。其优良的工艺效果得到国内外学者的普遍认可,已成为振动切削技术的重要组成部分。目前,振动钻削技术还没有广泛推广应用,激振装置的研制和改进成为其实用性的关键因素。本课题针对这一问题,以低频轴向振动钻削为研究对象,研制改进液压轴向振动装置。
在分析普通钻削理论和各类振动钻削特点的基础上,选用低频轴向振动钻削为研究对象,并分析总结轴向振动钻削的机理。研制改进液压振动钻削装置,以扭矩测量为实验目标,建立低频振动钻削实验系统。
在低频振动钻削实验系统的基础上,选择几种有代表性的材料进行振动钻削和普通钻削工艺效果对比实验,验证液压激振装置的性能和振动钻削在降低钻削扭矩、减小孔扩量方面的工艺效果。通过实验数据的分析,初步证明了低频轴向振动钻削降低切削力和切削扭矩的关键因素是振动频率,为振动钻削降低钻削力的“降低摩擦的理论”提供的实验依据。
As a new technique, vibration drilling has the superiority of decreasing cutting force, reducing cutting temperature, improving machining precision and prolonging aiguilles life. It is an available method. Its excellent effect has been recognized by scholars, and it becomes an important part of vibration cutting. But this technique has not been applied widely. It is pivotal to develop vibration device. In this paper, low frequency axial vibration device is developed.
In this paper, on the basis of analyse for common drilling theory and vibration drilling characteristics, mechanism of axial vibration drilling is summarized. Low frequency vibration drilling experiment system is established aimed at measuring torque.
Based on low frequency vibration drilling experiment system, several representative materials are used to do contrastive experiment between vibration drilling and common drilling. It can validate the capability of hydraulic pressure vibration device and the effect of vibration drilling. Thus it can be proved that vibration frequency is pivotal for low frequency axial vibration drilling to decreasing cutting force and cutting torque. It can provide experimental gist for the theory about reducing friction.
在分析普通钻削理论和各类振动钻削特点的基础上,选用低频轴向振动钻削为研究对象,并分析总结轴向振动钻削的机理。研制改进液压振动钻削装置,以扭矩测量为实验目标,建立低频振动钻削实验系统。
在低频振动钻削实验系统的基础上,选择几种有代表性的材料进行振动钻削和普通钻削工艺效果对比实验,验证液压激振装置的性能和振动钻削在降低钻削扭矩、减小孔扩量方面的工艺效果。通过实验数据的分析,初步证明了低频轴向振动钻削降低切削力和切削扭矩的关键因素是振动频率,为振动钻削降低钻削力的“降低摩擦的理论”提供的实验依据。
As a new technique, vibration drilling has the superiority of decreasing cutting force, reducing cutting temperature, improving machining precision and prolonging aiguilles life. It is an available method. Its excellent effect has been recognized by scholars, and it becomes an important part of vibration cutting. But this technique has not been applied widely. It is pivotal to develop vibration device. In this paper, low frequency axial vibration device is developed.
In this paper, on the basis of analyse for common drilling theory and vibration drilling characteristics, mechanism of axial vibration drilling is summarized. Low frequency vibration drilling experiment system is established aimed at measuring torque.
Based on low frequency vibration drilling experiment system, several representative materials are used to do contrastive experiment between vibration drilling and common drilling. It can validate the capability of hydraulic pressure vibration device and the effect of vibration drilling. Thus it can be proved that vibration frequency is pivotal for low frequency axial vibration drilling to decreasing cutting force and cutting torque. It can provide experimental gist for the theory about reducing friction.
引文
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[4]#12
[5]Hansen.Deep Drilling,Automatic machining,1958,2:37.
[6]Podurear,V N et al.Increasing the efficiency of vibratory drilling by active coolants,Russian Engg.J.,1966,46(11):69.
[7]薛万夫等.振动深孔钻.机械工艺师,1983,10:2-6.
[8]王立江,邱少波.振动与毛刺的关联性.科学通报,1989,8:628-630.
[9]Wang Lijiang et al.Investigation on zero-phase-difference vibration chip breaking,Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,1990,3(1):50-57.
[10]王立江,张明,赵继.超声波振动钻削微小孔的研究[J]机械工程学报,1994,(06).
[11]Wang Liping,Wang Lijiang and Yang Zhaojun.Theoretical investigation and computer simulation of the dynamic thrust and torque in vibration drilling,Proceedings of the 6th SJSUP,1996,573-576.
[12]刘华明.低频振动钻小孔的实验研究.机械工艺师,1988,3:9-10.
[13]刘华明.超声振动钻削的试验研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报.1986,18(4):66-69.
[14]刘华明.超声波振动的实验研究.机械工艺师,1987,8:6-7.
[15]张其馨.碳纤维复合材料旋转超声钻孔装置研究.哈尔滨工业大学学报.1992,3.
[16]王世清等.振动钻削中切屑颗粒的运动规律.农业机械学报.2000,31:108-111.
[17]杨兆军,王立江.变进给量振动钻削微孔的研究[J].制造技术与机床,1998,(02).
[18]杨兆军.三区段变参数振动钻削微小孔的研究[D].长春:吉林工业大学,1995.
[19]王立江,杨兆军,王立平.变参数振动钻削微小孔的研究.中国机械工程,1994,5(5):50-51.
[20]王立平.振动钻削动态特性及变参数振动钻削微机控制的研究[D].长春:吉林工业大学,1997.
[21]张德远,王立江,张明.超声波振动钻削微孔的横刃入钻特性[J]科学通报,1991,(12).
[22]王立平,杨子叔等.低频振动钻削提高微小钻头寿命机理的研究[J].工具技术.1998,32(5):3-5.
[23]张勤河,张建华,贾志新,艾兴.超声振动钻削加工陶瓷的研究—Ⅰ基本原理分析[J].新技术新工艺,1997,(01).
[24]高本河,王世清.低频振动钻削小直径深孔的机理与应用研究[D].西安交通大学,2000.
[25]彭庆林.低频复合振动钻削装置.机械制造.1998,2(36).
[26]王慧霖,张平宽,王贵成.轴向振动钻削参数匹配研究.农业机械学报,2003,34(3):146-147.
[27]王立平,杨叔子,王立江.振动钻削工艺的发展概况及应用前景[J].工具技术,1999,(6):3-7.
[28]张平宽,王慧霖,王贵成.轴向振动钻削过程极其切屑长度分析.应用科学学报,2003,21(4):393-397.
[29]苟琪,李云芳.枪钻低频振动钻孔断屑的研究[J].工具技术,1997,(7):7-11.
[30]殷宝麟,韩荣等.振动切削机理研究[J].机械研究与应用,2004,(05)
[31]薛万夫,孙苗琴.振动切削深孔加工技术(上).机械工艺师,1992(10):39-40.
[32]张平宽,王贵成,王慧霖.切削时段钻头工作角度变化的研究[J].应用科学学报,2006,(04).
[33]王立平,杨叔子,杨兆军,王立江.低频振动钻削提高微小钻头寿命机理的研究[J]工具技术,1998,(05).
[34]张平宽,王慧霖.微小深孔的超低频振动切削机理研究.农业机械学报,2002,33(2):102-105.
[35]张平宽,王慧霖等.轴向振动钻削中钻头角度变化的影响因素.农业机械学报,2005(36).
[36]李祥林.振动切削及其在机械加工中的应用.北京科学技术出版社,1985.
[37]陈学永.振动攻丝机理的研究在线故障诊断加工系统的开发[D].江苏大学博士论文,2002.
[38]《机械工程材料性能数据手册》.编委会.机械工程材料性能数据手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1954.
[39]王世清.孔加工技术[M].石油工业出版社,1993.
[40]赵宏伟,李自军,张林波等.多层复合材料微小孔振动钻削三参数优化[J].吉林工业大学自然科学学报,2000,30(1):31-34.
[41]张德远.振动切削的精密微细切削机理.北京航空航天大学学报,1993,(4).
[42]杨兆军,王立江,刘渲斌等新型微小孔振动钻床.机械制造1995,(12):19-20.
[43]张平宽,王贵成,王慧霖.轴向振动钻削中T_c/T的研究[J]工具技术,2005,(05).
[44]薛万夫,孙苗琴.振动切削深孔加工技术(中)—振动驱动装置及其应用[J]现代制造工程,1992,(11).
[45]成刚虎,乔城泰,肖继明,彭炎午.枪钻振动钻削深孔的工艺研究[J]机械工艺师,1995,(03).
[46]薛万夫,洪伟,薛峰.振动钻孔技术的发展与应用[J].机械工人.冷加工,1999,(02).
[47]苟琪.振动钻孔刀具的损伤特性[J].航空制造技术,1990,(02).
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