氩氧精炼铁合金锰、磷在线检测系统的研究与实现
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摘要
氩氧精炼法作为炉外精炼的基本方法之一,在铁合金的生产中占有重要的地位。在铁合金生产过程中对终点的磷、锰含量进行准确的预报和控制,对于提高铁合金质量降低铁合金冶炼成本具有重要意义。随着冶金分析技术的发展,需要比传统的经验模型或静态模型更为准确和快速的锰、磷检测方法。其目的都是预测产品的性能、质量,并对可能导致生产目标偏离的因素进行实时、在线调整,使生产部分或完全按照设计的路线进行,从而提高生产效率,保证产品质量。
本文首先分析了AOD炉冶锰、磷检测技术的发展及概况,对比国内外锰、磷的检测方法,得出传统锰、磷检测手段实时性差,误差大等缺点,而铁合金生产需要更及时、准确的锰、磷检测方法。在这种情况下,本文结合实际生产条件提出了基于炉气分析的AOD炉锰、磷在线检测方法。
然后分析了AOD炉气的形成及变化特点,建立了AOD炉烟气与炉气的转换模型。应用飞行质谱仪,以炉气为分析对象构建了锰、磷的在线检测系统,介绍了炉气分析的应用于锰、磷检测原理。根据现场冶炼过程和数据,研究了AOD炉冶炼终点锰、磷含量的影响因素,根据质谱仪对炉气成分的在线检测所得到的数据,结合气体流量和初始物料参数,应用反应平衡和物料平衡可准确并实时计算熔池的氧积累量和渣的碱度以及其它相关参数,在此基础上进一步建立了锰、磷预报模型。
最后以Visual Basic编程语言为工具,实现了基于炉气分析的锰、磷预报模型的功能,并制作了一个操作简便,功能强大的上位机软件。该软件能以曲线的形式实时显示熔池中的反应状况,为操作人员提供实时、准确和直观的锰、磷含量当前值及变化趋势。
As a basic method of refining,Argon-Oxygen Refining has an important position in the production of iron alloy.In the ferroalloy production process to more accurate forecasting and control the end of the phosphorus and manganese content, has great significance for improving the quality and reduce the ferroalloy smelting cost. With the development of metallurgical analysis needs detection methods which is more accurate and rapid than the traditional experience model or static model. Its goal is to predict product performance, quality, and may deviate from the factors that lead to the production target in real time, on-line adjustments of production in part or in full accordance with the design of routes, thereby enhancing production efficiency, ensure product quality.
This paper first analyzes the AOD furnace smelting manganese, phosphorus and testing technology development and then compared domestic and international manganese, phosphorus detection methods, Come to the conclusion that the traditional manganese, phosphorus detection methods are poor at real-time, and have some disadvantages such as errors, while the ferroalloy production needs in a more timely, and accurate manganese, phosphorus detection methods. In this case, the actual production conditions, this paper put forward based on analysis of the AOD furnace gas furnace manganese, phosphorus-line detection methods.
Then analyzes the AOD furnace gas formation and changes of established AOD furnace flue gas and furnace gas conversion model. Application of flight mass spectrometer in order to furnace gas for the analysis of object structure, built of manganese, phosphorus-line detection system, and introduced the furnace gas used in the analysis of manganese, phosphorus and detection principle. And in accordance with on-site smelting process and data to study the end of AOD furnace smelting of manganese, phosphorus content of element, the mass spectrometer on the furnace gas composition on-line detection of the data obtained, combined with gas flow and the initial material parameters, application of equilibrium and material balance can be accurately and real-time computing pool of oxygen accumulation and slag basicity as well as other relevant parameters, in this based on the further development of manganese, phosphorus prediction model.
The end, use the Visual Basic programming language as a tool to achieve furnace gas analysis based on manganese, phosphorus prediction model features, and produced a simple, powerful upper machine software. The software is able to curve in the form of real-time display in the reaction bath conditions for operators to provide real-time, accurate and intuitive manganese, phosphorus content of the current values and trends.
本文首先分析了AOD炉冶锰、磷检测技术的发展及概况,对比国内外锰、磷的检测方法,得出传统锰、磷检测手段实时性差,误差大等缺点,而铁合金生产需要更及时、准确的锰、磷检测方法。在这种情况下,本文结合实际生产条件提出了基于炉气分析的AOD炉锰、磷在线检测方法。
然后分析了AOD炉气的形成及变化特点,建立了AOD炉烟气与炉气的转换模型。应用飞行质谱仪,以炉气为分析对象构建了锰、磷的在线检测系统,介绍了炉气分析的应用于锰、磷检测原理。根据现场冶炼过程和数据,研究了AOD炉冶炼终点锰、磷含量的影响因素,根据质谱仪对炉气成分的在线检测所得到的数据,结合气体流量和初始物料参数,应用反应平衡和物料平衡可准确并实时计算熔池的氧积累量和渣的碱度以及其它相关参数,在此基础上进一步建立了锰、磷预报模型。
最后以Visual Basic编程语言为工具,实现了基于炉气分析的锰、磷预报模型的功能,并制作了一个操作简便,功能强大的上位机软件。该软件能以曲线的形式实时显示熔池中的反应状况,为操作人员提供实时、准确和直观的锰、磷含量当前值及变化趋势。
As a basic method of refining,Argon-Oxygen Refining has an important position in the production of iron alloy.In the ferroalloy production process to more accurate forecasting and control the end of the phosphorus and manganese content, has great significance for improving the quality and reduce the ferroalloy smelting cost. With the development of metallurgical analysis needs detection methods which is more accurate and rapid than the traditional experience model or static model. Its goal is to predict product performance, quality, and may deviate from the factors that lead to the production target in real time, on-line adjustments of production in part or in full accordance with the design of routes, thereby enhancing production efficiency, ensure product quality.
This paper first analyzes the AOD furnace smelting manganese, phosphorus and testing technology development and then compared domestic and international manganese, phosphorus detection methods, Come to the conclusion that the traditional manganese, phosphorus detection methods are poor at real-time, and have some disadvantages such as errors, while the ferroalloy production needs in a more timely, and accurate manganese, phosphorus detection methods. In this case, the actual production conditions, this paper put forward based on analysis of the AOD furnace gas furnace manganese, phosphorus-line detection methods.
Then analyzes the AOD furnace gas formation and changes of established AOD furnace flue gas and furnace gas conversion model. Application of flight mass spectrometer in order to furnace gas for the analysis of object structure, built of manganese, phosphorus-line detection system, and introduced the furnace gas used in the analysis of manganese, phosphorus and detection principle. And in accordance with on-site smelting process and data to study the end of AOD furnace smelting of manganese, phosphorus content of element, the mass spectrometer on the furnace gas composition on-line detection of the data obtained, combined with gas flow and the initial material parameters, application of equilibrium and material balance can be accurately and real-time computing pool of oxygen accumulation and slag basicity as well as other relevant parameters, in this based on the further development of manganese, phosphorus prediction model.
The end, use the Visual Basic programming language as a tool to achieve furnace gas analysis based on manganese, phosphorus prediction model features, and produced a simple, powerful upper machine software. The software is able to curve in the form of real-time display in the reaction bath conditions for operators to provide real-time, accurate and intuitive manganese, phosphorus content of the current values and trends.
引文
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[2]杨志忠.2007年我国铁合金市场供需情况分析.西南五省市区第十二届铁合金学术交流会论文集,2007,(5)：18～19.
[3]陈伟.我国的炼钢技术现状.钢铁,2000,66～69
[4]李新明、李强、田灵虎.AOD炉的工艺及设备特征.冶金设备,1995,46-49.
[5]江庆元、李冬刚.AOD炉吹氩脱氮技术的分析与实践.上海金属,2007,25-29.
[6]原隆康.转炉终点动态磷控制技术开发.世界钢铁,2000,53-59.
[7]姚勇.炼钢静态模型的应用.武钢技术,2001(1)：17-19
[8]HeJchira, lgconaril, flop-aadbottom blowing(verter by maipulatlngbouom blown gas fowrateL'acitonls)U.1988.28:372-373.
[9]屠海、洪新.转炉炼钢终点锰磷动态控制技术的开发.上海金属,2002,27～32.
[10]张进之、张宇.板形板厚数学理论.冶金设备,2002,(6)：11～15
[11]高喜奎、陈晓白.分析仪器,1996,30-32.
[12]陈忠伟,袁守谦.LD转炉冶炼的静态数学模型及实现.炼钢,2000(5)
[13]谢书明.智能控制在转炉炼钢吹炼过程动态控制中的应用研究.东北大学,2000.
[14]刘锟,刘浏.基于副枪的转炉终点磷锰控制模型与脱磷优化.钢铁,2008,35-41.
[15]胡志刚.炉气分析在转炉动态控制中的应用.钢铁研究学报,2002,(3)：68～72
[16]张旭升.质谱仪在转炉炼钢终点控制中的应用.鞍钢技术,2003.
[17]戴云阁.现代转炉炼钢.东北大学出版社,1998.
[18]石知机、汪国才、李应江.炉气分析终点控制技术在马钢转炉的应用.钢铁,2007,24-26.
[19]谢书明.智能控制在转炉炼钢吹炼过程动态控制中的应用研究.东北大学,2000.
[20]张旭升.质谱仪在转炉炼钢终点控制中的应用.鞍钢技术,2003,6.
[21]严月祥.飞行时间质谱仪在蓄热式辐射管燃烧工艺中的应用.冶金分析,2007,1-3.
[22]贾振海.氩氧炉生产中、低、微碳铬铁的新工艺.铁合金,2005,12-15.
[23]梁连科等.冶金热力学及动力学.东北工学院出版社,1990,101-105.
[24]刘文、杨宪礼、白彦.转炉采用炉气分析法进行动态控制.炼钢,2005,(5)：48-51.
[25]李国平,宋瑞玉,范文涛编著.数学模型与工业自动控制第一卷总论与模型的建立.湖北人民出版社,1978.
[26]杨立红、刘彻、何平.转炉终点氧含量的预报控制模型.第十二届全国炼钢学术会议论文,2000,P93～98.
[27]池冰河、魏季和等.不锈钢AOD炉精炼过程数学模拟初探.上海金属,2004,49-58.
[28]沈学静、王海舟、严月详、胡少成等.转炉气体在线分析—飞行时间质谱的应用,冶金分析,2007,23～27.
[29]李选培.过程分析仪器的取样系统.北京：机械工业出版社,1999,60-68.
[30]赵冰、沈学静.飞行时间质谱分析技术的发展.现代科学仪器,2006,(8)：4-6.
[31]严月祥、沈学静、王蓬、胡少成.PLC自动控制系统在质谱炉气分析系统中的应用。冶金自动化,2006,(9)：5-10.
[32]舒杰辉.不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程数学模拟研究.上海大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[33]杨阿娜、刘学华、蔡开科.炼钢过程钢中氧的控制[J].钢铁研究学报,2005,(3)：17～22.
[34]Cotter R J. Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry:Instrumentation and Applications in Biological Research, Washington D. C.:ACS Books, ACS Symp. Ser.,1999,549:1-227.
[35]郭长娟、黄正旭、陈华勇等.飞行时间质谱仪国内研究状况及发展趋势.现代仪器,2007,(4)：1-4.
[36](苏)B.A.格里古良等著,曲英等译,炼钢过程的物理化学计算,冶金工业出版社,1993,123-124.
[37]陈晨.转炉炼钢快速成渣工艺探讨.武钢技术,1998,P16-26.
[38]G. Thornton and D. Anderson, Low phosphorus basic oxygen steelmaking practices in British Steel,,21、3, Iron making and steelmaking, P247～251,1994
[39]E. T. TURKDOGAN, Slag Composition Variation Cuasing Variations in Steel Dephoshorisation and Desulphurization in Oxygen Steel making,40、9, ISIJ International, P827～832,2000
[40]王忠英、刘来君、常国梁等.BaO渣系对高铬钢液同时脱磷脱硫的研究,STEELMAKING,1997,36～39.
[41]黄晓颖、姜周华、李花兵等.含铬铁水氧化脱磷的研究.铁合金,2005,(4)：7-11.
[42]赵跃萍、张金柱.锰铁熔体脱磷热力学分析.中国锰业,2001,13-16.
[43]陈襄武.钢铁冶金物理化学[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,1990：200.
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