含钛高炉渣的熔渣特性及其应用研究
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摘要
本文以高效综合利用攀钢含钛高炉渣,缓解攀钢高炉炉前铁沟粘渣严重问题为出发点,首先研究了碳氮化处理前后含钛高炉渣的熔化特性,同时研究了Ti(C,N)、焦宝石、特级矾土、棕刚玉和含硼化合物对含钛高炉渣熔化特性的影响;为了进一步说明攀钢含钛高炉渣的特殊性,探讨了普通高炉渣和攀钢高炉渣对高炉炉前耐火材料(炮泥、铁沟浇注料和捣打料)的侵蚀情况;最后,研究了将碳氮化处理前后的含钛高炉渣直接引入到捣打料中,研究了捣打料的常规物理性能、抗氧化性及抗渣侵蚀性能,并与添加普通高炉渣和含硼添加剂的捣打料进行了对比,得到以下主要结论:
(1)碳氮化处理含钛高炉渣的熔化温度随着配碳量和碳氮化处理温度的升高逐渐升高,特别是流动温度的变化更明显。焦宝石、特级矾土、棕刚玉等耐火氧化物原料加入到含钛高炉渣后,随着每种原料加入量的增加,含钛高炉渣的熔化温度不断升高,即耐火原料中Al2O3含量越高,SiO2和其它杂质含量越低,渣料体系的熔化温度越高。Ti(C,N)加入量大于6%后含钛高炉渣的熔化温度才明显提高;硼酐及含硼添加剂均能明显降低含钛高炉渣的熔化温度,并而在0.5%～1%范围内出现硼反常现象。普通高炉渣中加入耐火原料后的变化规律与含钛高炉渣相同,但变化趋势更明显。
(2)静态坩埚法研究表明,攀钢含钛高炉渣对Al2O3-SiC-C质炮泥、铁沟浇注料、铁沟捣打料等基本无明显侵蚀和渗透,而普通高炉渣易与耐火材料反应生成低熔液相,造成明显的侵蚀破坏。当含硼添加剂加入量大于0.5%时,可使铁沟捣打料内低熔液相增多,抗渣侵蚀性能下降。
(3)与普通高炉渣和含硼添加剂对比,将碳氮化处理前后的含钛高炉渣部分或全部替代攀钢现用捣打料中的碳化硅,含钛高炉渣的加入能明显提高捣打料的抗氧化性,不影响抗渣侵蚀性,在改善其它常规物理性能的基础上有望缓解捣打料的粘渣问题。
This thesis focused on the efficient utilization of the titanium-bearing blast furnace slag and to alleviate the serious problem of slag adhesion on ramming refractory in Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company. First of all, the melting characteristics of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag before and after the carbonitridation process were studied. In the same time, the influence of Ti(C,N), clay, bauxite, corundum and boron compounds on the melting characteristics of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag were also studied. To further illustrate the specific feature of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag, blast furnace mud gun , through castable and the ramming refractory corroded by the ordinary blast furnace slag and the titanium-bearing slag in Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company were investigated. Finally, general physical properties, oxidation and slag erosion resistance of ramming refractory were studied. The comparison ramming refractories with the ordinary blast furnace slag and boron-containing additives were performed, when the titanium-bearing blast furnace slag before and after the carbonitridation process were directly introduced into the ramming refractory. The main conclusions are listed as follows:
Firstly, the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag under the carbonitridation process gradually increased with the carbon ratio and carbonitridation temperature, especially for the flowing point. These different types of refractories including clay, bauxite and corundum can increase the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag respectively. With the increase of each raw material, the melting temperature rised continuously, that is to say, with the increase of Al2O3, and the decrease of SiO2 and other impurities, the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag increased. When the addition of Ti (C, N) is more than 6%, it can improve the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag. Boron anhydride and boron-containing additive could reduce the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag significantly, and however, it occurred abnormally when the content of boron compounds are in the range of 0.5% to 1%. The ordinary blast furnace slag has the same melting characteristic as the titanium-bearing slag when refractory raw materials were added in ramming refractories.
Secondly, the titanium-bearing slag has no obvious erosion and infiltration on the blast furnace mud gun, through castable and ramming refractory of Al2O3-SiC-C. But the ordinary blast furnace slag can react easily with refractories to generate low-melting liquid phase, and lead to the erosion damage. When the boron-containing additive is more than 0.5%, it can decrease the slag corrosion.
Thirdly, when SiC of ramming refractory was replaced by part or all of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag before and after the carbonitridation process, it can improve the oxidation resistance of ramming refractories significantly, but give no affection to the slag resistance. It can be deduced that the problem of slag adhesion on ramming refractories can be solved on the basis of improving other general physical properties.
(1)碳氮化处理含钛高炉渣的熔化温度随着配碳量和碳氮化处理温度的升高逐渐升高,特别是流动温度的变化更明显。焦宝石、特级矾土、棕刚玉等耐火氧化物原料加入到含钛高炉渣后,随着每种原料加入量的增加,含钛高炉渣的熔化温度不断升高,即耐火原料中Al2O3含量越高,SiO2和其它杂质含量越低,渣料体系的熔化温度越高。Ti(C,N)加入量大于6%后含钛高炉渣的熔化温度才明显提高;硼酐及含硼添加剂均能明显降低含钛高炉渣的熔化温度,并而在0.5%～1%范围内出现硼反常现象。普通高炉渣中加入耐火原料后的变化规律与含钛高炉渣相同,但变化趋势更明显。
(2)静态坩埚法研究表明,攀钢含钛高炉渣对Al2O3-SiC-C质炮泥、铁沟浇注料、铁沟捣打料等基本无明显侵蚀和渗透,而普通高炉渣易与耐火材料反应生成低熔液相,造成明显的侵蚀破坏。当含硼添加剂加入量大于0.5%时,可使铁沟捣打料内低熔液相增多,抗渣侵蚀性能下降。
(3)与普通高炉渣和含硼添加剂对比,将碳氮化处理前后的含钛高炉渣部分或全部替代攀钢现用捣打料中的碳化硅,含钛高炉渣的加入能明显提高捣打料的抗氧化性,不影响抗渣侵蚀性,在改善其它常规物理性能的基础上有望缓解捣打料的粘渣问题。
This thesis focused on the efficient utilization of the titanium-bearing blast furnace slag and to alleviate the serious problem of slag adhesion on ramming refractory in Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company. First of all, the melting characteristics of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag before and after the carbonitridation process were studied. In the same time, the influence of Ti(C,N), clay, bauxite, corundum and boron compounds on the melting characteristics of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag were also studied. To further illustrate the specific feature of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag, blast furnace mud gun , through castable and the ramming refractory corroded by the ordinary blast furnace slag and the titanium-bearing slag in Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company were investigated. Finally, general physical properties, oxidation and slag erosion resistance of ramming refractory were studied. The comparison ramming refractories with the ordinary blast furnace slag and boron-containing additives were performed, when the titanium-bearing blast furnace slag before and after the carbonitridation process were directly introduced into the ramming refractory. The main conclusions are listed as follows:
Firstly, the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag under the carbonitridation process gradually increased with the carbon ratio and carbonitridation temperature, especially for the flowing point. These different types of refractories including clay, bauxite and corundum can increase the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag respectively. With the increase of each raw material, the melting temperature rised continuously, that is to say, with the increase of Al2O3, and the decrease of SiO2 and other impurities, the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag increased. When the addition of Ti (C, N) is more than 6%, it can improve the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag. Boron anhydride and boron-containing additive could reduce the melting temperature of the titanium-bearing slag significantly, and however, it occurred abnormally when the content of boron compounds are in the range of 0.5% to 1%. The ordinary blast furnace slag has the same melting characteristic as the titanium-bearing slag when refractory raw materials were added in ramming refractories.
Secondly, the titanium-bearing slag has no obvious erosion and infiltration on the blast furnace mud gun, through castable and ramming refractory of Al2O3-SiC-C. But the ordinary blast furnace slag can react easily with refractories to generate low-melting liquid phase, and lead to the erosion damage. When the boron-containing additive is more than 0.5%, it can decrease the slag corrosion.
Thirdly, when SiC of ramming refractory was replaced by part or all of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag before and after the carbonitridation process, it can improve the oxidation resistance of ramming refractories significantly, but give no affection to the slag resistance. It can be deduced that the problem of slag adhesion on ramming refractories can be solved on the basis of improving other general physical properties.
引文
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