基于产品变型设计技术的砂斗CAD系统开发
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摘要
在日益激烈的市场竞争条件下,企业必须提供质量高、成本低和服务好的产品才能在竞争中处于有利地位。产品的变型设计能够利用企业现有的设计方法和经验,快速的设计出满足用户的产品。因此,根据产品的变型设计方法,开发机械产品的专业CAD系统软件对于提高企业的快速设计能力、增强企业的市场竞争力具有重要意义。全文主要研究内容及成果如下：
首先,结合无锡锡南铸造机械有限公司研究项目的需求,并针对复杂产品的特殊性,如产品结构层次多,零部件变型关系复杂等,通过基于OLE技术的SolidWorks软件二次开发,深入研究了砂斗产品单个模块的尺寸变型设计与结构变型设计方法,并采用模型空间位置变换与特征装配相结合的方法实现模块间的自动装配,完成了砂斗产品的整体变型设计,形成了面向砂斗产品的快速设计体系。
其次,针对三维CAD软件自动生成的工程图不符合企业标准的问题进行了研究,采用视图自动生成与简化技术实现砂斗二维工程视图的自动生成,并通过零部件模型中特征的自动识别与选取,获取指定视图的尺寸标注特征与位置坐标,且通过图层来进行标注位置的计算,完成尺寸的自动标注,实现了三维设计与二维部分的无缝连接。
最后,根据企业实际情况,开发了面向砂斗系列产品的专业CAD系统软件。经企业使用表明,编制的砂斗快速设计系统,通过对关键结构与尺寸的操作,便捷地实现了产品的参数化设计、自动装配、输出二维工程图等繁杂的设计过程,缩短了产品的设计开发时间,提高了企业的市场竞争力。
In the conditions of increasingly competitive market, enterprises must quickly provide high quality, low cost and good services to occupy a more competitive position in the competition. Product variant design can fully take enterprises'original design methods and experience to meet customers'requirements rapidly. Therefore, according to the product variant design, development of professional CAD software for mechanical products is of great importance in improving enterprises'rapid design capabilities and enhancing market competitiveness.
First, to meet the research demands of Wuxi Xinan Foundry Machinery Co., Ltd, and aiming at the particularities of complicate products such as multi-tier architectures, complicated variant relationships among constitutes components, the dimensions and structures variant design methods of a single module in sandhopper products were researched in-depth based on secondary development of SolidWorks by using of OLE technology. Together with model space transforming technique and assembly based on features method, the components between modules are automatic assembled. So the overall variant design of sandhopper products is completed and a rapid design system of sandhopper products oriented is proposed.
Secondly, Aiming at the problem of auto-generated drawings, which do not meet corporate standards. The sandhopper engineering views are automatically generated by using views generated and simplified technology. Besides, through identification and selection the features of components automatically, dimension features and its location coordinates of the specified view are obtained. At last, automatic dimensioning is completed by calculation method of dimensions' coordinates based on the layers, realizing seamless integrated between 3D design and 2D drawings.
Finally, Based on real situation of enterprise, professional CAD system software for sandhopper series products is developed. And through using of it by enterprise, designers can realize design process of parameterization designing, automatic assembly and drawing's put out through controlling of the key structures and dimensions. It not only reduces time of project, but also intense market competition.
首先,结合无锡锡南铸造机械有限公司研究项目的需求,并针对复杂产品的特殊性,如产品结构层次多,零部件变型关系复杂等,通过基于OLE技术的SolidWorks软件二次开发,深入研究了砂斗产品单个模块的尺寸变型设计与结构变型设计方法,并采用模型空间位置变换与特征装配相结合的方法实现模块间的自动装配,完成了砂斗产品的整体变型设计,形成了面向砂斗产品的快速设计体系。
其次,针对三维CAD软件自动生成的工程图不符合企业标准的问题进行了研究,采用视图自动生成与简化技术实现砂斗二维工程视图的自动生成,并通过零部件模型中特征的自动识别与选取,获取指定视图的尺寸标注特征与位置坐标,且通过图层来进行标注位置的计算,完成尺寸的自动标注,实现了三维设计与二维部分的无缝连接。
最后,根据企业实际情况,开发了面向砂斗系列产品的专业CAD系统软件。经企业使用表明,编制的砂斗快速设计系统,通过对关键结构与尺寸的操作,便捷地实现了产品的参数化设计、自动装配、输出二维工程图等繁杂的设计过程,缩短了产品的设计开发时间,提高了企业的市场竞争力。
In the conditions of increasingly competitive market, enterprises must quickly provide high quality, low cost and good services to occupy a more competitive position in the competition. Product variant design can fully take enterprises'original design methods and experience to meet customers'requirements rapidly. Therefore, according to the product variant design, development of professional CAD software for mechanical products is of great importance in improving enterprises'rapid design capabilities and enhancing market competitiveness.
First, to meet the research demands of Wuxi Xinan Foundry Machinery Co., Ltd, and aiming at the particularities of complicate products such as multi-tier architectures, complicated variant relationships among constitutes components, the dimensions and structures variant design methods of a single module in sandhopper products were researched in-depth based on secondary development of SolidWorks by using of OLE technology. Together with model space transforming technique and assembly based on features method, the components between modules are automatic assembled. So the overall variant design of sandhopper products is completed and a rapid design system of sandhopper products oriented is proposed.
Secondly, Aiming at the problem of auto-generated drawings, which do not meet corporate standards. The sandhopper engineering views are automatically generated by using views generated and simplified technology. Besides, through identification and selection the features of components automatically, dimension features and its location coordinates of the specified view are obtained. At last, automatic dimensioning is completed by calculation method of dimensions' coordinates based on the layers, realizing seamless integrated between 3D design and 2D drawings.
Finally, Based on real situation of enterprise, professional CAD system software for sandhopper series products is developed. And through using of it by enterprise, designers can realize design process of parameterization designing, automatic assembly and drawing's put out through controlling of the key structures and dimensions. It not only reduces time of project, but also intense market competition.
引文
[1]方昀.机械产品快速设计技术[J].计算机辅助设计与制造,1999(5)：5-6.
[2]张晓丽,胡东明,吴宝贵.基于知识的复杂机械产品设计方法研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2010,50(6)：917-920.
[3]机械CAD技术的应用状况及发展趋势[J].机械制造,2007,45(519)：32-34.
[4]CAD技术的发展趋势及主流软件产品[J].中国制造业信息化,2003,32(01)：41-45.
[5]Pahl G, Beitz W. Engineering Design[Z]. Springer verlag, New York,1984.
[6]王志,张进生,于丰业等.基于实例推理的产品变型设计技术[J].机电一体化,20039(6)：35-37.
[7]赵继云,高剑峰,钟廷修.支持变型设计的CAD理论和方法的分析与研究[J].机械设计,1999,2：28-31.
[8]Prebil L, Zupan S, Lucic P. Adaptive and variant design of rotational connections [J]. Engineering with Computer,1995(11):83-93.
[9]王峰,俞新陆.产品级三维参数化设计系统的研究与开发[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001,13(11)：34-38.
[10]孟样旭,徐延宁.参数化设计研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2002,11(14)：87-91.
[11]庞夫东,余隋怀,宋丹丹,等.产品广义参数化设计中的约束定义方法研究[J].现代制造工程,2010,11：36-39.
[12]卢志强,邵伟民,李志发.基于参数化的系列化图形尺寸自动标注方法[J].计算机工程与设计,2010,31(6)：1324-1326.
[13]张学忱,张启晖,范汝祥,等.利用关联关系的标准件参数化设计方法[J].工程图学学报,2010,01：181-184.
[14]高霄汉,张予川.基于Pro正二次开发技术的通用装配仿真过程的研究[J].计算机辅助工程,2003,01：49-54.
[15]臧明,廖文和,李迎光.基于适应性装配特征的自动装配技术研究[J].机械制造与研究,2006,35(2)：50-53,56.
[16]沈梅,何小朝,张铁.基于装配特征的装配建模[J].中国机械工程,2001,12(09)：1025-1029.
[17]水俊峰,吴宗佳,陈树晓,等.基于SolidWorks的自顶向下装配与参数化技术[J].机械工程与自动化,2007,05：9-11.
[18]Alexander, Felferning, Gerhard Friedrich, Dietmar Jannach. Conceptual modeling for configuration of mass-customizable products[J]. Artificial Intelligence in Engineering,2000(15):165-176.
[19]Dobrescu G.Reich Y Progressive sharing of modules among product variant[J]. Computer-Aided Design,2003,35(9):791-806.
[20]Fujita K. Product variety optimization under modular architecture[J]. Computer-Aided Design,2002,34(12):953-965.
[21]Gonzalez Zugasti J R Otto K N. Modular platform based product family design. In: Proceedings of DETC'OOASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Baltimore, Mary land,2000, DAC-14238:677-687.
[22]艾辉,万立,熊体凡,等.大规模定制环境下的参数驱动产品配置设计方法研究[J].中国机械工程,2010,21(15)：1820-1824.
[23]任彬,张树有,伊国栋.基于模糊多属性决策的复杂产品配置方法[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(19)：108-115.
[24]张雷,刘光复,胡迪,等.基于约束满足问题的绿色产品配置设计[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(19)：117-124.
[25]但斌,覃燕红,王江平.基于实例和CSP的产品配置方法[J].重庆大学学报,2008,31(5)：511-514.
[26]Elllot, WS. Computer-Aided Mechanical Engineering Computer-Aided Design,1989,12
[27]Jocnson, J. Mogitz and M. Vogel. Computer Graphics for Design Processes in Mechanical Engineering. Computer Graphics for Design Processes,1990,14(3/4).
[28]付鹏,王宗彦,秦慧斌等.知识驱动的堆垛机快速设计系统研究[J].机械设计与制造,2010,3(3)：20-22.
[29]秦海峰,王强,黄翔.基于特征与知识的航空钣金快速设计系统的研究与开发[J].机械制造与制动化,2010,39(4)：13-16.
[30]吴卫东,廖文和.构建机械类产品快速设计系统的关键技术研究[J].机械设计与制造,2008,4(4)：200-202.
[31]张莎莎,张定华,陈冰等.工艺主模型驱动的同构零件工装快速设计方法[J].机械科学与技术,2009,28(2)：246-253.
[32]王宗彦.SolidWorks机械产品高级开发技术[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2005.
[33]叶炜威,余佳才. SolidWorks 2006实体建模与二次开发教程[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2006.
[34]魏雪萍. VB. NET 2005程序设计从入门到精通[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2008.
[35]郭刚. Excel VBA入门与应用典型实例.北京：科学出版社,2009.
[36]Loic Tching, Georges Dumont, Jerome Perret. Haptic assembly of CAD models using virtual constraint guidance[C]. Proceedings of the ASME World Conference on Innovative Virtual Reality. Ames:ASME Press,2010.
[37]Rondall E. Jones, Randall H. Wilson, Terri L. Calton. On constraints in assembly planning [J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation,1998,14(6):849-863.
[38]Benoit Marguet, Nicolas Chevassus, D. E. Whitney, et al. Variation Management in design for aircraft assembly[C]. Proceedings of the SAE Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Conference and Exposition Fort Worth. Texas:SAE Press,2000.
[39]E. Motato, C. Radcliffe. Networked assembly of aff ine physical system models [J]. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control,2010,132, p.061203.
[40]Chang Muk Kang, Min Jung Kwak, Nam Wook Cho, et al. An algorithm for deriving transition matrix based on product architecture[C]. Proceedings of the ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. New York:ASME Press,2008.
[41]SolidWorks公司著. SolidWorks工程图教程.北京：机械工业出版社,2009.
[2]张晓丽,胡东明,吴宝贵.基于知识的复杂机械产品设计方法研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2010,50(6)：917-920.
[3]机械CAD技术的应用状况及发展趋势[J].机械制造,2007,45(519)：32-34.
[4]CAD技术的发展趋势及主流软件产品[J].中国制造业信息化,2003,32(01)：41-45.
[5]Pahl G, Beitz W. Engineering Design[Z]. Springer verlag, New York,1984.
[6]王志,张进生,于丰业等.基于实例推理的产品变型设计技术[J].机电一体化,20039(6)：35-37.
[7]赵继云,高剑峰,钟廷修.支持变型设计的CAD理论和方法的分析与研究[J].机械设计,1999,2：28-31.
[8]Prebil L, Zupan S, Lucic P. Adaptive and variant design of rotational connections [J]. Engineering with Computer,1995(11):83-93.
[9]王峰,俞新陆.产品级三维参数化设计系统的研究与开发[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001,13(11)：34-38.
[10]孟样旭,徐延宁.参数化设计研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2002,11(14)：87-91.
[11]庞夫东,余隋怀,宋丹丹,等.产品广义参数化设计中的约束定义方法研究[J].现代制造工程,2010,11：36-39.
[12]卢志强,邵伟民,李志发.基于参数化的系列化图形尺寸自动标注方法[J].计算机工程与设计,2010,31(6)：1324-1326.
[13]张学忱,张启晖,范汝祥,等.利用关联关系的标准件参数化设计方法[J].工程图学学报,2010,01：181-184.
[14]高霄汉,张予川.基于Pro正二次开发技术的通用装配仿真过程的研究[J].计算机辅助工程,2003,01：49-54.
[15]臧明,廖文和,李迎光.基于适应性装配特征的自动装配技术研究[J].机械制造与研究,2006,35(2)：50-53,56.
[16]沈梅,何小朝,张铁.基于装配特征的装配建模[J].中国机械工程,2001,12(09)：1025-1029.
[17]水俊峰,吴宗佳,陈树晓,等.基于SolidWorks的自顶向下装配与参数化技术[J].机械工程与自动化,2007,05：9-11.
[18]Alexander, Felferning, Gerhard Friedrich, Dietmar Jannach. Conceptual modeling for configuration of mass-customizable products[J]. Artificial Intelligence in Engineering,2000(15):165-176.
[19]Dobrescu G.Reich Y Progressive sharing of modules among product variant[J]. Computer-Aided Design,2003,35(9):791-806.
[20]Fujita K. Product variety optimization under modular architecture[J]. Computer-Aided Design,2002,34(12):953-965.
[21]Gonzalez Zugasti J R Otto K N. Modular platform based product family design. In: Proceedings of DETC'OOASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Baltimore, Mary land,2000, DAC-14238:677-687.
[22]艾辉,万立,熊体凡,等.大规模定制环境下的参数驱动产品配置设计方法研究[J].中国机械工程,2010,21(15)：1820-1824.
[23]任彬,张树有,伊国栋.基于模糊多属性决策的复杂产品配置方法[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(19)：108-115.
[24]张雷,刘光复,胡迪,等.基于约束满足问题的绿色产品配置设计[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(19)：117-124.
[25]但斌,覃燕红,王江平.基于实例和CSP的产品配置方法[J].重庆大学学报,2008,31(5)：511-514.
[26]Elllot, WS. Computer-Aided Mechanical Engineering Computer-Aided Design,1989,12
[27]Jocnson, J. Mogitz and M. Vogel. Computer Graphics for Design Processes in Mechanical Engineering. Computer Graphics for Design Processes,1990,14(3/4).
[28]付鹏,王宗彦,秦慧斌等.知识驱动的堆垛机快速设计系统研究[J].机械设计与制造,2010,3(3)：20-22.
[29]秦海峰,王强,黄翔.基于特征与知识的航空钣金快速设计系统的研究与开发[J].机械制造与制动化,2010,39(4)：13-16.
[30]吴卫东,廖文和.构建机械类产品快速设计系统的关键技术研究[J].机械设计与制造,2008,4(4)：200-202.
[31]张莎莎,张定华,陈冰等.工艺主模型驱动的同构零件工装快速设计方法[J].机械科学与技术,2009,28(2)：246-253.
[32]王宗彦.SolidWorks机械产品高级开发技术[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2005.
[33]叶炜威,余佳才. SolidWorks 2006实体建模与二次开发教程[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2006.
[34]魏雪萍. VB. NET 2005程序设计从入门到精通[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2008.
[35]郭刚. Excel VBA入门与应用典型实例.北京：科学出版社,2009.
[36]Loic Tching, Georges Dumont, Jerome Perret. Haptic assembly of CAD models using virtual constraint guidance[C]. Proceedings of the ASME World Conference on Innovative Virtual Reality. Ames:ASME Press,2010.
[37]Rondall E. Jones, Randall H. Wilson, Terri L. Calton. On constraints in assembly planning [J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation,1998,14(6):849-863.
[38]Benoit Marguet, Nicolas Chevassus, D. E. Whitney, et al. Variation Management in design for aircraft assembly[C]. Proceedings of the SAE Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Conference and Exposition Fort Worth. Texas:SAE Press,2000.
[39]E. Motato, C. Radcliffe. Networked assembly of aff ine physical system models [J]. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control,2010,132, p.061203.
[40]Chang Muk Kang, Min Jung Kwak, Nam Wook Cho, et al. An algorithm for deriving transition matrix based on product architecture[C]. Proceedings of the ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. New York:ASME Press,2008.
[41]SolidWorks公司著. SolidWorks工程图教程.北京：机械工业出版社,2009.