热带不同生态环境稀有放线菌分离、分类和活性初步测定
|
摘要
通过干热,苯酚,SDS等多种预处理方法对海南清澜港红树林、海南东寨港红树林、湛江红树林、深圳红树林、吊罗山原始森林、儋州橡胶林和海口火山口等7处热带不同生境土壤样品预处理,并采用多种选择性抗生素和培养基对这些样品进行稀有放线菌的分离。共分离到114株稀有放线菌。用显微镜形态观察和菌落形态观察对分离到的放线菌初步归类,从中选取38株菌进行16S rDNA序列分析和细胞壁氨基酸分析(薄板层析TLC),将分离到的稀有放线菌鉴定到属,并构建系统发育树进行类群分析。114株稀有放线菌分布在7个属,分别是链轮丝菌属、游动放线菌属、诺卡氏菌属、马杜拉放线菌属、链孢囊菌属、小四孢菌属、小单孢菌属。
经活性检测后,得到抗B16肿瘤细胞活性菌株22株,占总菌株数的19.3%。得到抗白色念珠菌活性菌株25株,占总菌株数的21.9%。在海洋红树林环境分离到的稀有放线菌活性比率最高,活性比率为33.3%。
由初步的归类结果对热带不同生境稀有放线菌的类群分布进行分析比较,水生环境和非水生环境以及不同的非水生环境之间,发现稀有放线菌类群分布有着明显差异。其中红树林环境的稀有放线菌类群,主要为小单孢菌属和游动放线菌属。吊罗山原始森林的稀有放线菌多样性较丰富。从吊罗山原始森林共分离到6个不同的属,链轮丝菌属、游动放线菌属、诺卡氏菌属、马杜拉放线菌属、链孢囊菌属、小单孢菌属。
In this research, soil samples collected from different environments including mangroves in Qinglan and Dongzai Harbors in Hainan province as well as those in Shenzhen and Zhanjiang; Tropical rain forest of Diaoluo Mountain, rubber tree forest in Danzhou、volcano area in Haikou, etc. Samples were pretreated with dry heating, adding phenol and SDS and then applied to selective media adding with different antibiotics. One hundred and fourteen isolates were selected and primarily classified by their morphology on the agar plates and under microscope. Thirty eight isolates were putatively identified to the genus level based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis and cell wall amino acid analysis by TLC. Neighbor-joining tree based on almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the systematic relationship between the 38 strains.The 114 strains were classified to 7 genus of Actinomadura, Actinoplanes, Micromonospora, Streptosporangium, Nocardia, Microtetraspora and Streptoverticillum.
Through detection of bioactivities on the 114 rare actinomycetes isolates, 22 strains showed activity against B16 cell, which was 19.3% of total strains; 25 strains were active against Candida albicans, which was 21.9% of total strains. Strains isolated from mangroves showed higher percentage of bioactivity than other envrironment, which was 33.3%.
The distributions of rare actinomycetes in different environment in this research were different. In mangroves Micromonospora and Actinoplanes were of predominant genus. More diversity of rare actinomycetes was found in tropical rain forests of Diaoluo mountain, which are Actinomadura, Actinoplanes, Micromonospora, Nocardia, Microtetraspora and Streptoverticillum.
经活性检测后,得到抗B16肿瘤细胞活性菌株22株,占总菌株数的19.3%。得到抗白色念珠菌活性菌株25株,占总菌株数的21.9%。在海洋红树林环境分离到的稀有放线菌活性比率最高,活性比率为33.3%。
由初步的归类结果对热带不同生境稀有放线菌的类群分布进行分析比较,水生环境和非水生环境以及不同的非水生环境之间,发现稀有放线菌类群分布有着明显差异。其中红树林环境的稀有放线菌类群,主要为小单孢菌属和游动放线菌属。吊罗山原始森林的稀有放线菌多样性较丰富。从吊罗山原始森林共分离到6个不同的属,链轮丝菌属、游动放线菌属、诺卡氏菌属、马杜拉放线菌属、链孢囊菌属、小单孢菌属。
In this research, soil samples collected from different environments including mangroves in Qinglan and Dongzai Harbors in Hainan province as well as those in Shenzhen and Zhanjiang; Tropical rain forest of Diaoluo Mountain, rubber tree forest in Danzhou、volcano area in Haikou, etc. Samples were pretreated with dry heating, adding phenol and SDS and then applied to selective media adding with different antibiotics. One hundred and fourteen isolates were selected and primarily classified by their morphology on the agar plates and under microscope. Thirty eight isolates were putatively identified to the genus level based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis and cell wall amino acid analysis by TLC. Neighbor-joining tree based on almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the systematic relationship between the 38 strains.The 114 strains were classified to 7 genus of Actinomadura, Actinoplanes, Micromonospora, Streptosporangium, Nocardia, Microtetraspora and Streptoverticillum.
Through detection of bioactivities on the 114 rare actinomycetes isolates, 22 strains showed activity against B16 cell, which was 19.3% of total strains; 25 strains were active against Candida albicans, which was 21.9% of total strains. Strains isolated from mangroves showed higher percentage of bioactivity than other envrironment, which was 33.3%.
The distributions of rare actinomycetes in different environment in this research were different. In mangroves Micromonospora and Actinoplanes were of predominant genus. More diversity of rare actinomycetes was found in tropical rain forests of Diaoluo mountain, which are Actinomadura, Actinoplanes, Micromonospora, Nocardia, Microtetraspora and Streptoverticillum.
引文
[1] 管华诗,耿美玉,王长去.21世纪,中国的海洋药物. 中国海洋药物,2000, 4: 44-47
[2] 郭德健. 华南热带农业大人学硕十学位论文.2002
[3] 何小平. 华南热带农业大学硕十学位论文.2002
[4] 姜成林, 徐丽华, 许宗雄. 放线菌分类学. 昆明: 云南大学出版社, 1995:127–129
[5] 姜成林,徐丽华. 微生物资源学. 科学出版社,1997:16-95
[6] 刘志恒,姜成林. 放线菌现代生物学与生物技术. 科学出版社,2004,1:30-258
[7] 阮继生, 刘志恒,梁丽糯,杨德成.放线菌研究及应用,科学出版社,1990:80-86
[8] 肖春.华南热带农业大学硕十学位论文.2003
[9] 徐积恩.稀有放线菌的分离.国外医药抗生素分册,1995,16 (3): 161-164
[10] 闫莉萍. 华南热带农业大人学硕十学位论文.2003
[11] 杨宇容,徐丽华,李启任,姜成林.放线菌分离方法的研究Ⅰ抑制剂的选择. 微生物学通报,1995,22 (2):88-91
[12] 张乔民, 张叶春. 华南红树林海岸生物地貌过程研究. 第四纪研究,1997,(4) :344-353
[13] Amerga Lazzarini, Linda Cavaletti, Giorgio Toppo, Flavia Marinelli. Rare genera of actinomycetes as potential producers of new antibiotics.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2000, 78:399-405.
[14] Antal N, Fiedler HP, Stackebrandt E, Beil W, Stroch K, Zeeck A.Retymicin, galtamycin B, saquayamycin Z and ribofuranosyllumichrome, novel secondary metabolites from Micromonospora sp. Tu 6368. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activities. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2005, 58(2):95-102.
[15] Athalye M , Lacey J , Goodfellow M. Selectiv isolation and enumeration of Actinomycetes using rifampicin.J Appl Bacteriol, 1981, 51: 289
[16] Bernan VS, Greenstein M , Maiese WM. Marine Microorganism as a Source of New Natural Products. Adv. Appl. Microbiol, 1997, 43:57-90
[17] Brazhnikova MG, Kovsharova IN, Konstantinova NV, Mezentsev AS, Proshliakova VV.Chemical study of the antineoplastic abtibiotic sibiromycin. Antibiotiki. 1970, 15(4):297-300.
[18] Chitti Thawai, Somboon Tanasupawat. Micromonospora eburnea sp. nov., isolated from a Thai peat swamp forest. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2005, 55:417-422
[19] Colwell R R. Polyphasic taxonomy of the genus Vibrio: numerical taxonomy of Vibrio cholerae, lrbrio parahaemolyticus, and related Ybrio species. Bacteriol, 1970, 104:410-433.
[20] Emi Ohta,Shinji Ohta,Natsuki K. Kubota, Makoto Suzuki,Tatsuhiro Ogawa,Akiko Yamasakic,Susumu Ikegamic. Micromonospolide A, a new macrolide from Micromonospora sp.. [J].Tetrahedron Letters ,2001, (42):4179–4181.
[21] Feling RH, Buchanan GO, Mincer TJ, Kauffman CA, Jensen PR, Fenical W. Salinosporamide A:a highly cytotoxic proteasome inhibitor from a novel microbial source,a marnie bacterium of the new genus Salinospora.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed, 2003, 42(3): 355-357.
[22] Furumai T. Kosinostatin, a Quinocycline Antibiotic with Antitumor Activity from Micromonospora sp. TP - A0468. Antibiotics, 2002, 55(2):128–133.
[23] George M.Garrity, Matthew Winters, Denise B.Searles.Taxonomic outline of the prokaryotic genera Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, second edition. 2001, 4:22
[24] Grace C. Y Wang, Yue Wang. Frequency of Formation Chimeric Molecules as a Consequence of PCR Coamplification of 165 rRNA Genes from Mixed Bacterial Genomes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 1997, 63(12):4645-4650
[25] Gutierrez-Lugo MT, Woldemichael GM, Singh MP, Suarez PA, Maiese WM, Montenegro G, Timmermann BN. Isolation of three new naturally occurring compounds from the culture of Micromonospora sp. P1068. Nat Prod Res, 2005, 19(7): 645-652.
[26] Hasegawa T, Takizawa M, Tanida S. A rapid analysis for chemical grouping of aerobic actinoycetes. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology,1983,329:1319-1322
[27] Hayakawa M , Kajiura T, Nonomura H. New methods for the highly selective isolation of Streptosporang ium and Dactylosporangium from soil. J Fermemt Bioeng, 1991,72: 327
[28] Hayakawa M , Nonomura H. A method for the selective isolation of Microtetrasporaglauca and related four-spored actinomycetes from soil. J App l Bacteriol, 1996, 80:375
[29] Hayakawa M, Otoguro M, Takeuchi T, Yamazak T, Limura Y. Application of a method incorporating differential centrifugation for selective isolation of motile actinomycetes in soil and plant litter. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2000,78:171-185.
[30] Hayakawa M, Sadakata T, Nonomura H. New methods for the highly selective isolation of Micromonospora and Microbispora from soil. J Fermem t B ioeng, 1991, 72:320 -326
[31] Hayakawa M, Tamura T, Iino H, Nonomura H. Pollen-baiting and drying methods for the highly selective isolation of Actinoplanes spp. from soil. J Ferment Bioeng. 1991;72:433-438.
[32] Hayakawa M, Tamura T, Nonomura H. Selective isolation of Actinoplanes and Dactylosporangium from soil by using γ-collidine as the chemoattractant. J Ferment Bioeng. 1991;72:426–432.
[33] Heath LS, Sloan GL, Heath HE. A Simple and Generally Applicable Procedure for Releasing DNA from Bacterial cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol,1986,51(5):1138-1140
[34] Hernandez LM, Blanco JA, Baz JP, Puentes JL, Millan FR, Vazquez FE, Fernandez-Chimeno RI, Gravalos DG. 4'-N-methyl-5'-hydroxystaurosporine and 5'-hydroxystaurosporine, new indolocarbazole alkaloids from a marine Micromonospora sp. strain.J Antibiot (Tokyo), 2000 , 53(9):895-902
[35] Hongjuan Zhao, Yankuba Kassama,1Michael Young, Douglas B. Kell, Royston Goodacre.Differentiation of Micromonospora Isolates from a Coastal Sediment in Wales on the Basis of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, 16SrRNA Sequence Analysis, and the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Technique. Applied and environmental microbiology, 2004, 70(11): 6619–6627.
[36] Jensen P R, Dwight R R, Fenical W. Distribution of actinomycetes in near-shore tropical marine sediments. Applied and Enviromnental Microbilolgy, 1993,59(4):997-1002
[37] Ladislav J, Hkrondad S. Methods for Isolation of Streptoverticillia from Soil. J Antibiot,1988,41(4):576-578
[38] Lee SD, Hah YC. Proposal to transfer Catellatospora ferruginea and Catellatospora ishikariense to Asanoa gen.nov.as Asanoa ferruginea comb.nov.and Asanoa ishikariensis sp.nov.,with emended description of the genus Catellatospora. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2002, 50: 967-972
[39] Li YV, Terekhova LP, Alferova IV, Galatenko OA, Gapochka MG. The Application of Succession Analysis in Combination with EHF Irradiation to the Selective Isolation of Actinomycetes from Soil. Microbiology, 2003, 72(1): 114-117.
[40] LI-hua XU,Qi-ren LI,Cheng-lin JIANG. Diversity of Soil Actinomycetes in Yunnan, China. Applied and environmental microbiology, 1996, 62(1): 244-248
[41] Luedemann GM, Brodsky BC. Taxonomy of gentamicin-producing Micromonospora. Antimicrobial Agents Chemother (Bethesda). 1963;161:116–124.
[42] Luis A. Maldonado, William Fenical, ,Paul R.Jensen. Salinispora arenicola gen.nov.,sp.nov.and Salinispora tropica sp.nov.,obligate marine actinomycetes belonging to the family Micromonosporaceae.International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microiology, 2005, 55: 1759-1766.
[43] M. Otoguro, M. Hayakawa, T. Yamazaki1 ,Y. Iimura. An integrated method for the enrichment and selective isolation of Actinokineospora spp. in soil and plant litter. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2001, 91:118-130.
[44] Maldonado LA, Stach JE, Pathom-aree W, Ward AC, Bull AT, Goodfellow M. Diversity of cultivable actinobacteria in geographically widespread marine sediments.Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2005, 87(1):11-8.
[45] Masayuki hayakawa, Hiromitsu iino, Satoshi takeuchi, Toyohiko Yamazaki. Application of a Method Incorporating Treatment with Chloramine-T for the Selective Isolation of Streptosporangiaceae from Soil Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, 1997,84( 6): 599-602.
[46] Masayuki hayakawa, Yuka momose, Takayuki kajiura, Toyohiko Yamazaki, Tomohiko Tamura, Kazunori Hatan, Hide Nonomura.A Selective Isolation Method for Actinomadura viridis in Soil. Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering,1995,79(3):287-289.
[47] Masyuki Takizawa, Rita R. Colwell, and Russell T. hill. Isolation and Diversity of Actinomycetes in the Chesapeake Bay. Appl Envio MicrobioL 1993.59(4):997-1002
[48] Matsumoto LA,Takahashi Y, Shinose M. Longispora albida gen.nov,sp.nov.,a novel genus of the family Micromonosporaceae .Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2003, 53: 1553-1559
[49] Nathan A. Magarvey, Jessica M. Keller, Valerie Bernan, Martin Dworkin,David H. Sherman. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Marine-Derived Actinomycete Taxa Rich in Bioactive Metabolites. Applied and environmental microbiology ,2004, 70(12): 7520–7529.
[50] Nonomura H, Ohara Y. Distribution of actinomycetes in soil. VI. A culture method effective for both preferential isolation and enumeration of Microbispora and Sreptosporangium strains in soil . Journal of Fermentation Technology, 1969, 47:463-469.
[51] Palleroni NJ. A chemotactic method for the isolation of Actinoplanceae. A rch Microbiol, 1980, 128: 53
[52] Peter Hirsch, Udo Mevs, Reiner M. Kroppenstedt, Peter Schumann, Erko Stackebrandt. Cryptoendolithic Actinomycetes from Antarctic Sandstone Rock Samples: Micromonospora endolithica sp. nov. and two Isolates elated to Micromonospora coerulea Jensen 1932. System. Appl. Microbiol, 2004, 27:166–174
[53] Pisano, M A, Sommer M J, Brancacio L. Isolation of bioactive actinomycetes from marine sediments using rifampicin. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1989,31:609-612
[54] Reidinger J. Abyssomcins,inhibiter of the aminobernzoic acid pathway produced by the marine Verrucosispora strain AB-18-032.J.Antibiot, 2004,57:271-279.
[55] Rheims,H, Schumann, P., Rohde, M., Stackebrandt, E. Verrucosispora gifhornensis gen.nov.,sp.nov.a new member of the actinobacterial family micromonosporaceae.Int.J.Syst.Bcteriol, 1998, 48:1119-1127.
[56] Rosa Isabel ,Fernandez Chimeno , Francisco Romero. IB - 96212 , a novel cytotoxic macrolide produced by a marine Micromonospora. I.Taxonomy , fermentation , isolation , and biological activities . J Antibiot , 2000 ,53(5): 474–474.
[57] Rudaia SM,Soloveva NK. Production of taitomycin by culture 3354-1 fromActinoplanes..Arch.Microbiol, 1970 ,15(6):486-90
[58] Saitou N ,Nei M. The Neighbor joining method :a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic tree. Mol Biol Evol ,1987 ,4:406-42
[59] Seok Won Yoon, aIn Young Park, Bo Hwa Sohn, Jaehyouk Lee, Woon Hyung Yeo, Young Ik Lee. A new compound from Micromonospora sp. SA246,9-hydroxycrisamicin-A, activates hepatitis B virus replication. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2004, 319: 859–865.
[60] Shafiee A, Harris G, Motamedi H, Rosenbach M, Chen T,.Zink D,Heimbuch B. Microbial hydroxylation of rustmicin galbonolide A and galbonolide B, two antifungal products produced by Micromonospora sp.. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 2001, 11: 237–242.
[61] Stackebrandt E, Liesack W. Nucleic acids and Classification. In:Goodfellow M, O'Donell A Ged. Handbook of New Bactrial Systematics.London: Academic Press Ltd. 1993.
[62] Tamura T,Hayakawa M ,Hatano k. A new genus of the order Actinomycetales,Virgosporangium gen.nov.,with descriptions of Virgosporangium ochraceum sp.nov.and Virgosporangium aurantiacum sp.nov.Int J Syst Evol Microbiol,2001,51: 1809-1816.
[63] Thiemann JE, Beretta G, Coronelli C, Pagani H . Antibiotic production by new form-genera of the Actinomycetales; II. Antibiotic A/672 isolated from a new species of Actinoplanes: Actinoplanes brasiliensis nov. spec. Journal of Antibiotics, 1969, 22:119-125.
[64] Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F.. The Clustal X windows interface :flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research ,1997 ,24(4):876–488.
[65] Tomohiko Tamura, Masayuki Hayakawa , Kazunori Hatano. A new genus of the order Actinomycetales,Virgosporangium gen. nov., with descriptions of Virgosporangium ochraceum sp. nov. and Virgosporangium aurantiacum sp. nov.. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2001, 51: 1809–1816
[66] Tracy J. Mincer, Paul R. Jensen, Christopher A. Kauffman, William Fenical. Widespread and Persistent Populations of a Major New Marine Actinomycete Taxon in Ocean Sediments. Applied and environmental microbiology, 2002, 68(10): 5005–5011.
[67] Tracy J. Mincer, William Fenical, and Paul R. Jensen. Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Diversity within the obligate Marine Actinomycete Genus Salinispora. Applied and environmental microbiology, 2005, 71(11): 7019–7028
[68] Wagman GH,Weinsten M J.Antibiotic from Micromonospora.Annu Rev Microbiologe, 1980,34: 537-557
[69] Weinstein MJ, Marquez JA, Testa RT, Wagman GH, Oden EM, Waitz JA. Antibiotic 6640, a new Micromonospora-produced aminoglycoside antibiotic. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1970 ,23(11):551–554.
[70] Wu R W. Studies on the microbial ecology of Tansui Estuary.. Botanical Bulletin of Academia sinica. 1993, 34(1): 13–30.
[71] Yojiro Anzai, Natsumi Saito, Michiyasu Tanaka, Kenji Kinoshita, Yasumasa Koyama,Fumio Kato. Organization of the biosynthetic gene cluster for the polyketide macrolide mycinamicin in Micromonospora griseorubida. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2003, 218: 135-141
[72] Zenova GM, Zvyagintsev DG. Actinomycetes of the Genus Micromonospora in Meadow Ecosystems. Microbiology, 2002, 71(5): 570-574.
[2] 郭德健. 华南热带农业大人学硕十学位论文.2002
[3] 何小平. 华南热带农业大学硕十学位论文.2002
[4] 姜成林, 徐丽华, 许宗雄. 放线菌分类学. 昆明: 云南大学出版社, 1995:127–129
[5] 姜成林,徐丽华. 微生物资源学. 科学出版社,1997:16-95
[6] 刘志恒,姜成林. 放线菌现代生物学与生物技术. 科学出版社,2004,1:30-258
[7] 阮继生, 刘志恒,梁丽糯,杨德成.放线菌研究及应用,科学出版社,1990:80-86
[8] 肖春.华南热带农业大学硕十学位论文.2003
[9] 徐积恩.稀有放线菌的分离.国外医药抗生素分册,1995,16 (3): 161-164
[10] 闫莉萍. 华南热带农业大人学硕十学位论文.2003
[11] 杨宇容,徐丽华,李启任,姜成林.放线菌分离方法的研究Ⅰ抑制剂的选择. 微生物学通报,1995,22 (2):88-91
[12] 张乔民, 张叶春. 华南红树林海岸生物地貌过程研究. 第四纪研究,1997,(4) :344-353
[13] Amerga Lazzarini, Linda Cavaletti, Giorgio Toppo, Flavia Marinelli. Rare genera of actinomycetes as potential producers of new antibiotics.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2000, 78:399-405.
[14] Antal N, Fiedler HP, Stackebrandt E, Beil W, Stroch K, Zeeck A.Retymicin, galtamycin B, saquayamycin Z and ribofuranosyllumichrome, novel secondary metabolites from Micromonospora sp. Tu 6368. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activities. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2005, 58(2):95-102.
[15] Athalye M , Lacey J , Goodfellow M. Selectiv isolation and enumeration of Actinomycetes using rifampicin.J Appl Bacteriol, 1981, 51: 289
[16] Bernan VS, Greenstein M , Maiese WM. Marine Microorganism as a Source of New Natural Products. Adv. Appl. Microbiol, 1997, 43:57-90
[17] Brazhnikova MG, Kovsharova IN, Konstantinova NV, Mezentsev AS, Proshliakova VV.Chemical study of the antineoplastic abtibiotic sibiromycin. Antibiotiki. 1970, 15(4):297-300.
[18] Chitti Thawai, Somboon Tanasupawat. Micromonospora eburnea sp. nov., isolated from a Thai peat swamp forest. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2005, 55:417-422
[19] Colwell R R. Polyphasic taxonomy of the genus Vibrio: numerical taxonomy of Vibrio cholerae, lrbrio parahaemolyticus, and related Ybrio species. Bacteriol, 1970, 104:410-433.
[20] Emi Ohta,Shinji Ohta,Natsuki K. Kubota, Makoto Suzuki,Tatsuhiro Ogawa,Akiko Yamasakic,Susumu Ikegamic. Micromonospolide A, a new macrolide from Micromonospora sp.. [J].Tetrahedron Letters ,2001, (42):4179–4181.
[21] Feling RH, Buchanan GO, Mincer TJ, Kauffman CA, Jensen PR, Fenical W. Salinosporamide A:a highly cytotoxic proteasome inhibitor from a novel microbial source,a marnie bacterium of the new genus Salinospora.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed, 2003, 42(3): 355-357.
[22] Furumai T. Kosinostatin, a Quinocycline Antibiotic with Antitumor Activity from Micromonospora sp. TP - A0468. Antibiotics, 2002, 55(2):128–133.
[23] George M.Garrity, Matthew Winters, Denise B.Searles.Taxonomic outline of the prokaryotic genera Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, second edition. 2001, 4:22
[24] Grace C. Y Wang, Yue Wang. Frequency of Formation Chimeric Molecules as a Consequence of PCR Coamplification of 165 rRNA Genes from Mixed Bacterial Genomes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 1997, 63(12):4645-4650
[25] Gutierrez-Lugo MT, Woldemichael GM, Singh MP, Suarez PA, Maiese WM, Montenegro G, Timmermann BN. Isolation of three new naturally occurring compounds from the culture of Micromonospora sp. P1068. Nat Prod Res, 2005, 19(7): 645-652.
[26] Hasegawa T, Takizawa M, Tanida S. A rapid analysis for chemical grouping of aerobic actinoycetes. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology,1983,329:1319-1322
[27] Hayakawa M , Kajiura T, Nonomura H. New methods for the highly selective isolation of Streptosporang ium and Dactylosporangium from soil. J Fermemt Bioeng, 1991,72: 327
[28] Hayakawa M , Nonomura H. A method for the selective isolation of Microtetrasporaglauca and related four-spored actinomycetes from soil. J App l Bacteriol, 1996, 80:375
[29] Hayakawa M, Otoguro M, Takeuchi T, Yamazak T, Limura Y. Application of a method incorporating differential centrifugation for selective isolation of motile actinomycetes in soil and plant litter. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2000,78:171-185.
[30] Hayakawa M, Sadakata T, Nonomura H. New methods for the highly selective isolation of Micromonospora and Microbispora from soil. J Fermem t B ioeng, 1991, 72:320 -326
[31] Hayakawa M, Tamura T, Iino H, Nonomura H. Pollen-baiting and drying methods for the highly selective isolation of Actinoplanes spp. from soil. J Ferment Bioeng. 1991;72:433-438.
[32] Hayakawa M, Tamura T, Nonomura H. Selective isolation of Actinoplanes and Dactylosporangium from soil by using γ-collidine as the chemoattractant. J Ferment Bioeng. 1991;72:426–432.
[33] Heath LS, Sloan GL, Heath HE. A Simple and Generally Applicable Procedure for Releasing DNA from Bacterial cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol,1986,51(5):1138-1140
[34] Hernandez LM, Blanco JA, Baz JP, Puentes JL, Millan FR, Vazquez FE, Fernandez-Chimeno RI, Gravalos DG. 4'-N-methyl-5'-hydroxystaurosporine and 5'-hydroxystaurosporine, new indolocarbazole alkaloids from a marine Micromonospora sp. strain.J Antibiot (Tokyo), 2000 , 53(9):895-902
[35] Hongjuan Zhao, Yankuba Kassama,1Michael Young, Douglas B. Kell, Royston Goodacre.Differentiation of Micromonospora Isolates from a Coastal Sediment in Wales on the Basis of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, 16SrRNA Sequence Analysis, and the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Technique. Applied and environmental microbiology, 2004, 70(11): 6619–6627.
[36] Jensen P R, Dwight R R, Fenical W. Distribution of actinomycetes in near-shore tropical marine sediments. Applied and Enviromnental Microbilolgy, 1993,59(4):997-1002
[37] Ladislav J, Hkrondad S. Methods for Isolation of Streptoverticillia from Soil. J Antibiot,1988,41(4):576-578
[38] Lee SD, Hah YC. Proposal to transfer Catellatospora ferruginea and Catellatospora ishikariense to Asanoa gen.nov.as Asanoa ferruginea comb.nov.and Asanoa ishikariensis sp.nov.,with emended description of the genus Catellatospora. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2002, 50: 967-972
[39] Li YV, Terekhova LP, Alferova IV, Galatenko OA, Gapochka MG. The Application of Succession Analysis in Combination with EHF Irradiation to the Selective Isolation of Actinomycetes from Soil. Microbiology, 2003, 72(1): 114-117.
[40] LI-hua XU,Qi-ren LI,Cheng-lin JIANG. Diversity of Soil Actinomycetes in Yunnan, China. Applied and environmental microbiology, 1996, 62(1): 244-248
[41] Luedemann GM, Brodsky BC. Taxonomy of gentamicin-producing Micromonospora. Antimicrobial Agents Chemother (Bethesda). 1963;161:116–124.
[42] Luis A. Maldonado, William Fenical, ,Paul R.Jensen. Salinispora arenicola gen.nov.,sp.nov.and Salinispora tropica sp.nov.,obligate marine actinomycetes belonging to the family Micromonosporaceae.International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microiology, 2005, 55: 1759-1766.
[43] M. Otoguro, M. Hayakawa, T. Yamazaki1 ,Y. Iimura. An integrated method for the enrichment and selective isolation of Actinokineospora spp. in soil and plant litter. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2001, 91:118-130.
[44] Maldonado LA, Stach JE, Pathom-aree W, Ward AC, Bull AT, Goodfellow M. Diversity of cultivable actinobacteria in geographically widespread marine sediments.Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2005, 87(1):11-8.
[45] Masayuki hayakawa, Hiromitsu iino, Satoshi takeuchi, Toyohiko Yamazaki. Application of a Method Incorporating Treatment with Chloramine-T for the Selective Isolation of Streptosporangiaceae from Soil Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, 1997,84( 6): 599-602.
[46] Masayuki hayakawa, Yuka momose, Takayuki kajiura, Toyohiko Yamazaki, Tomohiko Tamura, Kazunori Hatan, Hide Nonomura.A Selective Isolation Method for Actinomadura viridis in Soil. Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering,1995,79(3):287-289.
[47] Masyuki Takizawa, Rita R. Colwell, and Russell T. hill. Isolation and Diversity of Actinomycetes in the Chesapeake Bay. Appl Envio MicrobioL 1993.59(4):997-1002
[48] Matsumoto LA,Takahashi Y, Shinose M. Longispora albida gen.nov,sp.nov.,a novel genus of the family Micromonosporaceae .Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2003, 53: 1553-1559
[49] Nathan A. Magarvey, Jessica M. Keller, Valerie Bernan, Martin Dworkin,David H. Sherman. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Marine-Derived Actinomycete Taxa Rich in Bioactive Metabolites. Applied and environmental microbiology ,2004, 70(12): 7520–7529.
[50] Nonomura H, Ohara Y. Distribution of actinomycetes in soil. VI. A culture method effective for both preferential isolation and enumeration of Microbispora and Sreptosporangium strains in soil . Journal of Fermentation Technology, 1969, 47:463-469.
[51] Palleroni NJ. A chemotactic method for the isolation of Actinoplanceae. A rch Microbiol, 1980, 128: 53
[52] Peter Hirsch, Udo Mevs, Reiner M. Kroppenstedt, Peter Schumann, Erko Stackebrandt. Cryptoendolithic Actinomycetes from Antarctic Sandstone Rock Samples: Micromonospora endolithica sp. nov. and two Isolates elated to Micromonospora coerulea Jensen 1932. System. Appl. Microbiol, 2004, 27:166–174
[53] Pisano, M A, Sommer M J, Brancacio L. Isolation of bioactive actinomycetes from marine sediments using rifampicin. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1989,31:609-612
[54] Reidinger J. Abyssomcins,inhibiter of the aminobernzoic acid pathway produced by the marine Verrucosispora strain AB-18-032.J.Antibiot, 2004,57:271-279.
[55] Rheims,H, Schumann, P., Rohde, M., Stackebrandt, E. Verrucosispora gifhornensis gen.nov.,sp.nov.a new member of the actinobacterial family micromonosporaceae.Int.J.Syst.Bcteriol, 1998, 48:1119-1127.
[56] Rosa Isabel ,Fernandez Chimeno , Francisco Romero. IB - 96212 , a novel cytotoxic macrolide produced by a marine Micromonospora. I.Taxonomy , fermentation , isolation , and biological activities . J Antibiot , 2000 ,53(5): 474–474.
[57] Rudaia SM,Soloveva NK. Production of taitomycin by culture 3354-1 fromActinoplanes..Arch.Microbiol, 1970 ,15(6):486-90
[58] Saitou N ,Nei M. The Neighbor joining method :a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic tree. Mol Biol Evol ,1987 ,4:406-42
[59] Seok Won Yoon, aIn Young Park, Bo Hwa Sohn, Jaehyouk Lee, Woon Hyung Yeo, Young Ik Lee. A new compound from Micromonospora sp. SA246,9-hydroxycrisamicin-A, activates hepatitis B virus replication. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2004, 319: 859–865.
[60] Shafiee A, Harris G, Motamedi H, Rosenbach M, Chen T,.Zink D,Heimbuch B. Microbial hydroxylation of rustmicin galbonolide A and galbonolide B, two antifungal products produced by Micromonospora sp.. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 2001, 11: 237–242.
[61] Stackebrandt E, Liesack W. Nucleic acids and Classification. In:Goodfellow M, O'Donell A Ged. Handbook of New Bactrial Systematics.London: Academic Press Ltd. 1993.
[62] Tamura T,Hayakawa M ,Hatano k. A new genus of the order Actinomycetales,Virgosporangium gen.nov.,with descriptions of Virgosporangium ochraceum sp.nov.and Virgosporangium aurantiacum sp.nov.Int J Syst Evol Microbiol,2001,51: 1809-1816.
[63] Thiemann JE, Beretta G, Coronelli C, Pagani H . Antibiotic production by new form-genera of the Actinomycetales; II. Antibiotic A/672 isolated from a new species of Actinoplanes: Actinoplanes brasiliensis nov. spec. Journal of Antibiotics, 1969, 22:119-125.
[64] Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F.. The Clustal X windows interface :flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research ,1997 ,24(4):876–488.
[65] Tomohiko Tamura, Masayuki Hayakawa , Kazunori Hatano. A new genus of the order Actinomycetales,Virgosporangium gen. nov., with descriptions of Virgosporangium ochraceum sp. nov. and Virgosporangium aurantiacum sp. nov.. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2001, 51: 1809–1816
[66] Tracy J. Mincer, Paul R. Jensen, Christopher A. Kauffman, William Fenical. Widespread and Persistent Populations of a Major New Marine Actinomycete Taxon in Ocean Sediments. Applied and environmental microbiology, 2002, 68(10): 5005–5011.
[67] Tracy J. Mincer, William Fenical, and Paul R. Jensen. Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Diversity within the obligate Marine Actinomycete Genus Salinispora. Applied and environmental microbiology, 2005, 71(11): 7019–7028
[68] Wagman GH,Weinsten M J.Antibiotic from Micromonospora.Annu Rev Microbiologe, 1980,34: 537-557
[69] Weinstein MJ, Marquez JA, Testa RT, Wagman GH, Oden EM, Waitz JA. Antibiotic 6640, a new Micromonospora-produced aminoglycoside antibiotic. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1970 ,23(11):551–554.
[70] Wu R W. Studies on the microbial ecology of Tansui Estuary.. Botanical Bulletin of Academia sinica. 1993, 34(1): 13–30.
[71] Yojiro Anzai, Natsumi Saito, Michiyasu Tanaka, Kenji Kinoshita, Yasumasa Koyama,Fumio Kato. Organization of the biosynthetic gene cluster for the polyketide macrolide mycinamicin in Micromonospora griseorubida. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2003, 218: 135-141
[72] Zenova GM, Zvyagintsev DG. Actinomycetes of the Genus Micromonospora in Meadow Ecosystems. Microbiology, 2002, 71(5): 570-574.