低功耗手持式心电图仪显示模块的设计与实现
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摘要
心电图仪是对心血管、心脏病患者监护的必备工具之一，并且以迅猛的速度发展。
本课题提出的“手持式心电图仪”，是一款手持式、低功耗、低成本，但功能完善的心电图设备。该心电图监护仪按功能划分为显示和远程传送模块、存储和控制模块以及采集和处理模块，分别以C8051F120、C8051F340和C8051F360微控制器为核心，通过UART接口互联。
本文着重论述了显示模块的软硬件设计和实现。以实现低功耗、低成本液晶模块为目标，通过与目前市面上的几种类似的产品及其实现方案的比较，阐述了如何选择微控制器和LCD，从而得出选择C8051F120微控制器为显示模块芯片：拥有100MIPS，低功耗，低电压，8K的片内RAM以及外部存储器接口EMIF和数模转换器(DAC)；选择西铁城的K3247H-FL作为显示模块的液晶：低电压，低功耗。
软件设计方面，本文主要完成了以下几个方面的内容：1、LCD驱动信号的实现，2、文件分配表((file allocation table，FAT)、调色板的实现以及对XRAM的不同操作，3、显示汉字、半角、点、垂线和直线这几种基本函数的实现，4、友好的人机交互界面。
主程序采用了任务优先级前后台方式实现，充分保证了实时性。中断服务程序(ISR)发送或接收命令和心电数据。此外，通过判断系统是否掉电复位，可以重新获得启动界面Logo，通过键盘控制，用户可以进行界面之间的切换以及文件目录操作、设置采集参数和显示采集的波形等。
The ECG device is one of the essential tools which the heart patients with cerebrovascular disease use for monitoring which develops rapidly.
In this paper, we present a handled ECG device, which is low-power consumption, low-cost and has the whole basic functions of a typical ECG device. It has three functional modules, which are distance transmission and display, storage, sample and data processing. We used C8051F120, C8051F340 and C8051F360 to realize the three modules, and connected them through UART.
The emphasis of this paper is the software and hardware design and realization of display of the device. for the aim of realizing low-power consumption、low-cost LCD module, through comparing by similar goods and its realization scheme in the market, expatiate how to choose MCU and LCD, and get the conclusion of choose C8051F120MCU for display module chip, it holds 100MIPS, low-power, low-voltage, on-chip RAM which capacity is 8k and external memory interface(EMIF) and digital to analog converter(DAC); and choose CITIZEN K3247H-FL for the display module LCD: which is low-power consumption, low-voltage.
In Software design, the paper mainly completes several aspects hereinafter: the first is the realization of driver signal of LCD, the second is the realization of FAT, palette and different operation to the XRAM, the third is the realization of display Chinese characters, DBC case, point, horizontal line and vertical line; the fourth is friendly human-computer interface.
The main routine is adopted preemptive and foreground/background task scheduled, and guarantee the real-time requirement. The ISR (interrupt service routine) receives and decides the command and data from storage module, besides, through judging system whether is power-fail reset, could get initialization interface logo again, consumer could switch from one interface to another, operate file content and set ECG parameters and display sample signal by key-press.
本课题提出的“手持式心电图仪”，是一款手持式、低功耗、低成本，但功能完善的心电图设备。该心电图监护仪按功能划分为显示和远程传送模块、存储和控制模块以及采集和处理模块，分别以C8051F120、C8051F340和C8051F360微控制器为核心，通过UART接口互联。
本文着重论述了显示模块的软硬件设计和实现。以实现低功耗、低成本液晶模块为目标，通过与目前市面上的几种类似的产品及其实现方案的比较，阐述了如何选择微控制器和LCD，从而得出选择C8051F120微控制器为显示模块芯片：拥有100MIPS，低功耗，低电压，8K的片内RAM以及外部存储器接口EMIF和数模转换器(DAC)；选择西铁城的K3247H-FL作为显示模块的液晶：低电压，低功耗。
软件设计方面，本文主要完成了以下几个方面的内容：1、LCD驱动信号的实现，2、文件分配表((file allocation table，FAT)、调色板的实现以及对XRAM的不同操作，3、显示汉字、半角、点、垂线和直线这几种基本函数的实现，4、友好的人机交互界面。
主程序采用了任务优先级前后台方式实现，充分保证了实时性。中断服务程序(ISR)发送或接收命令和心电数据。此外，通过判断系统是否掉电复位，可以重新获得启动界面Logo，通过键盘控制，用户可以进行界面之间的切换以及文件目录操作、设置采集参数和显示采集的波形等。
The ECG device is one of the essential tools which the heart patients with cerebrovascular disease use for monitoring which develops rapidly.
In this paper, we present a handled ECG device, which is low-power consumption, low-cost and has the whole basic functions of a typical ECG device. It has three functional modules, which are distance transmission and display, storage, sample and data processing. We used C8051F120, C8051F340 and C8051F360 to realize the three modules, and connected them through UART.
The emphasis of this paper is the software and hardware design and realization of display of the device. for the aim of realizing low-power consumption、low-cost LCD module, through comparing by similar goods and its realization scheme in the market, expatiate how to choose MCU and LCD, and get the conclusion of choose C8051F120MCU for display module chip, it holds 100MIPS, low-power, low-voltage, on-chip RAM which capacity is 8k and external memory interface(EMIF) and digital to analog converter(DAC); and choose CITIZEN K3247H-FL for the display module LCD: which is low-power consumption, low-voltage.
In Software design, the paper mainly completes several aspects hereinafter: the first is the realization of driver signal of LCD, the second is the realization of FAT, palette and different operation to the XRAM, the third is the realization of display Chinese characters, DBC case, point, horizontal line and vertical line; the fourth is friendly human-computer interface.
The main routine is adopted preemptive and foreground/background task scheduled, and guarantee the real-time requirement. The ISR (interrupt service routine) receives and decides the command and data from storage module, besides, through judging system whether is power-fail reset, could get initialization interface logo again, consumer could switch from one interface to another, operate file content and set ECG parameters and display sample signal by key-press.
引文
[1] 郭继鸿，张萍．动态心电图学[M]．北京．人民卫生出版社．2003
[2] 李志平，张福利，马学博．心电研究与现代心电图检测法建立的历史回顾[J]．中华医史杂志．1999．第29卷．第4期
[3] 王保华，心电技术面向未来—纪念心电图机发明100周年[J]．中国医疗器械杂志．2003．第六期
[4] 高健，C51语言与图形点阵液晶显示模块FM12864I的接口控制技术．国外电子元器件，2002(5)：59～63
[5] 何立民，MCS—51单片机应用系统设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，1995
[6] 朱彦军，BMP位图文件的存储格式。电脑编程技巧与维护，2003．11
[7] 张友德，单片微型机．上海：复旦大学出版社，2000
[8] 沈绪榜，何立民主编2001嵌入式系统及单片机国际学术交流会论文集北京航空航天大学出版社，2001：362—367
[9] 金炯泰等．如何使用KEIL 8051 C编译器．北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[10] 马忠梅等．单片机C语言Windows环境编程宝典．北京航空航天大学出版社，2003
[11] 郭慧青．便携式心电测试仪的软件设计及其相关理论的研究[D]．北京交通大学，2005．4
[12] 陈连坤．嵌入式系统的设计与开发[M]．清华大学出版社，北京交通大学出版社．2005
[13] 曹柏荣等，单片机原理及应用技术，中国民航出版社，2003，7
[14] Wayne Wolf．孙玉芳等．嵌入式计算系统设计原理[M]．机械工业出版社．2002
[15] Silicon Laboratories Inc.C8051F120 Development Kit User's Guide.www.silabs.com
[16] SAMSUNG Electronics. KgF1208U0M Data Sheet rev03.www.samsung.com
[17] SAMSUNG Electronics. S3C2410X Data Sheet rev03.www.samsung.com
[18] 徐爱钧，彭秀华．单片机高级语言C51应用程序设计[M]．北京：电子工业出版社，1998．6
[19] Citizen Inc.K3247H-FL.http://www.jzx51.com
[2] 李志平，张福利，马学博．心电研究与现代心电图检测法建立的历史回顾[J]．中华医史杂志．1999．第29卷．第4期
[3] 王保华，心电技术面向未来—纪念心电图机发明100周年[J]．中国医疗器械杂志．2003．第六期
[4] 高健，C51语言与图形点阵液晶显示模块FM12864I的接口控制技术．国外电子元器件，2002(5)：59～63
[5] 何立民，MCS—51单片机应用系统设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，1995
[6] 朱彦军，BMP位图文件的存储格式。电脑编程技巧与维护，2003．11
[7] 张友德，单片微型机．上海：复旦大学出版社，2000
[8] 沈绪榜，何立民主编2001嵌入式系统及单片机国际学术交流会论文集北京航空航天大学出版社，2001：362—367
[9] 金炯泰等．如何使用KEIL 8051 C编译器．北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[10] 马忠梅等．单片机C语言Windows环境编程宝典．北京航空航天大学出版社，2003
[11] 郭慧青．便携式心电测试仪的软件设计及其相关理论的研究[D]．北京交通大学，2005．4
[12] 陈连坤．嵌入式系统的设计与开发[M]．清华大学出版社，北京交通大学出版社．2005
[13] 曹柏荣等，单片机原理及应用技术，中国民航出版社，2003，7
[14] Wayne Wolf．孙玉芳等．嵌入式计算系统设计原理[M]．机械工业出版社．2002
[15] Silicon Laboratories Inc.C8051F120 Development Kit User's Guide.www.silabs.com
[16] SAMSUNG Electronics. KgF1208U0M Data Sheet rev03.www.samsung.com
[17] SAMSUNG Electronics. S3C2410X Data Sheet rev03.www.samsung.com
[18] 徐爱钧，彭秀华．单片机高级语言C51应用程序设计[M]．北京：电子工业出版社，1998．6
[19] Citizen Inc.K3247H-FL.http://www.jzx51.com