湿法炼锌过程中锌铁分离与铁资源利用
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摘要
为有效利用硫化锌精矿中的铁资源,避免铁渣堆存对生态环境的污染,并进-步提高铟、锌回收率,本论文提出了“湿法炼锌过程中锌铁分离与铁资源利用”的新工艺,采用“浸出-锌精矿还原-置换除铜-中和沉铟-深度净化-水热法沉铁-铁氧体制备”的流程处理来宾冶炼厂现有炼锌工艺产出的高酸浸出渣,并进行了系统研究,得出了一些有意义的结果：
高浸渣浸出前采用硫酸化焙烧预处理可提高金属浸出率,Zn、Fe、In的浸出率均达96%以上,各金属平衡较好,Ag、Sn、Pb等有价金属在浸出渣中富集；浸出液用锌精矿还原,Fe3+还原率可达96.25%以上；还原后液用铁粉置换除铜,除铜率达99.7%以上,Fe3+含量降至小于0.2g·L-1；除铜后液用碱式碳酸锌中和沉铟,In沉淀率为96.55%,铟渣品位达3%以上；将沉铟后液进行深度净化,经硫化与中和除杂后,硅含量降至0.008g·L-1；以净化液为原料进行水热法沉铁,沉铁率达90.73%以上,与Fe2+结合的硫酸根可再生为硫酸返回浸出工序使用；所得赤铁矿粉经水洗与煅烧预处理脱杂后符合YHT3级软磁铁氧体用铁红标准,所制备的低功耗软磁铁氧体的平均初始磁导率达到TDK公司PC40和PC30产品质量标准。
Aimed at value-added utilization of iron resource in sphalerite concentrate and complete elimination of environmental pollution caused by waste ferric residue heaping, a new process for iron-zinc separation and iron resource utilization was proposed in present dissertation. Using the process of "leaching--reduction by zinc concentrate--cementation for copper removal--neutralizing for precipitation of indium--deep cleaning-separate zinc and iron with hydrothermal method--prepare Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite" to deal with the high-leaching residue produced by Laibin smelter. Theoretical and technical studies were carried out in detail and some meaningful conclusions were obtained.
The experimental results show that the leaching ratio of Zn, Fe and In is higher than 96% by pretreat the high-leaching residue with sulfation roasting befor leaching. Using sphalerite concentrate as reductive reagent, the reduction ratio of Fe3+is 96.25%. The removing ratio of Cu2+ is 99.7% in the process of iron powder cementation. And the content of Fe3+ reduced to less than 0.2g·L-1. When neutralization precipitating indium using basic zinc carbonate as neutralizer, the average precipitation ratio of indium is about 96.55%.The average content of indium in In-enriched residue was more than 3%. After deep purification, the content of Si reduced to 0.008g·L-1. The precipitation ratio of iron can reach 90.73% by hydrothermal method. Sulfuric acid is vegenerated simultaneously and recycled back to acid leaching operation. After water washing and calcinations, hematite powder obtained meets the requirement of YHT3 level of ferric oxide used as soft magnetic ferrite raw materials. It can be used to prepare lower losses Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite. The average initial permeability of the lower losses Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite meets PC40 and PC30 product quality standards of the TDK Company.
高浸渣浸出前采用硫酸化焙烧预处理可提高金属浸出率,Zn、Fe、In的浸出率均达96%以上,各金属平衡较好,Ag、Sn、Pb等有价金属在浸出渣中富集；浸出液用锌精矿还原,Fe3+还原率可达96.25%以上；还原后液用铁粉置换除铜,除铜率达99.7%以上,Fe3+含量降至小于0.2g·L-1；除铜后液用碱式碳酸锌中和沉铟,In沉淀率为96.55%,铟渣品位达3%以上；将沉铟后液进行深度净化,经硫化与中和除杂后,硅含量降至0.008g·L-1；以净化液为原料进行水热法沉铁,沉铁率达90.73%以上,与Fe2+结合的硫酸根可再生为硫酸返回浸出工序使用；所得赤铁矿粉经水洗与煅烧预处理脱杂后符合YHT3级软磁铁氧体用铁红标准,所制备的低功耗软磁铁氧体的平均初始磁导率达到TDK公司PC40和PC30产品质量标准。
Aimed at value-added utilization of iron resource in sphalerite concentrate and complete elimination of environmental pollution caused by waste ferric residue heaping, a new process for iron-zinc separation and iron resource utilization was proposed in present dissertation. Using the process of "leaching--reduction by zinc concentrate--cementation for copper removal--neutralizing for precipitation of indium--deep cleaning-separate zinc and iron with hydrothermal method--prepare Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite" to deal with the high-leaching residue produced by Laibin smelter. Theoretical and technical studies were carried out in detail and some meaningful conclusions were obtained.
The experimental results show that the leaching ratio of Zn, Fe and In is higher than 96% by pretreat the high-leaching residue with sulfation roasting befor leaching. Using sphalerite concentrate as reductive reagent, the reduction ratio of Fe3+is 96.25%. The removing ratio of Cu2+ is 99.7% in the process of iron powder cementation. And the content of Fe3+ reduced to less than 0.2g·L-1. When neutralization precipitating indium using basic zinc carbonate as neutralizer, the average precipitation ratio of indium is about 96.55%.The average content of indium in In-enriched residue was more than 3%. After deep purification, the content of Si reduced to 0.008g·L-1. The precipitation ratio of iron can reach 90.73% by hydrothermal method. Sulfuric acid is vegenerated simultaneously and recycled back to acid leaching operation. After water washing and calcinations, hematite powder obtained meets the requirement of YHT3 level of ferric oxide used as soft magnetic ferrite raw materials. It can be used to prepare lower losses Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite. The average initial permeability of the lower losses Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite meets PC40 and PC30 product quality standards of the TDK Company.
引文
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