自锚式悬索桥主缆锚固区受力性能试验研究
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摘要
自锚式悬索桥以其造型美观、经济、适应性强等优点,越来越受到工程界的青睐,在国内外,已有多座自锚式悬索桥建成或处在建造中。主缆锚固区是自锚式悬索桥的关键部位,主缆的集中力将通过这一部位传递到主梁上使锚固区的受力状态十分复杂。因此,自锚式悬索桥主缆锚固区节段受力性能分析一直受到桥梁界的瞩目,主缆锚固区也是自锚式悬索桥设计和施工的难点和关键。本文以广州市猎德大桥为背景,对主缆锚固区节段进行详尽的理论分析和可靠的1:4大比例模型试验研究。主要工作和成果如下:
(1)介绍了自锚式悬索桥的发展历史和国内外的应用现状,总结了自锚式悬索桥的构造特点和受力特征,并分类总结了国内外典型自锚式悬索桥的锚固构造。
(2)介绍了国内锚固结构的试验,并对试验研究的成果进行了探讨,总结了试验的经验和规律,指出了试验研究存在的问题和发展趋势。
(3)利用ANSYS软件对主缆锚固区节段实桥和试验模型进行详尽的空间有限元分析,考察锚固区的应力分布和变形状况。
(4)进行了主缆锚固区节段的模型试验,明确该节段的实际受力和变形情况,并将试验结果和理论分析结果进行了比较,从而验证理论分析的准确性,检验设计的安全性和可靠性,同时也为大桥的施工提供了直接指导。
Self-anchored suspension bridges are increasingly appreciated by engineers for their aesthetic look, low cost and high adaptability. Many self-anchored suspension bridges have been completed or are in construction in the world. The anchorage zone of main cable is a key part for self-anchored suspension bridges, where the concentrated force of main cable will be transferred to the girder that make the strength state very complicated in this area. Therefore, analysis of strength performance at anchorage zone segment of self-anchored suspension bridge main cable has been attracted attention in bridge engineering all the time and anchorage zone of main cable is also the difficult and important part in designing and constructing of self-anchored suspension bridges. Based on Lie De Bridge at GuangZhou, clear numerical analysis and reliable large scale(1:4) model test for anchorage zone of main cable on girde were carried out in this paper. The main works and results in this paper is described as follows:
(1) This paper introduces phylogeny and application actuality inland and abroad, summarizes the construction and forcing charactertistic. Also, the typical anchorage structures inland and abroad are summarized.
(2) This paper introduces model tests of anchorage structures inland, discusses the harvest of experimental research, summarizes the experience and rule of model tests, and indicates the existed problems and developing trend of experimental research.
(3) This paper utilizes ANSYS to analyze the anchorage zone segment of main cable in the actual bridge and experimental model, and investigate stress distribution and deformation at the area.
(4) Model test of the anchorage zone segment of main cable was done to clear the strength performance and deformation at the segment. Through comparison of the experiment results and the finite element analysis result of the model, the correctness of theoretical analysisi is verified and it is validates that this anchorage system is safe and reliable. At the same time the results can direct the construction of the bridge.
(1)介绍了自锚式悬索桥的发展历史和国内外的应用现状,总结了自锚式悬索桥的构造特点和受力特征,并分类总结了国内外典型自锚式悬索桥的锚固构造。
(2)介绍了国内锚固结构的试验,并对试验研究的成果进行了探讨,总结了试验的经验和规律,指出了试验研究存在的问题和发展趋势。
(3)利用ANSYS软件对主缆锚固区节段实桥和试验模型进行详尽的空间有限元分析,考察锚固区的应力分布和变形状况。
(4)进行了主缆锚固区节段的模型试验,明确该节段的实际受力和变形情况,并将试验结果和理论分析结果进行了比较,从而验证理论分析的准确性,检验设计的安全性和可靠性,同时也为大桥的施工提供了直接指导。
Self-anchored suspension bridges are increasingly appreciated by engineers for their aesthetic look, low cost and high adaptability. Many self-anchored suspension bridges have been completed or are in construction in the world. The anchorage zone of main cable is a key part for self-anchored suspension bridges, where the concentrated force of main cable will be transferred to the girder that make the strength state very complicated in this area. Therefore, analysis of strength performance at anchorage zone segment of self-anchored suspension bridge main cable has been attracted attention in bridge engineering all the time and anchorage zone of main cable is also the difficult and important part in designing and constructing of self-anchored suspension bridges. Based on Lie De Bridge at GuangZhou, clear numerical analysis and reliable large scale(1:4) model test for anchorage zone of main cable on girde were carried out in this paper. The main works and results in this paper is described as follows:
(1) This paper introduces phylogeny and application actuality inland and abroad, summarizes the construction and forcing charactertistic. Also, the typical anchorage structures inland and abroad are summarized.
(2) This paper introduces model tests of anchorage structures inland, discusses the harvest of experimental research, summarizes the experience and rule of model tests, and indicates the existed problems and developing trend of experimental research.
(3) This paper utilizes ANSYS to analyze the anchorage zone segment of main cable in the actual bridge and experimental model, and investigate stress distribution and deformation at the area.
(4) Model test of the anchorage zone segment of main cable was done to clear the strength performance and deformation at the segment. Through comparison of the experiment results and the finite element analysis result of the model, the correctness of theoretical analysisi is verified and it is validates that this anchorage system is safe and reliable. At the same time the results can direct the construction of the bridge.
引文
[1] 雷俊卿,郑明珠,徐恭义. 悬索桥设计. 人民交通出版社,2001
[2] 周孟波,刘自明,王邦楣. 悬索桥手册. 人民交通出版社,2003
[3] John A.Ochsendorf,David P.Billington. Self-Anchored Suspension Bridges. Journal of Bridge Engineering. 1999,4(3), 151-155
[4] 颜娟. 自锚式悬索桥. 国外桥梁 2002 (1):19-22
[5] 张哲,窦鹏,石磊等. 自锚式悬索桥的发展综述. 世界桥梁,2003,1
[6] Bleich, H. Die Berechnung Verankerter Hangebrucken, Berlin, 1935
[7] 刘建新,胡兆同. 大跨度吊桥. 北京:人民交通出版社,1996 年
[8] Pugsley A. Theoretical Analysis of Suspension Bridges. 2nd, Ed, 1968
[9] M.Kamei,T.Maruyama,H.Tanaka. Japan Konohana Bridge. Japan,国际桥协(IABSE ) Stnictural Engineering International SEI, 1992, 2(1)
[10] Ho-Kyung Kim, Myeong-Jae lee, Sung-Pil Chang. Determination of hanger installation procedure for a self-anchored suspension bridge. ENGINEERING STRUCTURES, 2005
[11] 陈德荣. 悬索桥综述[Z] . 交通部公路科学研究所,1993
[12] 颜娟 编译. 自锚式悬索桥[J] . 国外桥梁,2002,No.1:19-22
[13] 铁道部大桥工程局桥梁科学研究所编. 悬索桥. 北京:科学技术文献出版社,1996.10
[14] 严国敏. 现代悬索桥. 北京:人民交通出版社,1999 年
[15] 周孟波. 悬索桥设计手册. 人民交通出版社,2003.9
[16] 乔东祥. 自锚式悬索桥建造概况介绍. 公路工程与运输,2004,8
[17] 张哲. 混凝土自锚式悬索桥. 第 1 版,北京:人民交通出版社,2005 年:5-6
[18] 林星,雷俊卿. 自锚式悬索桥桥式特点与发展初探. 城市道桥与防洪,2005年第 4 期:46-49
[19] 张元凯,肖汝诚,金成棣. 自锚式悬索桥的设计. 桥梁建设,2002(5):30-32
[20] 孙立刚. 抚顺万新大桥设计计算与锚固跨分析研究:[大连理工大学硕士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学土木工程学院,2004,1-64
[21] 魏华,陈妙统,徐栋. 国内最大跨径钢筋混凝土主梁自锚式悬索桥永康市溪心桥施工控制. 结构工程师 2004(3):77-82
[22] 铁道部大桥局桥梁科学研究所. 悬索桥. 北京科学技术文献出版社,1996,1-28
[23] 徐惠纯. 桂林市丽泽自锚式悬索桥施工技术. 铁道标准设计,2004,(4),29-31
[24] 甘科. 桂林丽君桥主缆、吊杆施工技术. 施工技术,2003,32(9):40-41
[25] 胡建华,向建军,廖建宏. 独塔自锚式悬索桥构思—佛山市平胜大桥方案设计. 见:第十六届全国桥梁学术会议论文集,北京:人民交通出版社,2004,142-147
[26] 张明. 天津第一座自锚式悬索桥—子牙河大桥简介. 天津建设科技,2004(2):22-23
[27] Masahide Oka, Itsuo Shigemi, Hirosgi Tanaka, etal. Design Details of Mono-cable and Self-anchored Suspension Bridge with Inclined Hangers“Hokko Bridge(Provisio nal Name)”. Hitachi Zosen Technical Review,1987,48(2): 130-143 in Japanese
[28] Heung Gil, Youngjae Choi. Cable Erection Test at Splay Band For Spatial Suspension Bridge. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2002, 7(5): 300-307
[29] John Sun, Rafael Manzanarez, Marwan Nader. Design of Looping Anchorage System for New San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge Main Suspension Span. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2002, 7(6): 315-324
[30] John Sun,Rafael Manzanarez, Marwan Nader. Suspension Cable Design of the New San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2004, 9(1):101-106
[31] 楼庄鸿. 自锚式悬索桥. 中外公路,2002,22(3):49-51
[32] 刘仲波,张海龙,陈伟. 旧金山-奥克兰海湾新桥的主缆设计. 世界桥梁,2004,(1):5-8
[33] 邓军. 自锚式悬索桥主缆系统计算和锚固区试验研究:[湖南大学硕士学位论文]. 长沙:湖南大学土木工程学院,2006
[34] 邱文亮. 自锚式悬索桥非线性分析和试验研究:[大连理工大学博士学位论文]. 大连:大连理工大学,2004
[35] 叶梅新,蒋彪. 混合型自锚式悬索桥连接部位传力研究. 铁道工程与科学学报,2006,(6)
[36] 刘庆宽,王新敏,强士中. 南京长江二桥南汊桥索梁锚固足尺模型试验研究. 西南交大土木工程学报,2001,(4)
[37] 满洪高,李乔,张育智. 斜拉桥索梁锚固结构疲劳试验模型设计优化. 东南大学学报,2007,(3)
[38] 单炜. 异形截面斜拉桥索塔锚固区节段受力性能研究:[东北林业大学博士论文]. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2005
[39] 彭苗,陈升平,余天庆等. 巴东长江大桥索塔锚固区节段模型试验与空间应力分析. 武汉理工大学学报,2004,(10)
[40] 过镇海. 钢筋混凝土原理. 北京:清华大学出版社,1999,91-107,73-90
[41] 陈惠发,余天庆,王勋文等译. 土木工程材料的本构方程. 武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001,192-204
[42] 陈惠发,A. F.萨里普,余天庆等. 混凝土和土的本构方程. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004: 6-39,217-223
[43] 过镇海. 混凝土的强度:变形试验基础和本构关系. 北京:清华大学出版社,1997, 1-86
[44] 江见鲸,陆新征,叶列平. 钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析. 北京:清华大学出版社,2004,144-176
[45] 沈聚敏,王传志,江见鲸. 钢筋混凝土有限元与板壳极限分析. 北京:清华大学出版,1993,1-9
[46] 黄涌,卞龙. 均布荷载下的钢筋混凝土梁的非线性分析. 铁道建筑技术,2003,(2): 33-35
[47] ANSYS Theory Manual, ANSYS 10.0 Help System
[48] 陈红媛,房贞政. 钢筋混凝土组合柱一钢梁结构中柱节点受力性能研究. 福州大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(4):460-465
[49] 王国强. 实用工程数值分析模拟技术及其在 ANSYS 上的实践. 西安:西北工业大学出版社,1999,102-156
[50] 郝文化,叶裕,刘春山等. ANSYS 土木工程应用实例. 北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005,77-85
[2] 周孟波,刘自明,王邦楣. 悬索桥手册. 人民交通出版社,2003
[3] John A.Ochsendorf,David P.Billington. Self-Anchored Suspension Bridges. Journal of Bridge Engineering. 1999,4(3), 151-155
[4] 颜娟. 自锚式悬索桥. 国外桥梁 2002 (1):19-22
[5] 张哲,窦鹏,石磊等. 自锚式悬索桥的发展综述. 世界桥梁,2003,1
[6] Bleich, H. Die Berechnung Verankerter Hangebrucken, Berlin, 1935
[7] 刘建新,胡兆同. 大跨度吊桥. 北京:人民交通出版社,1996 年
[8] Pugsley A. Theoretical Analysis of Suspension Bridges. 2nd, Ed, 1968
[9] M.Kamei,T.Maruyama,H.Tanaka. Japan Konohana Bridge. Japan,国际桥协(IABSE ) Stnictural Engineering International SEI, 1992, 2(1)
[10] Ho-Kyung Kim, Myeong-Jae lee, Sung-Pil Chang. Determination of hanger installation procedure for a self-anchored suspension bridge. ENGINEERING STRUCTURES, 2005
[11] 陈德荣. 悬索桥综述[Z] . 交通部公路科学研究所,1993
[12] 颜娟 编译. 自锚式悬索桥[J] . 国外桥梁,2002,No.1:19-22
[13] 铁道部大桥工程局桥梁科学研究所编. 悬索桥. 北京:科学技术文献出版社,1996.10
[14] 严国敏. 现代悬索桥. 北京:人民交通出版社,1999 年
[15] 周孟波. 悬索桥设计手册. 人民交通出版社,2003.9
[16] 乔东祥. 自锚式悬索桥建造概况介绍. 公路工程与运输,2004,8
[17] 张哲. 混凝土自锚式悬索桥. 第 1 版,北京:人民交通出版社,2005 年:5-6
[18] 林星,雷俊卿. 自锚式悬索桥桥式特点与发展初探. 城市道桥与防洪,2005年第 4 期:46-49
[19] 张元凯,肖汝诚,金成棣. 自锚式悬索桥的设计. 桥梁建设,2002(5):30-32
[20] 孙立刚. 抚顺万新大桥设计计算与锚固跨分析研究:[大连理工大学硕士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学土木工程学院,2004,1-64
[21] 魏华,陈妙统,徐栋. 国内最大跨径钢筋混凝土主梁自锚式悬索桥永康市溪心桥施工控制. 结构工程师 2004(3):77-82
[22] 铁道部大桥局桥梁科学研究所. 悬索桥. 北京科学技术文献出版社,1996,1-28
[23] 徐惠纯. 桂林市丽泽自锚式悬索桥施工技术. 铁道标准设计,2004,(4),29-31
[24] 甘科. 桂林丽君桥主缆、吊杆施工技术. 施工技术,2003,32(9):40-41
[25] 胡建华,向建军,廖建宏. 独塔自锚式悬索桥构思—佛山市平胜大桥方案设计. 见:第十六届全国桥梁学术会议论文集,北京:人民交通出版社,2004,142-147
[26] 张明. 天津第一座自锚式悬索桥—子牙河大桥简介. 天津建设科技,2004(2):22-23
[27] Masahide Oka, Itsuo Shigemi, Hirosgi Tanaka, etal. Design Details of Mono-cable and Self-anchored Suspension Bridge with Inclined Hangers“Hokko Bridge(Provisio nal Name)”. Hitachi Zosen Technical Review,1987,48(2): 130-143 in Japanese
[28] Heung Gil, Youngjae Choi. Cable Erection Test at Splay Band For Spatial Suspension Bridge. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2002, 7(5): 300-307
[29] John Sun, Rafael Manzanarez, Marwan Nader. Design of Looping Anchorage System for New San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge Main Suspension Span. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2002, 7(6): 315-324
[30] John Sun,Rafael Manzanarez, Marwan Nader. Suspension Cable Design of the New San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2004, 9(1):101-106
[31] 楼庄鸿. 自锚式悬索桥. 中外公路,2002,22(3):49-51
[32] 刘仲波,张海龙,陈伟. 旧金山-奥克兰海湾新桥的主缆设计. 世界桥梁,2004,(1):5-8
[33] 邓军. 自锚式悬索桥主缆系统计算和锚固区试验研究:[湖南大学硕士学位论文]. 长沙:湖南大学土木工程学院,2006
[34] 邱文亮. 自锚式悬索桥非线性分析和试验研究:[大连理工大学博士学位论文]. 大连:大连理工大学,2004
[35] 叶梅新,蒋彪. 混合型自锚式悬索桥连接部位传力研究. 铁道工程与科学学报,2006,(6)
[36] 刘庆宽,王新敏,强士中. 南京长江二桥南汊桥索梁锚固足尺模型试验研究. 西南交大土木工程学报,2001,(4)
[37] 满洪高,李乔,张育智. 斜拉桥索梁锚固结构疲劳试验模型设计优化. 东南大学学报,2007,(3)
[38] 单炜. 异形截面斜拉桥索塔锚固区节段受力性能研究:[东北林业大学博士论文]. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2005
[39] 彭苗,陈升平,余天庆等. 巴东长江大桥索塔锚固区节段模型试验与空间应力分析. 武汉理工大学学报,2004,(10)
[40] 过镇海. 钢筋混凝土原理. 北京:清华大学出版社,1999,91-107,73-90
[41] 陈惠发,余天庆,王勋文等译. 土木工程材料的本构方程. 武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001,192-204
[42] 陈惠发,A. F.萨里普,余天庆等. 混凝土和土的本构方程. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004: 6-39,217-223
[43] 过镇海. 混凝土的强度:变形试验基础和本构关系. 北京:清华大学出版社,1997, 1-86
[44] 江见鲸,陆新征,叶列平. 钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析. 北京:清华大学出版社,2004,144-176
[45] 沈聚敏,王传志,江见鲸. 钢筋混凝土有限元与板壳极限分析. 北京:清华大学出版,1993,1-9
[46] 黄涌,卞龙. 均布荷载下的钢筋混凝土梁的非线性分析. 铁道建筑技术,2003,(2): 33-35
[47] ANSYS Theory Manual, ANSYS 10.0 Help System
[48] 陈红媛,房贞政. 钢筋混凝土组合柱一钢梁结构中柱节点受力性能研究. 福州大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(4):460-465
[49] 王国强. 实用工程数值分析模拟技术及其在 ANSYS 上的实践. 西安:西北工业大学出版社,1999,102-156
[50] 郝文化,叶裕,刘春山等. ANSYS 土木工程应用实例. 北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005,77-85