螺旋状预埋件周边的应力应变分析
摘要
螺旋状预埋件在机械、建筑等领域,有着广泛的应用。比如边坡加固中的锚杆、固定用的地脚螺栓、钢筋混凝土中的螺纹钢等。表面带有螺旋状凸棱的材料有很多,如螺纹钢、螺旋状碳纤维、螺旋状纳米碳管等。虽然螺旋状预埋件的应用广泛,但是关于螺旋状预埋件及其周边的应力应变分析的定量分析在国内外的研究却很少,在研究时往往通过试验获得数据,然后进行定性分析,或者将其螺旋状的表面近似成光滑的表面进行计算。
针对上述问题,本课题以有限元的基本思想为指导,以有限元分析软件ANSYS为工具,对螺旋状预埋件及其基体周边的应力应变情况进行了分析。论文中第一章对课题的背景、意义、研究目的及研究现状做了阐述。第二章讲述了有限元法的产生、发展、基本思想及求解步骤,还简单介绍了有限元分析软件ANSYS。第三章论述了螺旋状预埋件及其基体的参数化建模与分析的基本过程。第四章讨论了预埋件的各个参数对其应力应变的影响,并绘制了相应的应力应变曲线。第五章对全文进行了总结和进一步工作展望。利用本课题完成的螺旋状预埋件周边的应力应变分析,做到了分析过程的可视化以及参数化建模与分析的智能化,可以随意组合基体和螺旋状预埋件,随意更改它们的形状及尺寸、材质,为今后进行其他类型的预埋件的应力应变问题的解决奠定了较为全面的基础。
Spiral-shaped embedded parts have wide application in the machinery and construction field. For example, the anchor rod used in the slope reinforcement, fixed use of anchor bolt, the rebar in the reinforced concrete and so on. There are many materials have spiral prism on their surface, for example, rebar, spiral carbon fiber, spiral nanometer carbon tube etc. Although the spiral parts is widely used, there is very few studies on the spiral buries parts and in the vicinity of the stress and strain analysis, and when studies on the force, often approximates the spiral surface to the smooth surface in computing, or obtains through experiments.
In view of above questions, this paper use the finite element basic ideology as the guide, using the finite element analysis software ANSYS as tool, analyses the spiral buries parts and the stress and strain in the vicinity. In the paper, the first chapter expatiates the background, meaning, purpose of the study and the present research condition of this topic; the second chapter describes the generation, development, basic idea and solving steps of the finite element method, also simply introduces the basic idea of the ANSYS which is one of the finite element analysis software; the third chapter narrated the buries parts and the basic processes of the basic parametric modeling and analysis; the fourth chapter discusses the impact of the various parameters of the buries parts on the stress-strain, and draws the corresponding stress-strain curve; the fifth chapter make a summary of the whole paper, and carries a forecast to the following work. Making use of the completed stress-strain analysis of the spiral-shape embedded parts, attains the visualization of the analysis process, parametric modeling, and intelligence analysis, matrix and spiral-shaped embedded parts can be arbitrarily combined, their shape, size and material can be changed arbitrarily, establishes a more comprehensive foundation for other types of the spiral-shape embedded parts stress and the Strain analysis in the future.
针对上述问题,本课题以有限元的基本思想为指导,以有限元分析软件ANSYS为工具,对螺旋状预埋件及其基体周边的应力应变情况进行了分析。论文中第一章对课题的背景、意义、研究目的及研究现状做了阐述。第二章讲述了有限元法的产生、发展、基本思想及求解步骤,还简单介绍了有限元分析软件ANSYS。第三章论述了螺旋状预埋件及其基体的参数化建模与分析的基本过程。第四章讨论了预埋件的各个参数对其应力应变的影响,并绘制了相应的应力应变曲线。第五章对全文进行了总结和进一步工作展望。利用本课题完成的螺旋状预埋件周边的应力应变分析,做到了分析过程的可视化以及参数化建模与分析的智能化,可以随意组合基体和螺旋状预埋件,随意更改它们的形状及尺寸、材质,为今后进行其他类型的预埋件的应力应变问题的解决奠定了较为全面的基础。
Spiral-shaped embedded parts have wide application in the machinery and construction field. For example, the anchor rod used in the slope reinforcement, fixed use of anchor bolt, the rebar in the reinforced concrete and so on. There are many materials have spiral prism on their surface, for example, rebar, spiral carbon fiber, spiral nanometer carbon tube etc. Although the spiral parts is widely used, there is very few studies on the spiral buries parts and in the vicinity of the stress and strain analysis, and when studies on the force, often approximates the spiral surface to the smooth surface in computing, or obtains through experiments.
In view of above questions, this paper use the finite element basic ideology as the guide, using the finite element analysis software ANSYS as tool, analyses the spiral buries parts and the stress and strain in the vicinity. In the paper, the first chapter expatiates the background, meaning, purpose of the study and the present research condition of this topic; the second chapter describes the generation, development, basic idea and solving steps of the finite element method, also simply introduces the basic idea of the ANSYS which is one of the finite element analysis software; the third chapter narrated the buries parts and the basic processes of the basic parametric modeling and analysis; the fourth chapter discusses the impact of the various parameters of the buries parts on the stress-strain, and draws the corresponding stress-strain curve; the fifth chapter make a summary of the whole paper, and carries a forecast to the following work. Making use of the completed stress-strain analysis of the spiral-shape embedded parts, attains the visualization of the analysis process, parametric modeling, and intelligence analysis, matrix and spiral-shaped embedded parts can be arbitrarily combined, their shape, size and material can be changed arbitrarily, establishes a more comprehensive foundation for other types of the spiral-shape embedded parts stress and the Strain analysis in the future.
引文
[1]陈秀琴,元岛栖二.微旋管状碳纤维的微细构造和表面特性.材料导报,2000,14(9):56-59.
[2]Iijima S.helical microtubules of graphitic carbon.Nature,1991,354:56-58.
[3]陈一匡,徐鸿辉,熊琪等.催化裂解法制备螺旋状碳纳米管的实验研究.汕头大学学报,2003,18(2):30-34.
[4]阜新煤矿学院编.煤矿掘进技术译文—锚杆支护.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1976.
[5]西罔哲.有关锚杆及垫板作用效果的试验.隧道译丛,1989,(10):55-62.
[6]程良奎,刘启琛.岩土锚固工程技术的应用与发展—国际岩土锚固技术研讨会论文集.北京:万国学术出版社,1996.260-264.
[7]Zhang K,Wang Y Q and Zhou B L.Biomimetic study on helical fiber composites.Journal of Materials Science & Technology,1998,14:29-32.
[8]Naaman A E.Engineered steel fibers with optical properties for reinforcement of cement composites.Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology,2003,1(3):241-251.
[9]荣冠,朱焕春,周创兵.螺纹钢与圆钢锚杆工作机理对比试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(3):469-475.
[10]Gustavsonr.Experimenta lstudies of the bond response of three wire strand sandsome influence ingparameters.Material sand Structures,2004,37(3):96-106.
[11]Naamanae.Engineered steel fibers with optical properties for reinforcement of cement composites.Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology,2003,1(3):241-251.
[12]管品武.冷轧扭钢筋材性与锚固性能试验研究.郑州:郑州工业大学土木建筑学院,1997.
[13]管品武,徐有邻,刘立新.冷轧扭钢筋锚固性能的试验研究.郑州工业大学学报,1997,18(1):9-11.
[14]张钧林.冷轧扭钢筋表面螺旋效应的研究.混凝土与水泥制品,1993,(6):51-59.
[15]梁福康.冷轧扭钢筋混凝土结构的现状和发展前景.建筑技术.1999,29(8):531-533.
[16]British Standards Institution.Specification for Cold worked steel for the refinforcement of concrete,1978.
[17]张钧林.冷轧扭钢筋及其混凝土结构的设计与施工.上海:同济大学出版社,2000.
[18]Antoine E.Naaman.Engineered Steel Fibers with Optical Properties for Reinforcement of Cement Composites.Joumal of Advanced Concrete Technology,2003:11.
[19]F.Knap.Drawing of square twisted wire,Joumal of Materal Processing Technology,1996:60.
[20]徐雅君,杨新法,董希满.螺旋钢丝锚固性能的研究.金属制品,1999,25(2):25-27.
[21]Zhang K,Wang Y Q,Zhou B L.Biomimetic study on helical fiber composite.J Mat Sci tech,1998:14.
[22]张钧林,周搏.螺旋扭状增强材料在国内外的研究与应用.混凝土与水泥制品,2005,(5):35-39.
[23]张钧林,周搏,吴科如.螺旋扭状增强材料与螺旋效应研究综述材料力学.建筑材料学报,2003,9(1):59-65.
[24]Daryl L,Logan著.伍义生,吴永礼等译.有限元方法基础教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[25]赵恒华,高兴军.ANSYS软件及应用.制造业自动化,2004,26(5):20-23.
[26]朱伯芳.有限单元法原理与应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2000.
[27]郝文化.ANSYS土木工程应用实例.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[28]梅向明,黄敬之.微分几何.北京:北京高等教育出版社,1988.
[29]Hrennikoff A.Solution of problems in elasticity by frame work method.Joumal of Applied Mechanics,1941,8(4):169-175.
[30]McHenry D.A Lattice analogy for the solution of plane stress problems.Journal of Institution of Civil Engineers,1943,21:59-82.
[31]Courant R.Variational methods for the Solution of problems of equilibrium and vibrations.Bulletin of the American Mathematical Socity,1943,49:1-23.
[32]Levy S.Computation of influence coefficients for aircraft structures with discontinuities and sweepback.Journal of Aeronautical Sciences,1947,14(10):547-560.
[33]Levy S.Structural analysis and influence coefficients for delta wings.Journal of Aeronautical Sciences,1953,20(7):449-454.
[34]Argyris J H.Energy theorems and structural analysis.Aircraft Engineering,1954.
[35]Martin H C.Plane elasticity problems and the direct stiffness method.The Trend in Engineering,1961,13:5-19.
[36]Gallagher R H,Padlog J,Bijlaard P P.Stress analysis of heated complex shapes.Journal of the American Rocked Society,1962,32:700-707.
[37]Melosh R J.Plane analysis of solids.Journal of the Structural Division,Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers,1963:205-223.
[38]马奎兴.有限元及软件ANSYS简介.水利科技与经济,2004,10(3):190.
[39]段进,倪栋,王国业.ANSYS10.0结构分析从入门到精通.北京:北京科海电子出版社,2006.
[40]颜云辉,谢里阳,韩清凯.结构分析中的有限单元法及其应用.沈阳:东北大学出版社,2000.
[41]王华倩.大型通用有限元分析软件——ANSYS计算机辅助设计与制造(专题),1998:16-17.
[42]赵均海,汪梦甫.弹性力学及有限元.武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2003.
[43]刘世忠.基于ANSYS的钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析.四川建筑,2006,26(2):92-95.
[44]王磊,李珊,周陶勇.基于ANSYS的几种建模方法的探讨.现代机械,2006,(3):51-52.
[45]朱彤,尹明德.基于ANSYS的滚珠联轴器的有限元分析.机械制造与研究,2005,34(1)31-34.
[46]石金彦,雷文平,王海涛等.ANSYS中建立有限元模型的方法.水利电力机械,2005,27(2):42-44
[47]Armstrong C G.Modeling requirement for finite element analysis.Computer aided design,1994,26(7):573-578.
[48]叶尚辉.建立有限元模型的一般方法.电子机械工程,1999,(6):17-21.
[49]杨秀萍,王鹏林.基于ANSYS APDL语言的零件参数化有限元分析.组合机床与自动化加工技术,2005,(11):10-11,16.
[50]张剑.AutoCAD与ANSYS接口设计.力学季刊,2005,26(2):1.
[51]龙靖宇,吴小珍.基于ANSYS的偏轨箱形主梁参数化建模.武汉科技大学学报,2003,26(1):58-59,78.
[52]桑楠.ANSYS软件参数化建模研究.拖拉机与农用运输车,2006,33(6):81-82.
[53]张晓丽,李德建,李明鹏.ANSYS软件二次开发技术的应用.重庆工学院学报,2007,21(1):11-14,21.
[54]陈伟,何飞,温卫东.基于结构参数化的有限元分析方法.机械科学与技术,2003,3(6):948-950.
[55]胡人喜,王庆五,闫石等编著.ANSYS8.2机械设计高级应用实例.北京:机械工业出版,2005.
[56]博弈创作室.APDL参数化有限元分析技术及其应用实例.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[57]崔苗,杜文风.ANSYS的APDL参数化建模.微计算机应用,2006,27(5):635-637.
[58]曙光.ANSYS基础应用及范例分析.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[59]博弈创作室.ANSYS9.0经典产品基础教程与实例讲解.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[60]王凤丽,宋健良,谭光宇等.在ANSYS中建立复杂有限元模型.哈尔滨理工大学学报,2003,8(3):22-25.
[61]孙迎霞.斜航式法向圆弧螺旋锥齿轮强度的有限元分析:(硕士学位论文).大连:大连理工大学,2005.
[2]Iijima S.helical microtubules of graphitic carbon.Nature,1991,354:56-58.
[3]陈一匡,徐鸿辉,熊琪等.催化裂解法制备螺旋状碳纳米管的实验研究.汕头大学学报,2003,18(2):30-34.
[4]阜新煤矿学院编.煤矿掘进技术译文—锚杆支护.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1976.
[5]西罔哲.有关锚杆及垫板作用效果的试验.隧道译丛,1989,(10):55-62.
[6]程良奎,刘启琛.岩土锚固工程技术的应用与发展—国际岩土锚固技术研讨会论文集.北京:万国学术出版社,1996.260-264.
[7]Zhang K,Wang Y Q and Zhou B L.Biomimetic study on helical fiber composites.Journal of Materials Science & Technology,1998,14:29-32.
[8]Naaman A E.Engineered steel fibers with optical properties for reinforcement of cement composites.Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology,2003,1(3):241-251.
[9]荣冠,朱焕春,周创兵.螺纹钢与圆钢锚杆工作机理对比试验研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(3):469-475.
[10]Gustavsonr.Experimenta lstudies of the bond response of three wire strand sandsome influence ingparameters.Material sand Structures,2004,37(3):96-106.
[11]Naamanae.Engineered steel fibers with optical properties for reinforcement of cement composites.Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology,2003,1(3):241-251.
[12]管品武.冷轧扭钢筋材性与锚固性能试验研究.郑州:郑州工业大学土木建筑学院,1997.
[13]管品武,徐有邻,刘立新.冷轧扭钢筋锚固性能的试验研究.郑州工业大学学报,1997,18(1):9-11.
[14]张钧林.冷轧扭钢筋表面螺旋效应的研究.混凝土与水泥制品,1993,(6):51-59.
[15]梁福康.冷轧扭钢筋混凝土结构的现状和发展前景.建筑技术.1999,29(8):531-533.
[16]British Standards Institution.Specification for Cold worked steel for the refinforcement of concrete,1978.
[17]张钧林.冷轧扭钢筋及其混凝土结构的设计与施工.上海:同济大学出版社,2000.
[18]Antoine E.Naaman.Engineered Steel Fibers with Optical Properties for Reinforcement of Cement Composites.Joumal of Advanced Concrete Technology,2003:11.
[19]F.Knap.Drawing of square twisted wire,Joumal of Materal Processing Technology,1996:60.
[20]徐雅君,杨新法,董希满.螺旋钢丝锚固性能的研究.金属制品,1999,25(2):25-27.
[21]Zhang K,Wang Y Q,Zhou B L.Biomimetic study on helical fiber composite.J Mat Sci tech,1998:14.
[22]张钧林,周搏.螺旋扭状增强材料在国内外的研究与应用.混凝土与水泥制品,2005,(5):35-39.
[23]张钧林,周搏,吴科如.螺旋扭状增强材料与螺旋效应研究综述材料力学.建筑材料学报,2003,9(1):59-65.
[24]Daryl L,Logan著.伍义生,吴永礼等译.有限元方法基础教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[25]赵恒华,高兴军.ANSYS软件及应用.制造业自动化,2004,26(5):20-23.
[26]朱伯芳.有限单元法原理与应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2000.
[27]郝文化.ANSYS土木工程应用实例.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[28]梅向明,黄敬之.微分几何.北京:北京高等教育出版社,1988.
[29]Hrennikoff A.Solution of problems in elasticity by frame work method.Joumal of Applied Mechanics,1941,8(4):169-175.
[30]McHenry D.A Lattice analogy for the solution of plane stress problems.Journal of Institution of Civil Engineers,1943,21:59-82.
[31]Courant R.Variational methods for the Solution of problems of equilibrium and vibrations.Bulletin of the American Mathematical Socity,1943,49:1-23.
[32]Levy S.Computation of influence coefficients for aircraft structures with discontinuities and sweepback.Journal of Aeronautical Sciences,1947,14(10):547-560.
[33]Levy S.Structural analysis and influence coefficients for delta wings.Journal of Aeronautical Sciences,1953,20(7):449-454.
[34]Argyris J H.Energy theorems and structural analysis.Aircraft Engineering,1954.
[35]Martin H C.Plane elasticity problems and the direct stiffness method.The Trend in Engineering,1961,13:5-19.
[36]Gallagher R H,Padlog J,Bijlaard P P.Stress analysis of heated complex shapes.Journal of the American Rocked Society,1962,32:700-707.
[37]Melosh R J.Plane analysis of solids.Journal of the Structural Division,Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers,1963:205-223.
[38]马奎兴.有限元及软件ANSYS简介.水利科技与经济,2004,10(3):190.
[39]段进,倪栋,王国业.ANSYS10.0结构分析从入门到精通.北京:北京科海电子出版社,2006.
[40]颜云辉,谢里阳,韩清凯.结构分析中的有限单元法及其应用.沈阳:东北大学出版社,2000.
[41]王华倩.大型通用有限元分析软件——ANSYS计算机辅助设计与制造(专题),1998:16-17.
[42]赵均海,汪梦甫.弹性力学及有限元.武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2003.
[43]刘世忠.基于ANSYS的钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元分析.四川建筑,2006,26(2):92-95.
[44]王磊,李珊,周陶勇.基于ANSYS的几种建模方法的探讨.现代机械,2006,(3):51-52.
[45]朱彤,尹明德.基于ANSYS的滚珠联轴器的有限元分析.机械制造与研究,2005,34(1)31-34.
[46]石金彦,雷文平,王海涛等.ANSYS中建立有限元模型的方法.水利电力机械,2005,27(2):42-44
[47]Armstrong C G.Modeling requirement for finite element analysis.Computer aided design,1994,26(7):573-578.
[48]叶尚辉.建立有限元模型的一般方法.电子机械工程,1999,(6):17-21.
[49]杨秀萍,王鹏林.基于ANSYS APDL语言的零件参数化有限元分析.组合机床与自动化加工技术,2005,(11):10-11,16.
[50]张剑.AutoCAD与ANSYS接口设计.力学季刊,2005,26(2):1.
[51]龙靖宇,吴小珍.基于ANSYS的偏轨箱形主梁参数化建模.武汉科技大学学报,2003,26(1):58-59,78.
[52]桑楠.ANSYS软件参数化建模研究.拖拉机与农用运输车,2006,33(6):81-82.
[53]张晓丽,李德建,李明鹏.ANSYS软件二次开发技术的应用.重庆工学院学报,2007,21(1):11-14,21.
[54]陈伟,何飞,温卫东.基于结构参数化的有限元分析方法.机械科学与技术,2003,3(6):948-950.
[55]胡人喜,王庆五,闫石等编著.ANSYS8.2机械设计高级应用实例.北京:机械工业出版,2005.
[56]博弈创作室.APDL参数化有限元分析技术及其应用实例.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[57]崔苗,杜文风.ANSYS的APDL参数化建模.微计算机应用,2006,27(5):635-637.
[58]曙光.ANSYS基础应用及范例分析.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[59]博弈创作室.ANSYS9.0经典产品基础教程与实例讲解.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[60]王凤丽,宋健良,谭光宇等.在ANSYS中建立复杂有限元模型.哈尔滨理工大学学报,2003,8(3):22-25.
[61]孙迎霞.斜航式法向圆弧螺旋锥齿轮强度的有限元分析:(硕士学位论文).大连:大连理工大学,2005.