有限元在分析纱线毛羽减除机理上的应用
摘要
纱线的毛羽过多,不仅影响后续工序的顺利进行,而且影响产品质量。一般认为,纱线的毛羽生成于纺纱工序,增长于络筒工序。随着络筒机速度的不断提高,如何控制高速络筒机毛羽的增长幅度,成为人们关注的一个问题。科学技术的发展,使气流,尤其是高速气流,被越来越广泛的应用到纺织生产中。
国内外的研究人员通过在细纱机或者是络筒机上安装一个气流喷嘴,利用气流喷嘴内高速气流的作用减少纱线的毛羽。前面的研究工作中,也曾设计了一个减羽喷嘴,通过实验证实,在络筒机上安装减羽喷嘴以后,在一定程度上降低了纱线毛羽的增长幅度。但是,这些研究工作主要基于实验的研究,并没对减羽喷嘴内的高速气流的运动状态进行全面分析,也就无法解释纱线在经过减羽喷嘴时毛羽的减除机理。
在本课题中,主要包括三部分:一是减羽喷嘴内气流状态的数值模拟,二是模拟喷嘴的设计和安装,三是模拟喷嘴内纱线运动状态的研究。
1.在合理简化的基础上,利用有限元软件ANSYS中的CFD功能,对减羽喷嘴三维简化模型内高速气流进行了数值模拟。模拟的结果显示减羽喷嘴内的气流以涡流状运动。
2.为了捕捉喷嘴内纱线的运动状态,根据雷诺数相似的原则,将喷嘴的尺寸放大五倍,并用有机玻璃制作模拟喷嘴,安装在1332络筒机上。
3.利用柯达高速摄影技术,在不同纱道直径和气压条件下,捕捉减羽喷嘴内纱线的运动状态,发现纱线在减羽喷嘴中的运动是圆柱螺旋运动,也就是纱线在气流的作用下,形成气圈,边向上运动边旋转,以圆柱螺旋状前进,这一点与理论分析相符。
综上所述,纱线毛羽的减少,主要是由于纱线在经过减羽喷嘴时受到涡流的作用。纱线在涡流的作用下形成气圈,并以圆柱螺旋状前进的过程中,利用“假捻—解捻—包缠”原理,纱线的毛羽被包缠进纱体,毛羽减少。
If yarn hairiness is too much, it not only affects the following process, but also affects the quality of product. Yarn hairiness generally arises in spinning process and increases in winding process. With the enhancing of winding machine speed, how to control the hairiness increasing extent on the high speed winding machine becomes a problem. Developments in science and technology have made airflow, especially high speed airflow, widely used in textile production.
Researchers around the world use the high speed airflow in air-jet to reduce yarn hairiness by installing an air-jet on spinning machine or winding machine. In the anterior research, a reducing hairiness jet is designed and installed on winding machine; it is proved by experiment that yarn hairiness increasing extent is reduced. But the research was mostly based on experiment, and the movement state of high speed airflow in the reducing hairiness jet is not full analyzed, so the hairiness-decreasing principle can't be explained.
There are mainly three parts in this study: first, the digital simulation of the high speed airflow in the reducing nozzle; second, designing and installing of the simulated nozzle; and third, the study on the yarn's movement in the simulated nozzle.
1. Based on reasonable simplification, the digital simulation of the high speed airflow in the three model of the reducing nozzle is done with the ANSYS CFD. The result shows that the airflow in the reducing hairiness jet is vortex.
2.Magnifying dimension of the nozzle with five times according to the principle of Reynolds number similar to catch the yarn's movement in the nozzle, the simulated nozzle which made of organic glass was installed on the 1332 winding machine.
3. Use KONDAK high speed photography to catch the yarn's movement in the reducing hairiness jet in different yarn path diameter and air press. The yarn moves as the shape of column-helical in the reducing hairiness jet, that is to say, under the effect of airflow, the yarn forms air loops, going upwards while rotating in column-helical way, which is in line with the theory analysis.
On the whole, it seems that the reduction of yarn hairiness mostly attributes to the function of vortex when the yarn gets through the reducing hairiness jet. Vortex makes the yarn to form air loops, moving in column-helical way. In this process, yarn hairiness is wrapped into yarn body so that yarn hairiness decreases.
国内外的研究人员通过在细纱机或者是络筒机上安装一个气流喷嘴,利用气流喷嘴内高速气流的作用减少纱线的毛羽。前面的研究工作中,也曾设计了一个减羽喷嘴,通过实验证实,在络筒机上安装减羽喷嘴以后,在一定程度上降低了纱线毛羽的增长幅度。但是,这些研究工作主要基于实验的研究,并没对减羽喷嘴内的高速气流的运动状态进行全面分析,也就无法解释纱线在经过减羽喷嘴时毛羽的减除机理。
在本课题中,主要包括三部分:一是减羽喷嘴内气流状态的数值模拟,二是模拟喷嘴的设计和安装,三是模拟喷嘴内纱线运动状态的研究。
1.在合理简化的基础上,利用有限元软件ANSYS中的CFD功能,对减羽喷嘴三维简化模型内高速气流进行了数值模拟。模拟的结果显示减羽喷嘴内的气流以涡流状运动。
2.为了捕捉喷嘴内纱线的运动状态,根据雷诺数相似的原则,将喷嘴的尺寸放大五倍,并用有机玻璃制作模拟喷嘴,安装在1332络筒机上。
3.利用柯达高速摄影技术,在不同纱道直径和气压条件下,捕捉减羽喷嘴内纱线的运动状态,发现纱线在减羽喷嘴中的运动是圆柱螺旋运动,也就是纱线在气流的作用下,形成气圈,边向上运动边旋转,以圆柱螺旋状前进,这一点与理论分析相符。
综上所述,纱线毛羽的减少,主要是由于纱线在经过减羽喷嘴时受到涡流的作用。纱线在涡流的作用下形成气圈,并以圆柱螺旋状前进的过程中,利用“假捻—解捻—包缠”原理,纱线的毛羽被包缠进纱体,毛羽减少。
If yarn hairiness is too much, it not only affects the following process, but also affects the quality of product. Yarn hairiness generally arises in spinning process and increases in winding process. With the enhancing of winding machine speed, how to control the hairiness increasing extent on the high speed winding machine becomes a problem. Developments in science and technology have made airflow, especially high speed airflow, widely used in textile production.
Researchers around the world use the high speed airflow in air-jet to reduce yarn hairiness by installing an air-jet on spinning machine or winding machine. In the anterior research, a reducing hairiness jet is designed and installed on winding machine; it is proved by experiment that yarn hairiness increasing extent is reduced. But the research was mostly based on experiment, and the movement state of high speed airflow in the reducing hairiness jet is not full analyzed, so the hairiness-decreasing principle can't be explained.
There are mainly three parts in this study: first, the digital simulation of the high speed airflow in the reducing nozzle; second, designing and installing of the simulated nozzle; and third, the study on the yarn's movement in the simulated nozzle.
1. Based on reasonable simplification, the digital simulation of the high speed airflow in the three model of the reducing nozzle is done with the ANSYS CFD. The result shows that the airflow in the reducing hairiness jet is vortex.
2.Magnifying dimension of the nozzle with five times according to the principle of Reynolds number similar to catch the yarn's movement in the nozzle, the simulated nozzle which made of organic glass was installed on the 1332 winding machine.
3. Use KONDAK high speed photography to catch the yarn's movement in the reducing hairiness jet in different yarn path diameter and air press. The yarn moves as the shape of column-helical in the reducing hairiness jet, that is to say, under the effect of airflow, the yarn forms air loops, going upwards while rotating in column-helical way, which is in line with the theory analysis.
On the whole, it seems that the reduction of yarn hairiness mostly attributes to the function of vortex when the yarn gets through the reducing hairiness jet. Vortex makes the yarn to form air loops, moving in column-helical way. In this process, yarn hairiness is wrapped into yarn body so that yarn hairiness decreases.
引文
[1]薛少林,纱线毛羽的成因与控制(上)[J],棉纺织技术,2002,30(11):58-62
[2]朗军,林兰天,周静,纱线毛羽的分布及络筒工序对纱线毛羽的影响[J],上海纺织科技,2002,30(6):17-19
[3]鲍力民,纱线毛羽不匀与织物外观[J],纺织学报,1998,(5):43-46
[4]A.Barella,Yarn hairiness:Further Developments[J],J.Text.Inst,1987,78(2):133-139
[5]许德生,纱线毛羽与喷气织机效率关系探讨[J],纺织学报,1997,(3):17-20
[6]徐少范,棉纺质量控制[M],北京:纺织工业出版社,2002,205-238
[7]狄剑锋,陈怡星,新型纺纱产品开发[M],北京:中国纺织出版社,1998,218-238:312-313
[8]Dash J.R.Ishtique,S.M.Alagirusamy R.,Properties and Processibility of Compact Yarns[J],Indian Journal of Fiber & Textile Research,2002,27(4):362-368
[9]K.Ramach andralu,S.N.Subramanian,Magnetic compacting of ring yarn[J],Asia Textile,2004,12(3):36-37
[10]赵博,薛少林,减少络纱毛羽的进一步研究[J],棉纺织技,2001,29(3):143-14
[11]Rust.J.P,Peykamian.S,Yam hairiness and the process of winding[J],Textile Research Journal,1992,62(11):685-689
[12]X.Wang,Studies of JetRing Spinning Part Ⅰ:Reducing Yarn Hairiness with the JetRing[J],Textile Res J.,1997,67(4):253-258
[13]A.R.Kalyanaraman,A Process to Control Hairiness in Yarn[J],J.Text.Inst,1992,83(3):407-413
[14]Boong.Soo.Jeon,Effect of an Air-Suction Nozzle on Hairiness and Quality,Textile Res J.,2000,70(11):1019-1024
[15]X.Wang,Reducing,Yam Hairiness with an Air-jet Attachment During Winding [J],Textile Res J.,1997,67(7):481-485
[16]Krishnaswamy.BTRA Scan.1990,21(8)
[17]EP1013803A2
[18]郎军.络纱工序纱线毛羽的研究[D],博士学位论文,东华大学,2004
[19]王庆五,左昉,胡仁喜等,ANSYS10.0机械设计高级应用实例(第二版),北京:机械工业出版社,2006,2-3
[20]倪栋,段进,徐久成等,通用有限元分析ANSYS7.0,北京:电子工业出版社,2003,2-6:459-460
[21]刘坤,ANSYS有限元方法精解,北京:国防工业出版社,2005,1-3
[22]王国强,实用工程数值模拟技术及其在ANSYS上的实践,西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001,48-65:221-254
[23]小飒工作室,最新经典ANSYS及Workbench教程,北京:电子工业出版社,2004.11-13:509-559
[24]顾伯洪,机织物拉伸的有限元模拟及应用,中国纺织大学学报,1998,(3):12-13
[25]顾洪波等,织编机机架固有频率的有限元分析,中国纺织大学学报,1989,(4):83-91
[26]马滏林,讨论轴动力学问题的动态有限元,中国纺织大学学报,1986,(5):73-77
[27]D W.Lloyd,Paper presented at the NATO.Advanced Study Institute.M echanics of Flexible Fiber Assemblies Kilini,Greece,1979:311-342
[28]顾伯洪,非织造布拉伸性能有限元,纺织学报,1998,(3):12-13
[29]盛颂恩等,纤维织物增强复合材料等效弹性常数的有限元预测,浙江工业大学学报,1999,(3):27-29
[30]Ito Makoto,Chou Tsuwei,Elastic moduli and stress field of plain--weave composites under tensile loading,Composite Science and Technology,1997,(57):787-800
[31]刑明杰,涡流纺流场的研究,纺织学报,1998,(5):268-272
[32]W.Oxenham.,Fiber Motion and Yam Forming in High Speed Air Flows,Annual Report to National Textile Center,October 1999
[33]L.X.Kong,R.A.Platfoot,Two--Dimensional Simulation of Air Flow in the Transfer Channel of Open--End Rotor Spinning Machines,Textile Res J.,1996,66(10):641-650
[34]Lawrence C A,Chen KZ,A Study of the Fiber--Transfer--Channel Design in Rotor-Spinning,Part1:The Fiber Trajectory,Textile Inst,1988,79:367-392
[35]A.Patnaik,R.S.Rengasamy,V.K.Kothari,H.Punekar,Airflow simulation in nozzle for hairiness reduction of ring spun yams.Part Ⅰ:influence of airflow direction,nozzle distance,and air pressure,Textile Inst,2006,97(1):89-96
[36]A.Patnaik,R.S.Rengasamy,V.K.Kothari,H.Punekar,Airflow simulation in nozzle for hairiness reduction of ring spun yams.Part Ⅱ:influence of nozzle parameters,Textile Inst,2006,97(1):97-101
[37]朱泽飞,林建忠,纤维状粒子在气流场中的受力状况研究,纺织学报,2000,21(5):272-275
[38]朱泽飞,林建忠,Pressure Gradient Force,Saffman Lift,and Magnus Lift on the Fiber-like Particle in Fluid.,Journal of China Textile Univ(Eng Ed),2000,17(2):23-27
[39]曾泳春,郁崇文,喷气纺喷嘴中气流流动的数值计算[J],东华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,28(5):11-16
[40]W.Oxenham,A.Basu,Effect of jet design on the properties of air-jet spun yams,Textile Res J.,1993,63(11):674-678
[41]高小平,降低筒纱毛羽的理论与应用研究[D],硕士学位论文,天津工业大学,2005
[42]王建坤,杨建成,高小平,降低络简纱毛羽的机理及实践[J],纺织学报,2006.(4):91-94
[43]张文赓,纺织气流问题[M].北京:纺织工业出版社,1989,227-240:256-272
[44]许维德.流体力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1979.58-63:219.
[45]郁崇文,张文赓,喷气纺喷嘴中气流场的分部规律[J],中国纺织大学学报,1996,22(4):47-49
[46]翟荣祖,工程流体力学[M],北京:纺织工业出版社,1985,276-286
[47]梁绍学,管靖,基础物理学(上册)[M],北京:高等教育出版,2002,202-212
[48]朱立康等,喷气纺纱喷嘴主要参数对喷嘴性能的影响及合理确定[J],纺织学报,1986,7(2):5-13
[49]张侦英,基于虚拟仪器与高速摄影技术的锯齿防堵装置测试系统研究[D],硕士学位论文,中国农业大学,2003
[50]颜峰,视频和红外线摄像监控系统[D],硕士学位论文,天津工业大学,2006
[51]Lawrence C A,Chert KZ,A Study of the Fiber-Transfer-Channel Design in Rotor--Spinning,Part1:The Fiber Trajectory[J],Textile Inst,1988,79:367-392
[52]Lunenschloss J,Coll-Tortosa L,Siersch E,Fiber Flow and Fiber Orientation in the Duct of an OE Rotor Spinning Machine[J].,Chemiefasern/Textilind,1976,26/78:E165-E169
[53]Wang Y,Carr WW,Cook FL,etc,Analysis of Fiber--Particle Airflow Interaction and its Application to the Development of a Novel Card-- spinning System[J].,National Textile Center,April 1999
[2]朗军,林兰天,周静,纱线毛羽的分布及络筒工序对纱线毛羽的影响[J],上海纺织科技,2002,30(6):17-19
[3]鲍力民,纱线毛羽不匀与织物外观[J],纺织学报,1998,(5):43-46
[4]A.Barella,Yarn hairiness:Further Developments[J],J.Text.Inst,1987,78(2):133-139
[5]许德生,纱线毛羽与喷气织机效率关系探讨[J],纺织学报,1997,(3):17-20
[6]徐少范,棉纺质量控制[M],北京:纺织工业出版社,2002,205-238
[7]狄剑锋,陈怡星,新型纺纱产品开发[M],北京:中国纺织出版社,1998,218-238:312-313
[8]Dash J.R.Ishtique,S.M.Alagirusamy R.,Properties and Processibility of Compact Yarns[J],Indian Journal of Fiber & Textile Research,2002,27(4):362-368
[9]K.Ramach andralu,S.N.Subramanian,Magnetic compacting of ring yarn[J],Asia Textile,2004,12(3):36-37
[10]赵博,薛少林,减少络纱毛羽的进一步研究[J],棉纺织技,2001,29(3):143-14
[11]Rust.J.P,Peykamian.S,Yam hairiness and the process of winding[J],Textile Research Journal,1992,62(11):685-689
[12]X.Wang,Studies of JetRing Spinning Part Ⅰ:Reducing Yarn Hairiness with the JetRing[J],Textile Res J.,1997,67(4):253-258
[13]A.R.Kalyanaraman,A Process to Control Hairiness in Yarn[J],J.Text.Inst,1992,83(3):407-413
[14]Boong.Soo.Jeon,Effect of an Air-Suction Nozzle on Hairiness and Quality,Textile Res J.,2000,70(11):1019-1024
[15]X.Wang,Reducing,Yam Hairiness with an Air-jet Attachment During Winding [J],Textile Res J.,1997,67(7):481-485
[16]Krishnaswamy.BTRA Scan.1990,21(8)
[17]EP1013803A2
[18]郎军.络纱工序纱线毛羽的研究[D],博士学位论文,东华大学,2004
[19]王庆五,左昉,胡仁喜等,ANSYS10.0机械设计高级应用实例(第二版),北京:机械工业出版社,2006,2-3
[20]倪栋,段进,徐久成等,通用有限元分析ANSYS7.0,北京:电子工业出版社,2003,2-6:459-460
[21]刘坤,ANSYS有限元方法精解,北京:国防工业出版社,2005,1-3
[22]王国强,实用工程数值模拟技术及其在ANSYS上的实践,西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001,48-65:221-254
[23]小飒工作室,最新经典ANSYS及Workbench教程,北京:电子工业出版社,2004.11-13:509-559
[24]顾伯洪,机织物拉伸的有限元模拟及应用,中国纺织大学学报,1998,(3):12-13
[25]顾洪波等,织编机机架固有频率的有限元分析,中国纺织大学学报,1989,(4):83-91
[26]马滏林,讨论轴动力学问题的动态有限元,中国纺织大学学报,1986,(5):73-77
[27]D W.Lloyd,Paper presented at the NATO.Advanced Study Institute.M echanics of Flexible Fiber Assemblies Kilini,Greece,1979:311-342
[28]顾伯洪,非织造布拉伸性能有限元,纺织学报,1998,(3):12-13
[29]盛颂恩等,纤维织物增强复合材料等效弹性常数的有限元预测,浙江工业大学学报,1999,(3):27-29
[30]Ito Makoto,Chou Tsuwei,Elastic moduli and stress field of plain--weave composites under tensile loading,Composite Science and Technology,1997,(57):787-800
[31]刑明杰,涡流纺流场的研究,纺织学报,1998,(5):268-272
[32]W.Oxenham.,Fiber Motion and Yam Forming in High Speed Air Flows,Annual Report to National Textile Center,October 1999
[33]L.X.Kong,R.A.Platfoot,Two--Dimensional Simulation of Air Flow in the Transfer Channel of Open--End Rotor Spinning Machines,Textile Res J.,1996,66(10):641-650
[34]Lawrence C A,Chen KZ,A Study of the Fiber--Transfer--Channel Design in Rotor-Spinning,Part1:The Fiber Trajectory,Textile Inst,1988,79:367-392
[35]A.Patnaik,R.S.Rengasamy,V.K.Kothari,H.Punekar,Airflow simulation in nozzle for hairiness reduction of ring spun yams.Part Ⅰ:influence of airflow direction,nozzle distance,and air pressure,Textile Inst,2006,97(1):89-96
[36]A.Patnaik,R.S.Rengasamy,V.K.Kothari,H.Punekar,Airflow simulation in nozzle for hairiness reduction of ring spun yams.Part Ⅱ:influence of nozzle parameters,Textile Inst,2006,97(1):97-101
[37]朱泽飞,林建忠,纤维状粒子在气流场中的受力状况研究,纺织学报,2000,21(5):272-275
[38]朱泽飞,林建忠,Pressure Gradient Force,Saffman Lift,and Magnus Lift on the Fiber-like Particle in Fluid.,Journal of China Textile Univ(Eng Ed),2000,17(2):23-27
[39]曾泳春,郁崇文,喷气纺喷嘴中气流流动的数值计算[J],东华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,28(5):11-16
[40]W.Oxenham,A.Basu,Effect of jet design on the properties of air-jet spun yams,Textile Res J.,1993,63(11):674-678
[41]高小平,降低筒纱毛羽的理论与应用研究[D],硕士学位论文,天津工业大学,2005
[42]王建坤,杨建成,高小平,降低络简纱毛羽的机理及实践[J],纺织学报,2006.(4):91-94
[43]张文赓,纺织气流问题[M].北京:纺织工业出版社,1989,227-240:256-272
[44]许维德.流体力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1979.58-63:219.
[45]郁崇文,张文赓,喷气纺喷嘴中气流场的分部规律[J],中国纺织大学学报,1996,22(4):47-49
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