基于GIS的区域科技发展空间结构与合作网络分析
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摘要
本文主要研究中国区域科技发展的空间结构与合作网络。论文从空间计量分析的角度,将地理信息系统(GIS)引入区域科技研究,以GIS、探索性空间分析方法和传统统计学方法为主要工具,建立区域科技发展空间差异的分析框架,定性分析中国区域科技布局的空间差异和动态不平衡性,分析及地图可视化科技布局空间演变模式;定量研究区域空间差异程度,考察我国区域科技空间差异与区域经济发展的不平衡性之间的关系,寻求后发地区依靠加快区域科技进步、实现跨越式发展的可能路径。
本文着重研究的问题包括如下几个方面:(1)中国区域科技空间差异及其演进过程。论文从科技投入与产出的角度确定科技发展空间差异的评价指标,构建基本分析框架。从地带层次直接比较科技投入产出的绝对差异,东部地区的各项指标均大幅领先于中部和西部地区。从省域层次通过CV系数和Theil指数分解的结果发现各省域的许多科技指标的空间差异还在不断扩大。通过对科技指标进行全局空间趋势分析后也发现中国的科技发展呈现出东高西低的特点。(2)中国区域科技发展的空间集聚与空间影响范围。从空间统计学的角度考察中国区域科技发展的空间集聚状况,北京和长三角地区是中国区域科技发展的集聚中心,东部沿海地区的科技集聚度较高,西北地区的科技集聚度最低,中部地区、西南地区以及东北地区的科技集聚度处于中间状态。Moran's I指数和LISA集聚分析的结果揭示中国区域科技发展的空间自相关性现象较为突出。通过对科技指标的乘积加权Voronoi分析研究区域科技发展的空间相互作用格局,随着更多地区,尤其是长三角和珠三角地区的科技迅猛发展,北京一枝独秀的局面有所打破。(3)区域科技合作网络分析。利用社会网络分析对中国省域高水平论文合作网络的密度、合作的核心-边缘结构,以及地理距离对地区间论文合作的影响进行了实证性的研究。(4)区域科技与区域经济发展关系的空间分析。主要分析中国区域科技和经济发展的匹配情况,随着时间的推移,区域科技和经济发展的匹配性不断增强。通过建立中国区域科技和经济发展的空间计量模型,研究中国区域科技投入对经济增长的影响程度。论文最后提出中国区域科技的不平衡发展战略选择,应该发挥区域科技集聚地的带动作用,加强区域科技合作,优化区域科技布局,实现区域科技与经济的协同发展。
This thesis mainly discussed the spatial structure and collaboration network of regional S&T in China. From the perspective of spatial econometrics, introducing Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to regional S&T study, and using GIS, Exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and traditional statistical methods, this thesis designed the research frame to analyisi the regional S&T development, made qualitative analysis of spatial analysis and dynamic imbalance of regional S&T geographical distribution, mapping the spatial evolution, and made quantitative analysis of the degree of difference, analyzed the correlation between the disequilibrium of region S&T spatial difference and economic development, in order to seek the possible route for developing regions to accelerate the S&T development and achieve the great-leap-forward development.
The main research questions include: (1) The spatial difference of regional S&T in China and its evolution. This thesis selected evaluating indicators from the perspective of S&T input and output, and then presented the research framework. Firstly the thesis compared the absolute difference of S&T inputs and outputs from the level of three zones, the results showed that the east zone is well ahead of middle and west zones. Then from the provincial leves, the results of CV index and Theil index show that the spatial difference of many S&T indicators are increasing. And the global spatial trend analysis also indicates the feature of high to low from the east to west. (2) The spatial clustering and spatial influence of regional S&T development in China. The thesis analyzed the spatial clustering of regional S&T development from the spatial statistics. Beiijng and Yangtze River Delta are two clustering centersm, the eastern coastal regions have high clustering degree, while the northwest is the lowest, the central provinces, southwest and northeast are at intermediate stage. The result of Moran's I and LISA clustering analysis indicates that there exists obvious spatial autocorrelation of regional S&T development. Using weighted Voronoi analysis, the spatial interacting structure was also studied. As more regions' rapid growth, especially Yangtz River Delta and Pearl River Delta, the Voronoi influence of Beijing reduced greatly. (3) Regional S&T collaboration network analysis. The thesis use social network analysis method to study the network density, core/periphery structure, and the influence of geographical distance to inter-regional collaboration of scientific papers. (4) The spatial analysis of regional S&T and regional economy. The matching situation of regional S&T and economy improved a lot along with the time. With the spatial econometric model, the thesis analyzed the influence of S&T input to economic growth. At the end, the author putforwarded the unblanced development strategy of regional S&T in China, when the regional S&T clustering centers should server as a driving force for other developing regions, the government should pay more attention to encrouge regional S&T collaboration, and optimize the regional S&T pattern, to make the coordinated development of regional S&T and economy.
本文着重研究的问题包括如下几个方面:(1)中国区域科技空间差异及其演进过程。论文从科技投入与产出的角度确定科技发展空间差异的评价指标,构建基本分析框架。从地带层次直接比较科技投入产出的绝对差异,东部地区的各项指标均大幅领先于中部和西部地区。从省域层次通过CV系数和Theil指数分解的结果发现各省域的许多科技指标的空间差异还在不断扩大。通过对科技指标进行全局空间趋势分析后也发现中国的科技发展呈现出东高西低的特点。(2)中国区域科技发展的空间集聚与空间影响范围。从空间统计学的角度考察中国区域科技发展的空间集聚状况,北京和长三角地区是中国区域科技发展的集聚中心,东部沿海地区的科技集聚度较高,西北地区的科技集聚度最低,中部地区、西南地区以及东北地区的科技集聚度处于中间状态。Moran's I指数和LISA集聚分析的结果揭示中国区域科技发展的空间自相关性现象较为突出。通过对科技指标的乘积加权Voronoi分析研究区域科技发展的空间相互作用格局,随着更多地区,尤其是长三角和珠三角地区的科技迅猛发展,北京一枝独秀的局面有所打破。(3)区域科技合作网络分析。利用社会网络分析对中国省域高水平论文合作网络的密度、合作的核心-边缘结构,以及地理距离对地区间论文合作的影响进行了实证性的研究。(4)区域科技与区域经济发展关系的空间分析。主要分析中国区域科技和经济发展的匹配情况,随着时间的推移,区域科技和经济发展的匹配性不断增强。通过建立中国区域科技和经济发展的空间计量模型,研究中国区域科技投入对经济增长的影响程度。论文最后提出中国区域科技的不平衡发展战略选择,应该发挥区域科技集聚地的带动作用,加强区域科技合作,优化区域科技布局,实现区域科技与经济的协同发展。
This thesis mainly discussed the spatial structure and collaboration network of regional S&T in China. From the perspective of spatial econometrics, introducing Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to regional S&T study, and using GIS, Exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and traditional statistical methods, this thesis designed the research frame to analyisi the regional S&T development, made qualitative analysis of spatial analysis and dynamic imbalance of regional S&T geographical distribution, mapping the spatial evolution, and made quantitative analysis of the degree of difference, analyzed the correlation between the disequilibrium of region S&T spatial difference and economic development, in order to seek the possible route for developing regions to accelerate the S&T development and achieve the great-leap-forward development.
The main research questions include: (1) The spatial difference of regional S&T in China and its evolution. This thesis selected evaluating indicators from the perspective of S&T input and output, and then presented the research framework. Firstly the thesis compared the absolute difference of S&T inputs and outputs from the level of three zones, the results showed that the east zone is well ahead of middle and west zones. Then from the provincial leves, the results of CV index and Theil index show that the spatial difference of many S&T indicators are increasing. And the global spatial trend analysis also indicates the feature of high to low from the east to west. (2) The spatial clustering and spatial influence of regional S&T development in China. The thesis analyzed the spatial clustering of regional S&T development from the spatial statistics. Beiijng and Yangtze River Delta are two clustering centersm, the eastern coastal regions have high clustering degree, while the northwest is the lowest, the central provinces, southwest and northeast are at intermediate stage. The result of Moran's I and LISA clustering analysis indicates that there exists obvious spatial autocorrelation of regional S&T development. Using weighted Voronoi analysis, the spatial interacting structure was also studied. As more regions' rapid growth, especially Yangtz River Delta and Pearl River Delta, the Voronoi influence of Beijing reduced greatly. (3) Regional S&T collaboration network analysis. The thesis use social network analysis method to study the network density, core/periphery structure, and the influence of geographical distance to inter-regional collaboration of scientific papers. (4) The spatial analysis of regional S&T and regional economy. The matching situation of regional S&T and economy improved a lot along with the time. With the spatial econometric model, the thesis analyzed the influence of S&T input to economic growth. At the end, the author putforwarded the unblanced development strategy of regional S&T in China, when the regional S&T clustering centers should server as a driving force for other developing regions, the government should pay more attention to encrouge regional S&T collaboration, and optimize the regional S&T pattern, to make the coordinated development of regional S&T and economy.
引文
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