多点套损井长井段密封加固修复工艺设计研究
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摘要
随着油田进入开采中后期，由于地下的复杂结构、地下的腐蚀环境以及材料的抗腐蚀能力等等不定因素的影响，常常会使一些油水井发生套管损坏的现象。
套损的修复便成了油田开发生产中重要的研究课题之一，虽然套损修复技术近几十年来已经有了很大的进步，但是随着油田的逐年开采，套损速度日益加快，套损程度日益严重，套损类型日趋复杂，这些现有工艺还是不能完全满足油田的不断变化的需要。研究经济有效的多点套损井长井段密封加固修复技术就成为目前修井领域亟待解决的课题。
多点套损井长井段密封加固修复工艺技术是综合分析原有的五种套损井修复工艺特点，结合目前油田现有的工艺技术和设备能力，开发设计出的一种既能全井任意深度范围内对复杂套损情况进行修复，而且充分利用普通的油田作业设备、工艺简单、操作方便、修复费用较低的套损修复新工艺。
本论文所做的主要研究工作是着重于对整个工艺过程的研究与设计，特别是对于该工艺的核心部件密封加固器的研究设计和理论计算。论文对相应的设计进行了实验设计。通过室内实验和现场施工，得到主要结论：这一修复方案是技术上可行、经济上受益显著的。
With the oil field entering the last production period, the casing damages of the oil production wells or the water injections became more and more general, because of the infection of the complex under-earth structure , corrosive environment, the anti-corrosion capacity of metals, and other unconfirmed factors. Casing repair have become one of the most important tasks in oil field exploring and production.
The casing repair technology has been promoting greatly in recent decades, but them still can not satisfy the requirement of new updating changes, for reason that with the oil produced year by year, casing damage is speeding up and damage degree is getting worse, types of casing damage is getting more complex. Developing an economic and valid pressurized and enhanced Casing Repair Technology for multiply casing damages with long damaged segment becomes the earnest issue in well repair area.
By analyzing the five kinds of former casing repair technology and considering the equipment capacity and technology used in oil field, a pressurized and enhanced Casing Repair Technology for multiply casing damages with long damaged segment is developed. This new technology can repair complex casing damages in any depth of well. Besides that, it has the following advantages: only the general equipments in the oil field are used, technology is simple, well servicing is convenient, cost repairing is economic.
The thesis focuses on the studies and designs of the general technology procedure, especially on the research of the pressurized anchor that is the key component of this technology. Several experimental rigs are designed to testify the functions of the technology. The experiment in lab and the implementation in worksite show that this casing repair technology is available in science and profitable in economy.
套损的修复便成了油田开发生产中重要的研究课题之一，虽然套损修复技术近几十年来已经有了很大的进步，但是随着油田的逐年开采，套损速度日益加快，套损程度日益严重，套损类型日趋复杂，这些现有工艺还是不能完全满足油田的不断变化的需要。研究经济有效的多点套损井长井段密封加固修复技术就成为目前修井领域亟待解决的课题。
多点套损井长井段密封加固修复工艺技术是综合分析原有的五种套损井修复工艺特点，结合目前油田现有的工艺技术和设备能力，开发设计出的一种既能全井任意深度范围内对复杂套损情况进行修复，而且充分利用普通的油田作业设备、工艺简单、操作方便、修复费用较低的套损修复新工艺。
本论文所做的主要研究工作是着重于对整个工艺过程的研究与设计，特别是对于该工艺的核心部件密封加固器的研究设计和理论计算。论文对相应的设计进行了实验设计。通过室内实验和现场施工，得到主要结论：这一修复方案是技术上可行、经济上受益显著的。
With the oil field entering the last production period, the casing damages of the oil production wells or the water injections became more and more general, because of the infection of the complex under-earth structure , corrosive environment, the anti-corrosion capacity of metals, and other unconfirmed factors. Casing repair have become one of the most important tasks in oil field exploring and production.
The casing repair technology has been promoting greatly in recent decades, but them still can not satisfy the requirement of new updating changes, for reason that with the oil produced year by year, casing damage is speeding up and damage degree is getting worse, types of casing damage is getting more complex. Developing an economic and valid pressurized and enhanced Casing Repair Technology for multiply casing damages with long damaged segment becomes the earnest issue in well repair area.
By analyzing the five kinds of former casing repair technology and considering the equipment capacity and technology used in oil field, a pressurized and enhanced Casing Repair Technology for multiply casing damages with long damaged segment is developed. This new technology can repair complex casing damages in any depth of well. Besides that, it has the following advantages: only the general equipments in the oil field are used, technology is simple, well servicing is convenient, cost repairing is economic.
The thesis focuses on the studies and designs of the general technology procedure, especially on the research of the pressurized anchor that is the key component of this technology. Several experimental rigs are designed to testify the functions of the technology. The experiment in lab and the implementation in worksite show that this casing repair technology is available in science and profitable in economy.
引文
[1] 王洪英、周庆刚、，奚广春，大庆地区深部取套修井技术的应用，石油钻采工艺，2000(5)
[2] 熊育坤，过油管套管修补工具，石油机械，1999(4)
[3] 郑登才、吴庆民，大庆油田变形特点与原因分析，国内外油田套损坏防治及监测技术．2001(1)
[4] 孙喜寿、李华、高圣平，经济的套管衬里及修补，国外石油机械．2000(5)
[5] 杨荣、赵福兴、周正茂，涨管法修复变形石油套管的研究，爆炸与冲击，1998(3)
[6] 王淑玲，套损经修复中水泥环的损伤研究，大庆石油学院研究生硕士论文，2002
[7] 朱小平，套管内衬贴补波纹管成形径向力分析，石油矿场机械，1999(3)
[8] 权秀英、杨树平、王凤翔、廖新武、王学民，套管补贴修复新工艺及应用，石油钻采工艺，2000(6)
[9] 陈养龙、王新来、何树栋，套管悬挂载荷的现场计算，石油钻探技术，2000(6)
[10] 林觉振、李远兵、李建刚，裸眼侧钻工艺技术的应用，石油钻采工艺，2000(6)
[11] 姚洪田、王伟、边志家，套管损环原因与修井效果，大庆石油地质与开发，2001(2)
[12] 大庆采油工艺研究所，干扰油层问题浅析。
[13] 张毅，吉玲康。油层套管成分、组织与性能间的相关性。西安：石油专用管，1995，7(1)：1-7
[14] 吴天灵。关于油、套外露扣问题的初探。石油专用管，1998，1：55-56
[15] 苏益仁，赵惠忠，李克敏，井下石油专用管硫化物应力腐蚀开裂失效分析，石油钻采机械，1983，6：62-64
[16] Tailby B. J. A new technique for servicing horizontal wells. SPE Ann. Tech. Conf. Exhib. 1991.
[17] avor M．J．平行阻力概念对多层油藏试井解释的应用．56th Ann．Calif．Reg. Mtg．1986
[18] Sabet M．A．钻井分析. Gulf Pub．Houston1991
[19] Shah P．C．双层分注对窜流油藏高渗透层置入凝胶的必要性．1996 SPE／DOE 10th IOR Symp．Tulsa1996．04．21。
[20] AlexeiP. Maradudin. Drill Pipe, Casing Tubing, Sucker Rods——Corrosion failures and methods of combating corrosion. Materials Protection, 1965.45-51。
[21] Barton JP. Caliper Surveys Monitor Down hole Corrosion in Production Tubing. Petrol Eng Int, March1993:44-47。
[22] 刘鸿文编，材料力学，上、下册，高等教育出版社，1992。
[23] 徐灏，邱宣怀等。机械设计手册。北京：机械工业出版社，1991，13-57。
[24] 李遇昌．王本德，工程材料。成都：成都科技大学出版社，1998．98-101。
[25] 《机械设计手册》化学工业出版社．1997．
[26] 陈淘平、胡靖帮主编．《采油工程》．石油工业出版社．2000、2。
[27] 《油田分层开采》．石油工业出版社．1985。
[28] 《现代完井工程》石油工业出版社．1996。
[29] 王鸿勋．《采油工艺原理》．石油工业出版社．1984。
[30] 王玉普等．《大庆油田高含水期注采工艺技术》．石油工业出版社．2001．
[31] 《采油技术手册》．石油化学工业出版社．1977．
[32] 《钻井技术手册》．石油化学工业出版社．1977．
[33] 《井下作业技术数据手册》．石油工业出版社．2001．
[34] 张继芬．《提高石油采收率基础》．石油工业出版社．1997．
[35] 华东石油学院矿机教研室编．《石油钻采机械》．北京石油工业出版社，1980
[2] 熊育坤，过油管套管修补工具，石油机械，1999(4)
[3] 郑登才、吴庆民，大庆油田变形特点与原因分析，国内外油田套损坏防治及监测技术．2001(1)
[4] 孙喜寿、李华、高圣平，经济的套管衬里及修补，国外石油机械．2000(5)
[5] 杨荣、赵福兴、周正茂，涨管法修复变形石油套管的研究，爆炸与冲击，1998(3)
[6] 王淑玲，套损经修复中水泥环的损伤研究，大庆石油学院研究生硕士论文，2002
[7] 朱小平，套管内衬贴补波纹管成形径向力分析，石油矿场机械，1999(3)
[8] 权秀英、杨树平、王凤翔、廖新武、王学民，套管补贴修复新工艺及应用，石油钻采工艺，2000(6)
[9] 陈养龙、王新来、何树栋，套管悬挂载荷的现场计算，石油钻探技术，2000(6)
[10] 林觉振、李远兵、李建刚，裸眼侧钻工艺技术的应用，石油钻采工艺，2000(6)
[11] 姚洪田、王伟、边志家，套管损环原因与修井效果，大庆石油地质与开发，2001(2)
[12] 大庆采油工艺研究所，干扰油层问题浅析。
[13] 张毅，吉玲康。油层套管成分、组织与性能间的相关性。西安：石油专用管，1995，7(1)：1-7
[14] 吴天灵。关于油、套外露扣问题的初探。石油专用管，1998，1：55-56
[15] 苏益仁，赵惠忠，李克敏，井下石油专用管硫化物应力腐蚀开裂失效分析，石油钻采机械，1983，6：62-64
[16] Tailby B. J. A new technique for servicing horizontal wells. SPE Ann. Tech. Conf. Exhib. 1991.
[17] avor M．J．平行阻力概念对多层油藏试井解释的应用．56th Ann．Calif．Reg. Mtg．1986
[18] Sabet M．A．钻井分析. Gulf Pub．Houston1991
[19] Shah P．C．双层分注对窜流油藏高渗透层置入凝胶的必要性．1996 SPE／DOE 10th IOR Symp．Tulsa1996．04．21。
[20] AlexeiP. Maradudin. Drill Pipe, Casing Tubing, Sucker Rods——Corrosion failures and methods of combating corrosion. Materials Protection, 1965.45-51。
[21] Barton JP. Caliper Surveys Monitor Down hole Corrosion in Production Tubing. Petrol Eng Int, March1993:44-47。
[22] 刘鸿文编，材料力学，上、下册，高等教育出版社，1992。
[23] 徐灏，邱宣怀等。机械设计手册。北京：机械工业出版社，1991，13-57。
[24] 李遇昌．王本德，工程材料。成都：成都科技大学出版社，1998．98-101。
[25] 《机械设计手册》化学工业出版社．1997．
[26] 陈淘平、胡靖帮主编．《采油工程》．石油工业出版社．2000、2。
[27] 《油田分层开采》．石油工业出版社．1985。
[28] 《现代完井工程》石油工业出版社．1996。
[29] 王鸿勋．《采油工艺原理》．石油工业出版社．1984。
[30] 王玉普等．《大庆油田高含水期注采工艺技术》．石油工业出版社．2001．
[31] 《采油技术手册》．石油化学工业出版社．1977．
[32] 《钻井技术手册》．石油化学工业出版社．1977．
[33] 《井下作业技术数据手册》．石油工业出版社．2001．
[34] 张继芬．《提高石油采收率基础》．石油工业出版社．1997．
[35] 华东石油学院矿机教研室编．《石油钻采机械》．北京石油工业出版社，1980