基于IEC60870-5-104规约的智能配电网终端设备测试方案及软件设计
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摘要
智能配电网的建设以配电自动化为基础。而配电自动化则是以一次网架和设备为基础，以配电自动化系统为核心，综合利用多种通信方式，通过与相关应用系统的信息集成，实现对配电系统的全面监测与控制。由此可见，通信系统是配电自动化中十分重要的部分，其所用的通信规约以IEC60870-5-104规约为主。通过参与长沙麓谷配电自动化的配电通信系统工程的建设，了解到IEC60870-5-104规约在配电网的应用推动了配电网的建设，同时也带来了新的问题：配电终端设备在通信上存在兼容性、互操作性等问题。为解决以上问题，本文开发了104规约测试软件，可模拟配电主站对配电终端设备进行IEC60870-5-104规约的测试。
在全国IEC60870-5-104规约的运用过程中，由于104规约的可选项多、可配置的参数多，各地纷纷根据实际情况制定了104规约的实施规范。本文在参考104规约国家标准、华中电网104规约实施规范的同时，以长沙配电自动化104规约实施细则和麓谷配电自动化的实际情况为主，制定了配电终端设备的104规约测试方案，方案主要包括测试项目、各测试项目的测试内容和测试方法。依据104规约的相关内容和测试方案，采用Microsoft Visual C++6.0开发工具开发了一款专用于测试配电终端设备104规约的测试软件，实现了软件模拟主站与配电终端设备进行104规约通信，对配电终端设备的通信过程和上传的报文进行检测，对报文进行逐字节甚至到位的解析等主要功能。
该测试软件通过对多个厂家的配电终端设备进行了104规约测试，找出了配电终端设备在104规约的实现上不一致的情况。现场测试结果表明，使用该测试软件对配电终端设备进行104规约测试是解决配电终端兼容性和互操作问题的有效方法。
Distribution Automation is the basis for constructing Smart Distribution Grid.Based on the power network frame and equipment, taking the distribution automationsystem as the core, Distribution Automation (DA) realizes the monitoring and controlof the distribution grid through using multiple communication modes and integratingthe information of the relevant application system. Therefore, the communicationsystem is a very important part of the DA, in which IEC60870-5-104 protocol isadopted primarily. Through participating in the project of constructingcommunication system of the DA in Lu Valley of Changsha, the author knew that theapplication of IEC60870-5-104 protocol in distribution grid promoted theconstruction of Distribution grid, but it also brought a new problem: distributionterminal equipments lacked of compatibility and interoperability. To solve the aboveproblem, test software is developed based on IEC60870-5-104 protocol, which cansimulate the distribution master to test the distribution terminal equipment inaccordance with IEC60870-5-104 protocol.
Because IEC60870-5-104 protocol has many options and configurableparameters, in the process of the application of IEC60870-5-104 protocol throughoutthe country, the implement standard of IEC60870-5-104 protocol has been formulatedin many regions based on the actual situation. In the paper referred to the nationalstandard of IEC60870-5-104 protocol and the implement standard of the 104 protocolin the Central China Power Grid, and based on the 104 protocol implement standardof distribution automation in Changsha and the actual situation of Lu Valleydistribution automation, formulates the 104 protocol test program of distributionterminal equipment, which mainly includes test items, test contents and test methods.According to the relevant content of the 104 protocol and the test program, using theMicrosoft Visual C++ 6.0, the test software of IEC60870-5-104 protocol is developedspecially for testing distribution terminals. The software can simulate the distributionmaster station communicating with distribution terminal equipment in the 104protocol, detect the communication process and the messages sent by the distributionterminal equipment, and parse the message in byte or even in bit.
Through using the test software to do the 104 protocol test on distributionterminal equipment of multiple manufacturers, the inconsistency situation of the distribution terminal equipment in realization of the 104 protocol can be found out.The field test results show that using the test software to test distribution terminalequipment is an effective way to solve the distribution terminal compatibility andinteroperability issues.
在全国IEC60870-5-104规约的运用过程中，由于104规约的可选项多、可配置的参数多，各地纷纷根据实际情况制定了104规约的实施规范。本文在参考104规约国家标准、华中电网104规约实施规范的同时，以长沙配电自动化104规约实施细则和麓谷配电自动化的实际情况为主，制定了配电终端设备的104规约测试方案，方案主要包括测试项目、各测试项目的测试内容和测试方法。依据104规约的相关内容和测试方案，采用Microsoft Visual C++6.0开发工具开发了一款专用于测试配电终端设备104规约的测试软件，实现了软件模拟主站与配电终端设备进行104规约通信，对配电终端设备的通信过程和上传的报文进行检测，对报文进行逐字节甚至到位的解析等主要功能。
该测试软件通过对多个厂家的配电终端设备进行了104规约测试，找出了配电终端设备在104规约的实现上不一致的情况。现场测试结果表明，使用该测试软件对配电终端设备进行104规约测试是解决配电终端兼容性和互操作问题的有效方法。
Distribution Automation is the basis for constructing Smart Distribution Grid.Based on the power network frame and equipment, taking the distribution automationsystem as the core, Distribution Automation (DA) realizes the monitoring and controlof the distribution grid through using multiple communication modes and integratingthe information of the relevant application system. Therefore, the communicationsystem is a very important part of the DA, in which IEC60870-5-104 protocol isadopted primarily. Through participating in the project of constructingcommunication system of the DA in Lu Valley of Changsha, the author knew that theapplication of IEC60870-5-104 protocol in distribution grid promoted theconstruction of Distribution grid, but it also brought a new problem: distributionterminal equipments lacked of compatibility and interoperability. To solve the aboveproblem, test software is developed based on IEC60870-5-104 protocol, which cansimulate the distribution master to test the distribution terminal equipment inaccordance with IEC60870-5-104 protocol.
Because IEC60870-5-104 protocol has many options and configurableparameters, in the process of the application of IEC60870-5-104 protocol throughoutthe country, the implement standard of IEC60870-5-104 protocol has been formulatedin many regions based on the actual situation. In the paper referred to the nationalstandard of IEC60870-5-104 protocol and the implement standard of the 104 protocolin the Central China Power Grid, and based on the 104 protocol implement standardof distribution automation in Changsha and the actual situation of Lu Valleydistribution automation, formulates the 104 protocol test program of distributionterminal equipment, which mainly includes test items, test contents and test methods.According to the relevant content of the 104 protocol and the test program, using theMicrosoft Visual C++ 6.0, the test software of IEC60870-5-104 protocol is developedspecially for testing distribution terminals. The software can simulate the distributionmaster station communicating with distribution terminal equipment in the 104protocol, detect the communication process and the messages sent by the distributionterminal equipment, and parse the message in byte or even in bit.
Through using the test software to do the 104 protocol test on distributionterminal equipment of multiple manufacturers, the inconsistency situation of the distribution terminal equipment in realization of the 104 protocol can be found out.The field test results show that using the test software to test distribution terminalequipment is an effective way to solve the distribution terminal compatibility andinteroperability issues.
引文
[1]国家电网公司．智能电网技术标准体系规划[M]．2010,6
[2]权楠．智能电网中的配电通信网关键问题探讨[J]．电信科学，2010，12A：149-152
[3]王成山，王守相，郭力．我国智能配电技术展望[J]．南方电网技术，2010，4（1）：18-22
[4]李彬，焦彦军，张新国等．104规约在FTU中的应用[J]．继电器，2008，36（7）：62-66
[5]刘岩松．IEC60870-5-104规约在电力调度系统中的应用：[山东大学硕士学位论文]．山东：山东大学，2009
[6]刘宇，薛玮，荀吉辉．配电网自动化通信系统测试方法探讨[J]．湖南电力，2011，31（1）：46-48
[7]黄云龙，郑翔．IEC60870-5-104在调度自动化系统中的应用[J]．上海电力学院学报，2005，21（4）325-328
[8]谢大为．电力调度系统采用104规约进行网络访问的研究：[华北电力大学硕士学位论文]．北京：华北电力大学，2003：1-2
[9] DL/T634.5104-2009.远动设备及系统第5-104部分：传输规约采用标准传输协议集的IEC60870-5-101网络访问[S]
[10]李强，朱永利．IEC60870-5-104在变电站自动化系统中的应用[J]．电力系统通信，2007，28（182）：21-25
[11]鞠阳，张惠刚．IEC60870-5-104远动规约的设计及其应用[J]．继电器，2006，34（17）：55-58
[12]刘念，段斌．IEC60870-5-104远动协议的一种安全报文探讨[J]．电力系统自动化，2005，29（2）：93-96
[13] Liu Nian, Duan Bin. Discussion on security message of IEC60870-5-104telecontrol protocol. Dianli Xitong Zidonghue.2005,29(2):93-96
[14]牛春霞．IEC60870-5-104的面向对象分析与站端软件的开发：[华北电力大学硕士学位论文]．华北电力大学，2005
[15]赵渊，沈智健．基于TCP/IP的IEC60870-5-104远动规约在电力系统中的应用[J]．电网技术，2003，27（10）：56-60
[16] DL/T634.5101-2002.远动设备及系统第5部分：传输规约第101篇基本远动任务配套标准[S]
[17] DL/T634.5104-2002.远动设备及系统第5-104部分：传输规约采用标准传输协议集的IEC60870-5-101网络访问[S]
[18]开普实验室．华中电网101、104规约实施规范审定会在许昌顺利召开．http://www.ncqtr.com/news_info.asp?id=345&sid=1&c_id=5，2009年9月21日
[19]华中电力调度通信中心．华中电网DL/T634.5104-2002实施规范（征求意见稿）[S]．2008,2
[20]高立克，李克文，李果等．广西配电网自动化通信协议应用研究[J]．广西电力，2010，33（5）：10-14
[21]长沙配电网自动化DL/T634.5104-2002实施细则[S]．2012,2
[22]李彬．配电网自动化FTU通信系统设计：[华北电力大学硕士学位论文]．华北电力大学，2007
[23]孙德胜，郭志忠，王刚军等．配电自动化系统综述[J]．继电器，1999，27(3)：1-3
[24] Huang Shu, Liang Xiaobing, Gao Xinhua. Key technologies and test method ofRemote Terminal in intelligent distribution automation system[J].ChinaInternational Conference on Electricity Distribution.2010:1-6
[25] Wu Xiaoxi, Yang Longyue, Qi Ya. Simple Analysis of the Application ofDistribution Automation System in Power Supply Enterprises[J].InternationalConference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics. 2009:368-367
[26]陈雄．配电自动化终端中通信管理机的设计与实现[合肥工业大学硕士学位论文]．合肥：合肥工业大学，2010
[27]长沙电业局．长沙河西麓谷经济开发区配电自动化工程建设实施方案．2010，5
[28]朱大萌，陈立伟．配电自动化系统中的通信系统研究[J]．信息技术，2004，28（8）：49-51
[29]孟爱萍．配电自动化系统中的通信方案[J]．电力系统通信，2007,28（增刊）：43-45
[30]周和，贺顺兴．浅析智能化配电网[J]．中国科技信息，2010，5：30-31
[31] Jiang Jing, Zhang Xuesong. Research on EPON of broadband access technologyand broadband network deployment[J].2010 3rd International Conference onAdvanced Computer Theory and Engineering,2010:148-152
[32] Wang Dongsheng, Zhao Yanru. The Research of Smart Antenna Technique forMcWiLL Broadband Wireless Communication System[J]. Second InternationalConference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation. 2009:109-112
[33]温斌，林波，江连山等．McWiLL宽带无线接入技术及应用[M]．人民邮电出版社
[34]刘群越．广东电网101/104实施细则及其测试分析系统的研究[J]．广东科技，2008,196:132-133
[35] Yang Hong. Application and test of IEC60870-5 transmission protocol[J]．DianliZidonghua Shebei Electr. Power Autom. Equip.2007:75-78
[36]华东电力调度通信中心．IEC60870-5-101华东电网应用规范（修改稿）
[S]．2003,2
[37] DL/Z634.56-2004.远动设备及系统第5-6部分：IEC60870-5规约系列测试规则[S]
[38] GB/T 18657.5-2002．远动设备及系统第5部分：传输规约第5篇：基本应用功能[S]
[39] GB/T 18657.4-2002．远动设备及系统第5部分：传输规约第4篇：应用信息元素的定义和编码[S]
[40]（美）[D·查普曼]Davis. VC++.NET入门[M].中国电力出版社，2003
[41]陈志泊，王春玲．面向对象的程序设计语言——C++[M]．人民邮电出版社．2004
[42] Fu Qincui, Liu Ziying, Fu Kejia. Implementation of IEC60870-5-104 protocolbased on Finite State Machines[J]. 1st International Conference on SustainablePower Generation and Supply. 2009:1-5
[43] Christos G. Cassandras, Stephane Lafortune. Introduction to Discrete EventSystems(Second Edition)[M].Springer
[2]权楠．智能电网中的配电通信网关键问题探讨[J]．电信科学，2010，12A：149-152
[3]王成山，王守相，郭力．我国智能配电技术展望[J]．南方电网技术，2010，4（1）：18-22
[4]李彬，焦彦军，张新国等．104规约在FTU中的应用[J]．继电器，2008，36（7）：62-66
[5]刘岩松．IEC60870-5-104规约在电力调度系统中的应用：[山东大学硕士学位论文]．山东：山东大学，2009
[6]刘宇，薛玮，荀吉辉．配电网自动化通信系统测试方法探讨[J]．湖南电力，2011，31（1）：46-48
[7]黄云龙，郑翔．IEC60870-5-104在调度自动化系统中的应用[J]．上海电力学院学报，2005，21（4）325-328
[8]谢大为．电力调度系统采用104规约进行网络访问的研究：[华北电力大学硕士学位论文]．北京：华北电力大学，2003：1-2
[9] DL/T634.5104-2009.远动设备及系统第5-104部分：传输规约采用标准传输协议集的IEC60870-5-101网络访问[S]
[10]李强，朱永利．IEC60870-5-104在变电站自动化系统中的应用[J]．电力系统通信，2007，28（182）：21-25
[11]鞠阳，张惠刚．IEC60870-5-104远动规约的设计及其应用[J]．继电器，2006，34（17）：55-58
[12]刘念，段斌．IEC60870-5-104远动协议的一种安全报文探讨[J]．电力系统自动化，2005，29（2）：93-96
[13] Liu Nian, Duan Bin. Discussion on security message of IEC60870-5-104telecontrol protocol. Dianli Xitong Zidonghue.2005,29(2):93-96
[14]牛春霞．IEC60870-5-104的面向对象分析与站端软件的开发：[华北电力大学硕士学位论文]．华北电力大学，2005
[15]赵渊，沈智健．基于TCP/IP的IEC60870-5-104远动规约在电力系统中的应用[J]．电网技术，2003，27（10）：56-60
[16] DL/T634.5101-2002.远动设备及系统第5部分：传输规约第101篇基本远动任务配套标准[S]
[17] DL/T634.5104-2002.远动设备及系统第5-104部分：传输规约采用标准传输协议集的IEC60870-5-101网络访问[S]
[18]开普实验室．华中电网101、104规约实施规范审定会在许昌顺利召开．http://www.ncqtr.com/news_info.asp?id=345&sid=1&c_id=5，2009年9月21日
[19]华中电力调度通信中心．华中电网DL/T634.5104-2002实施规范（征求意见稿）[S]．2008,2
[20]高立克，李克文，李果等．广西配电网自动化通信协议应用研究[J]．广西电力，2010，33（5）：10-14
[21]长沙配电网自动化DL/T634.5104-2002实施细则[S]．2012,2
[22]李彬．配电网自动化FTU通信系统设计：[华北电力大学硕士学位论文]．华北电力大学，2007
[23]孙德胜，郭志忠，王刚军等．配电自动化系统综述[J]．继电器，1999，27(3)：1-3
[24] Huang Shu, Liang Xiaobing, Gao Xinhua. Key technologies and test method ofRemote Terminal in intelligent distribution automation system[J].ChinaInternational Conference on Electricity Distribution.2010:1-6
[25] Wu Xiaoxi, Yang Longyue, Qi Ya. Simple Analysis of the Application ofDistribution Automation System in Power Supply Enterprises[J].InternationalConference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics. 2009:368-367
[26]陈雄．配电自动化终端中通信管理机的设计与实现[合肥工业大学硕士学位论文]．合肥：合肥工业大学，2010
[27]长沙电业局．长沙河西麓谷经济开发区配电自动化工程建设实施方案．2010，5
[28]朱大萌，陈立伟．配电自动化系统中的通信系统研究[J]．信息技术，2004，28（8）：49-51
[29]孟爱萍．配电自动化系统中的通信方案[J]．电力系统通信，2007,28（增刊）：43-45
[30]周和，贺顺兴．浅析智能化配电网[J]．中国科技信息，2010，5：30-31
[31] Jiang Jing, Zhang Xuesong. Research on EPON of broadband access technologyand broadband network deployment[J].2010 3rd International Conference onAdvanced Computer Theory and Engineering,2010:148-152
[32] Wang Dongsheng, Zhao Yanru. The Research of Smart Antenna Technique forMcWiLL Broadband Wireless Communication System[J]. Second InternationalConference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation. 2009:109-112
[33]温斌，林波，江连山等．McWiLL宽带无线接入技术及应用[M]．人民邮电出版社
[34]刘群越．广东电网101/104实施细则及其测试分析系统的研究[J]．广东科技，2008,196:132-133
[35] Yang Hong. Application and test of IEC60870-5 transmission protocol[J]．DianliZidonghua Shebei Electr. Power Autom. Equip.2007:75-78
[36]华东电力调度通信中心．IEC60870-5-101华东电网应用规范（修改稿）
[S]．2003,2
[37] DL/Z634.56-2004.远动设备及系统第5-6部分：IEC60870-5规约系列测试规则[S]
[38] GB/T 18657.5-2002．远动设备及系统第5部分：传输规约第5篇：基本应用功能[S]
[39] GB/T 18657.4-2002．远动设备及系统第5部分：传输规约第4篇：应用信息元素的定义和编码[S]
[40]（美）[D·查普曼]Davis. VC++.NET入门[M].中国电力出版社，2003
[41]陈志泊，王春玲．面向对象的程序设计语言——C++[M]．人民邮电出版社．2004
[42] Fu Qincui, Liu Ziying, Fu Kejia. Implementation of IEC60870-5-104 protocolbased on Finite State Machines[J]. 1st International Conference on SustainablePower Generation and Supply. 2009:1-5
[43] Christos G. Cassandras, Stephane Lafortune. Introduction to Discrete EventSystems(Second Edition)[M].Springer