塔河油田一区主体区三叠系下油组储层综合评价
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摘要
塔河1区三叠系下油组油藏属大底水、薄油层、受构造控制的砂岩孔隙型块状底水未饱和油藏。目前存在的主要问题是生产井普遍见水,含水上升过快、递减加大,水平井产液剖面出现异常,油藏总体动用程度偏低,高含水后治理难度增大,堵水措施有效率低,对油藏开发带来了严重威胁。因此有必要对该区储层进行再认识,对该区的储层做出进一步评价。为了科学合理的预测有利储层分布区域,作者深入研究了该区主要储油的前3小层的储层特征,最终结合四性关系和储层控制因素以及储层下限标准的研究成果,对研究区有利储层进行了合理预测。
论文利用塔河油田1区现有的勘探生产报告,依靠钻井、测井、地震和分析化验资料,采用传统的基础地质学方法,结合先进的理论技术和方法开展研究,在整理、消化、总结前人研究成果的基础上,对下油组储层特征进行研究。在前人小层划分和本次岩心观察基础上,对研究区26口直井及直导眼井和19口水平井的主要层段进行小层划分的复核和补充。研究区下油组处在辫状主河道发育区,为一套巨厚的辫状河三角洲沉积,剖面上多表现为以大套的正韵律辫状砂体为主要特征,平面上砂体分布广泛,呈多分叉或合并的辫状河道沉积特征,下油组各小层主要发育辫状主河道微相,河道间微相欠发育甚至不发育,发育的河道间微相也仅局部零星存在;对下油组砂岩的岩石学特征、物性特征及孔隙结构特征进行了研究,该区岩石主要以长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,孔隙结构为中孔、高渗、均匀粗喉孔隙分布储层;针对本区储层特殊性,结合测井电性特征及物性解释结果,从层内、平面、层间进行储层非均质研究。层内非均质主要对层内渗透率的韵律特征和夹层类型和分布做研究;平面非均质性研究主要从砂体分布、物性参数变化等方面进行;层间非均质性主要从渗透率均值、极差、突进系数来对层间非均质程度进行评价。储层岩石的成分、储集层所处的沉积相带、储层的成岩作用等对储层物性具有明显地控制作用,造成储层孔渗降低的成岩作用以胶结作用最强,其次是压实作用,溶解作用增加了储层孔隙;根据物性及孔隙结构特征,建立储层分类评价标准,将工区储层划分为四类,Ⅰ、Ⅱ储层具有较好的储集渗流能力,Ⅲ类储层较差,Ⅳ类为非储层;在对沉积相、储层物性和砂体平面展布特征研究的基础上,对塔河油田1区三叠系下油组1.、2、3、小层储层进行了综合评价,研究区以Ⅱ、Ⅲ类储层为主,Ⅰ类储层在TK103-T114-TK121和TK120-TK112-S29井区少量发育。
The reservoir of the 1st block of Tahe Oilfield is one with a complicated fault system and edge-bottom water in the lower section of the lower oil formation. At present, the main problem is the breakthrough water in production wells. Water volume is increased too fast with over -declined oil volume. Production fluid lateral section of the horizontal wells sees abnormal features. The overall production level of reservoirs declines. The treatment is difficult to find in the high water stage, and it is not very effective to block water.All above factors pose a serious threat to reservoirs.Therefore necessary to re-understanding of the reservoir, the reservoir area to make further evaluation.In order to scientific and reasonable to predict reservoir distribution in the region, author in-depth study of the area of the first three main oil reservoir characteristics of a sublayer. Finally, combined four factors of sexual relations and reservoir control and minimum standards for the research results of reservoir, reasonable forecasted reasonably the distribution of favorable reservoir.
Based on summing up and collating the previous studies of the 1st block of Tahe Oilfield , combination of advanced technologies and method to carry out scrutiny, this paper takes the drillinganalytics, the geophysical well logging ,the seismology ,the experimental data and the traditional geology method to study the characteristics of Lower Oil Formation by using available exploration and production data in study area. In the previous division and a small layer on the basis of this observation of cores, author reviewed and makeuped the sublayer division of the main layers of 26 vertical wells, straight guide hole wells and 19 horizontal wells of the study area.The study area of Lower Oil Formation in braided main channel development area is a thick braided river deltaic deposit. The main feature of profile is more than the performance with large sets of positive rhythm braided sand, the sand body widely distributed, multi-branching or merger braided stream was the depositional characteristics, the sublayer of Lower Oil Formation development braided main stream channel microfacies, little interchannel microfacies and even less non-development, development of interchannel microfacies are only sporadic local exist.Based on study of petrologic characteristics, properties characteristics and pore structure in Lower oil formation,we regard that the lithology of study area is mainly with The main types of sandstone are feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose ,the pore structure of mesoporous, mesopore, high permeability, uniform coarse pore throat distribution of reservoir. Aim at specificity for the reservoir, author combined electric characteristics of well logging and interpretation of results of physical properties and study the layer in layer, flat, interlayer reservoir heterogeneity.Author study the layer in layer heterogeneity mainly at layer in layer’s rhythm characteristic of permeability and the type of interbed and interbed’s distribute. Plane heterogeneity mainly study sand distribution, physical parameters in areas such as. interlayer heterogeneity mainly use the means of permeability, range, coefficient of sudden to evaluate the degree of non-homogeneous of interlayer. Moreover, the study shows that the reservoir property is clearly under the control of composition of reservoir rocks, sedimentary facies and reservoir diagenesis and so on. The first is lithogenesis during the factors of thin out porosity and permeability, the second is compaction. Towards to the good permeability, pore throat development is the most important factors and the next is particular denudation. According to physical property and pore structure,the author got the criterion of reservoir classification and defined 4 container rock.Based on the study of sedimentary facies,reservoir parameters and sand plane distribution,the author comprehensively evaluated the character of 1,2,3 sublayer for Triassic Lower Oil Formation in the 1st Block of Tahe Oilfield, the study shows thatⅡ,Ⅲt ype of reservoir is mainly,Ⅰ-type reservoir is only in TK103-T114-TK121 and TK120-TK112-S29 wells development zones.
论文利用塔河油田1区现有的勘探生产报告,依靠钻井、测井、地震和分析化验资料,采用传统的基础地质学方法,结合先进的理论技术和方法开展研究,在整理、消化、总结前人研究成果的基础上,对下油组储层特征进行研究。在前人小层划分和本次岩心观察基础上,对研究区26口直井及直导眼井和19口水平井的主要层段进行小层划分的复核和补充。研究区下油组处在辫状主河道发育区,为一套巨厚的辫状河三角洲沉积,剖面上多表现为以大套的正韵律辫状砂体为主要特征,平面上砂体分布广泛,呈多分叉或合并的辫状河道沉积特征,下油组各小层主要发育辫状主河道微相,河道间微相欠发育甚至不发育,发育的河道间微相也仅局部零星存在;对下油组砂岩的岩石学特征、物性特征及孔隙结构特征进行了研究,该区岩石主要以长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,孔隙结构为中孔、高渗、均匀粗喉孔隙分布储层;针对本区储层特殊性,结合测井电性特征及物性解释结果,从层内、平面、层间进行储层非均质研究。层内非均质主要对层内渗透率的韵律特征和夹层类型和分布做研究;平面非均质性研究主要从砂体分布、物性参数变化等方面进行;层间非均质性主要从渗透率均值、极差、突进系数来对层间非均质程度进行评价。储层岩石的成分、储集层所处的沉积相带、储层的成岩作用等对储层物性具有明显地控制作用,造成储层孔渗降低的成岩作用以胶结作用最强,其次是压实作用,溶解作用增加了储层孔隙;根据物性及孔隙结构特征,建立储层分类评价标准,将工区储层划分为四类,Ⅰ、Ⅱ储层具有较好的储集渗流能力,Ⅲ类储层较差,Ⅳ类为非储层;在对沉积相、储层物性和砂体平面展布特征研究的基础上,对塔河油田1区三叠系下油组1.、2、3、小层储层进行了综合评价,研究区以Ⅱ、Ⅲ类储层为主,Ⅰ类储层在TK103-T114-TK121和TK120-TK112-S29井区少量发育。
The reservoir of the 1st block of Tahe Oilfield is one with a complicated fault system and edge-bottom water in the lower section of the lower oil formation. At present, the main problem is the breakthrough water in production wells. Water volume is increased too fast with over -declined oil volume. Production fluid lateral section of the horizontal wells sees abnormal features. The overall production level of reservoirs declines. The treatment is difficult to find in the high water stage, and it is not very effective to block water.All above factors pose a serious threat to reservoirs.Therefore necessary to re-understanding of the reservoir, the reservoir area to make further evaluation.In order to scientific and reasonable to predict reservoir distribution in the region, author in-depth study of the area of the first three main oil reservoir characteristics of a sublayer. Finally, combined four factors of sexual relations and reservoir control and minimum standards for the research results of reservoir, reasonable forecasted reasonably the distribution of favorable reservoir.
Based on summing up and collating the previous studies of the 1st block of Tahe Oilfield , combination of advanced technologies and method to carry out scrutiny, this paper takes the drillinganalytics, the geophysical well logging ,the seismology ,the experimental data and the traditional geology method to study the characteristics of Lower Oil Formation by using available exploration and production data in study area. In the previous division and a small layer on the basis of this observation of cores, author reviewed and makeuped the sublayer division of the main layers of 26 vertical wells, straight guide hole wells and 19 horizontal wells of the study area.The study area of Lower Oil Formation in braided main channel development area is a thick braided river deltaic deposit. The main feature of profile is more than the performance with large sets of positive rhythm braided sand, the sand body widely distributed, multi-branching or merger braided stream was the depositional characteristics, the sublayer of Lower Oil Formation development braided main stream channel microfacies, little interchannel microfacies and even less non-development, development of interchannel microfacies are only sporadic local exist.Based on study of petrologic characteristics, properties characteristics and pore structure in Lower oil formation,we regard that the lithology of study area is mainly with The main types of sandstone are feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose ,the pore structure of mesoporous, mesopore, high permeability, uniform coarse pore throat distribution of reservoir. Aim at specificity for the reservoir, author combined electric characteristics of well logging and interpretation of results of physical properties and study the layer in layer, flat, interlayer reservoir heterogeneity.Author study the layer in layer heterogeneity mainly at layer in layer’s rhythm characteristic of permeability and the type of interbed and interbed’s distribute. Plane heterogeneity mainly study sand distribution, physical parameters in areas such as. interlayer heterogeneity mainly use the means of permeability, range, coefficient of sudden to evaluate the degree of non-homogeneous of interlayer. Moreover, the study shows that the reservoir property is clearly under the control of composition of reservoir rocks, sedimentary facies and reservoir diagenesis and so on. The first is lithogenesis during the factors of thin out porosity and permeability, the second is compaction. Towards to the good permeability, pore throat development is the most important factors and the next is particular denudation. According to physical property and pore structure,the author got the criterion of reservoir classification and defined 4 container rock.Based on the study of sedimentary facies,reservoir parameters and sand plane distribution,the author comprehensively evaluated the character of 1,2,3 sublayer for Triassic Lower Oil Formation in the 1st Block of Tahe Oilfield, the study shows thatⅡ,Ⅲt ype of reservoir is mainly,Ⅰ-type reservoir is only in TK103-T114-TK121 and TK120-TK112-S29 wells development zones.
引文
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