新型通信测距复合系统中抗干扰性能的研究
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摘要
在一些特殊的场合需要同时进行扩频通信和对待测物体进行定位，这就要求设计一种能够同时满足系统要求的通信速率、测距量程和测距精度的复合式无线通信系统。我们把这种无线通信系统称为复合系统，即利用一套无线通信设备同时完成通信和定位的任务。传统的复合系统就是利用直接序列扩频系统的距离分辨率及测距能力，同时完成扩频通信和测距任务。
本文对传统的复合系统结构进行了改进，调和了传统结构的复合系统技术参数(包括测距量程、测距精度、测距实时性和通信效率等)对扩频序列的周期的矛盾需求，重点分析了通信测距复合系统对复合码的要求。构建了复合系统的3种工作模式，即基于m_W序列的复合系统、基于完备互补序列的复合系统和基于修正互补序列的复合系统。重点对两种基于互补序列的复合系统抑制干扰和噪声的性能进行了分析，进而论证基于修正互补序列的复合系统在抑制干扰，尤其是多径干扰方面的技术优势。
在复合系统硬件平台实现方面，对复合系统的硬件实现方案进行了讨论和设计，结合复合系统功能的多样性和具体应用场合的复杂性，提出了以多DSP为核心的软件无线电模式作为复合系统的硬件实现模式，并且设计了基于交换网络结构的新型复合系统接收机多DSP平台。为该技术的进一步推广应用奠定了坚实的基础。
In some special occasions, we need to accomplish the spread spectrum communication and orientation simultaneously. In view of this, a multiplex radio communication system should be designed to realize such desired system requirements as the efficiency of communication, the range of telemeter and the precision of telemeter. The multiplex system is a kind of system which integrates the communication and orientation tasks in a single system. We can name it the complex system, too. The traditional complex system has the function of communication and telemetry simultaneously because the DS/SS has the ability of strong discrimination and ranging.
In this paper, the structure of complex system is ameliorated so that the inconsistent of technique parameters has been conciliated in traditional complex system. These parameters include the range of telemeter, the precision of telemeter, the real time ability and the efficiency of communication. The emphasis has been put on the analysis of the concatenated series. We introduce three kinds of multiplex system models, that is the multiplex system based on the m_W sequence, the multiplex system based on the complete complementary series and the multiplex system based on the modified complete complementary series. The anti-interference performance of the two multiplex systems based on the complementary series has been analyzed and compared in detail. The results shows that the multiplex system based on the modified complete complementary series has a lot of technique advantages in the anti-interference performance, especially in the anti-multipath interference aspect.
In the aspect of hardware platform of the complex system, we have discussed and designed several projects. Combining the diversity of the function of the complex system and the complexity of application situation, we have put forward a relatively universal Software Defined Radio platform whose kernel is multi-DSPs, meanwhile, a kind of multi-DSPs receiver platform which is of
本文对传统的复合系统结构进行了改进，调和了传统结构的复合系统技术参数(包括测距量程、测距精度、测距实时性和通信效率等)对扩频序列的周期的矛盾需求，重点分析了通信测距复合系统对复合码的要求。构建了复合系统的3种工作模式，即基于m_W序列的复合系统、基于完备互补序列的复合系统和基于修正互补序列的复合系统。重点对两种基于互补序列的复合系统抑制干扰和噪声的性能进行了分析，进而论证基于修正互补序列的复合系统在抑制干扰，尤其是多径干扰方面的技术优势。
在复合系统硬件平台实现方面，对复合系统的硬件实现方案进行了讨论和设计，结合复合系统功能的多样性和具体应用场合的复杂性，提出了以多DSP为核心的软件无线电模式作为复合系统的硬件实现模式，并且设计了基于交换网络结构的新型复合系统接收机多DSP平台。为该技术的进一步推广应用奠定了坚实的基础。
In some special occasions, we need to accomplish the spread spectrum communication and orientation simultaneously. In view of this, a multiplex radio communication system should be designed to realize such desired system requirements as the efficiency of communication, the range of telemeter and the precision of telemeter. The multiplex system is a kind of system which integrates the communication and orientation tasks in a single system. We can name it the complex system, too. The traditional complex system has the function of communication and telemetry simultaneously because the DS/SS has the ability of strong discrimination and ranging.
In this paper, the structure of complex system is ameliorated so that the inconsistent of technique parameters has been conciliated in traditional complex system. These parameters include the range of telemeter, the precision of telemeter, the real time ability and the efficiency of communication. The emphasis has been put on the analysis of the concatenated series. We introduce three kinds of multiplex system models, that is the multiplex system based on the m_W sequence, the multiplex system based on the complete complementary series and the multiplex system based on the modified complete complementary series. The anti-interference performance of the two multiplex systems based on the complementary series has been analyzed and compared in detail. The results shows that the multiplex system based on the modified complete complementary series has a lot of technique advantages in the anti-interference performance, especially in the anti-multipath interference aspect.
In the aspect of hardware platform of the complex system, we have discussed and designed several projects. Combining the diversity of the function of the complex system and the complexity of application situation, we have put forward a relatively universal Software Defined Radio platform whose kernel is multi-DSPs, meanwhile, a kind of multi-DSPs receiver platform which is of
引文
[1] 边少锋，李文魁．卫星导航系统概论．电子工业出版社，2005
[2] 导航定位技术(陆基无线电导航系统)．国防科技，2004
[3] 洪大水．GPS全球定位系统技术及应用．厦门大学出版社，1998
[4] 常永字．CDMA无线定位技术及其应用．通信技术，2003[6]：78-81
[5] 郑志斌等．扩频传输体制的几个基本问题．遥测遥控．1998，19(1)：48-50
[6] 孙志国．《扩频通信测距复合系统关键技术的研究》．哈尔滨工程大学，硕士学位论文，2003年
[7] 曾兴雯，裴昌幸．伪随机码的相关特性对软扩频系统性能的影响．电子学报．1997，9(25)：121-124
[8] 朱近康．扩展频谱通信及其应用．中国科技大学出版社，1995
[9] 沈允春．扩谱技术．国防工业出版社，1995
[10] 查光明，熊贤祚．扩频通信．西安电子科技大学出版社，1997
[11] 沈凤麟，叶中付，钱玉美．信号统计分析与处理．中国科技大学出版社，2002
[12] 张贤达，保铮．非平稳信号分析与处理．国防工业出版社，1998
[13] Y Taki, H Miyakawa, M Hatori and S Namba. Even-Shift Orthogonal Sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory. 1969, IT-15:295-300
[14] Xiao Hua Chen, Hak Keong Sim and Pang Shyan Kooi. An Effective CDMA Multi-User Detection Scheme-Orthogonal Decision-Feedback Detection and Its Performance Analysis. IEICE Trans. Commun. 1997, E80-B: 145-155
[15] Sakda Unawong, Shinichi Miyamoto, Norihiko Morinaga. A Novel Receiver Design for DS-CDMA Systems under Impulsive Radio Noise Environments. IEICE Trans. Commun. 1999, E82-B: 936-943
[16] M Tomita, N Kuroyanagi and N suehiro. Estimation CDMA Receiving Noise by Adding An Extra Noise. EICE Technical Report , SST97-13, SAT97-25,June,1997.[17] T Kojima. On the Inter-Cell Interference for the Uplink of CDMA Systems Using Complementary Codes. The 23rd Symposium on Information Theory and its Applications(SITA2000),Japan ,Oct. 10-13,2000.
[18] M Shibatani, N Kuroyanagi, N suehiro, S Ozawa. A CDMA Receiver with Analyzing Function of Matched Filter Output Noise Components", IEICE Technical Report, SST98-7, SAT98-13, June, 1998.
[19] Branislav and M Popovic. Spreading Sequences for Multicarrier CDMA Systems", IEEE Transactions on communications, Vol.47, NO.6, June 1999.
[20] N Suehiro and M Hatori. N-shift Cross-Orthogonal Sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf.Th., VOL.34, No.1, pp143-146, Sept.1988.
[21] C C Tseng and C L Liu. Complementary sets of sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf.Th. ,IT-18,No. 5,pp644-652,Sept. 1972.
[22] M J E Golay. Complementary series. IRE Trans.Inf.Th, IT-18,No.5,pp644 -652,sept. 1972.
[23] James L Massey. Shift-Register Synthesis and BCH Decoding. IEEE Transaction on Information Theory, Vol. IT-15,No. 1 ,pp 122-127,Jan 1969.
[24] 王晓燕，郭黎利．二元互补序列两个重要性质的研究．通信技术．2003，3
[25] 郭黎利，郝志勇，王晓燕．基于修正互补序列CDMA系统加修正原理及DSP实现．哈尔滨工程大学学报．2003，24(3)
[26] 孙志国，孙甲琦，郭黎利．一种改进的通信测距复合系统抗窄带干扰性能的研究．电子与信息学报．2004，6
[27] Gardner W A. Spectral Correlation of Modulated signals: Part Ⅰ-Analog Modulation. IEEE Trans.Commun.. 1987,COM-35(6): 584-594
[28] 郭黎利．具有DS／FH频谱特性的复合序列扩频通信方式．哈尔滨工程大学学报．1998，19(4)：24-30
[29] 唐瑜．扩频通信中组台自适应抗干扰技术．电子科技大学学报．1998,27(2)：123-128
[30] 杨家兴，王晓春．一种强抗干扰能力的时延估计新算法．信息工程学院学报．1994，1(13)：17-24
[31] 冯小平．扩频通信信号的到达时间差估计算法．西安电子科技大学学报．??2000,1 (27): 17-27
[32] William A GARDNER. The Spectral Correlation Theory of Cyclo-stationary Time-Series. Signal Processing. 1986,11 (7):13-36
[33] 基于DSP并行处理系统的虚拟仪器设计方法的研究．浙江：浙江大学博士学位论文
[34] DSP(TMS320C40)并行处理系统的设计与研究，北京：中国科学院声学研究所博士学位论文
[35] 基于高性能DSP-TMS320C40的多处理机系统的研究与设计．浙江：浙江大学博士学位论文
[36] 屈玉贵，梁晓雯．并行处理系统结构．合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社，1999
[37] 康继昌，朱怡安．现代并行计算机原理．西安：西北工业大学出版社，1997
[38] 任骊平，陈玉骞．多DSP系统互连方案分析．电子技术应用．2002．4：50-52
[39] 邵子立，孙世新，宋杰．基于环网的多DSP系统的并行算法的设计．计算机研究与发展．2002．7(37)：807-812
[40] 孙莉，吴顺君，苏涛．DSP并行系统设计方法研究．计算机应用研究．2002(9)：68-70
[41] 董晖，姜秋喜，毕大平．二维FFT在TMS320系列DSP中的实现．雷达与对抗．2002．1：34-38
[42] Analog Devices, Inc. AD9280 — Complete 8-bit, 32 MSPS, 95 mW CMOS A D Converter Data Sheet, 1999.8
[43] Texas Instruments Incorporated. SN74V225 1024×18 DSP-SYNC FIRST-IN FIRST-OUT MEMORIES, 2002.9
[44] Texas Instruments Incorporated. Using TI FIFOs to Interface High-Speed Data Converters with TI TMS320 DSPs. 2001.7
[45] Texas Instruments Incorporated. Shared Memory Interface With TMS320C54×DSP. 1998.4
[46] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C54×DSP Reference Set, Volume??5: Enhanced Peripherals, 1996.10
[47] Texas Instruments Incorporated. JTAG/MPSD Emulation Technical Reference. 1994.12
[48] Texas Instruments Incorporated. Using Broadcast Commands for Multiprocessor System Debug with XDS510/XDS560 Emulator. 2002.5
[49] Joe M. Software Radio, technology challenges and opportunities. First European Workshop on Software Radios. 1997.5
[50] 王际兵，赵明，姚彦．软件无线电实现方案研究．通信学报．2000．3(21)：70-74页
[51] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 DSP Multiprocessing With a Crossbar Switch. 2001.2
[2] 导航定位技术(陆基无线电导航系统)．国防科技，2004
[3] 洪大水．GPS全球定位系统技术及应用．厦门大学出版社，1998
[4] 常永字．CDMA无线定位技术及其应用．通信技术，2003[6]：78-81
[5] 郑志斌等．扩频传输体制的几个基本问题．遥测遥控．1998，19(1)：48-50
[6] 孙志国．《扩频通信测距复合系统关键技术的研究》．哈尔滨工程大学，硕士学位论文，2003年
[7] 曾兴雯，裴昌幸．伪随机码的相关特性对软扩频系统性能的影响．电子学报．1997，9(25)：121-124
[8] 朱近康．扩展频谱通信及其应用．中国科技大学出版社，1995
[9] 沈允春．扩谱技术．国防工业出版社，1995
[10] 查光明，熊贤祚．扩频通信．西安电子科技大学出版社，1997
[11] 沈凤麟，叶中付，钱玉美．信号统计分析与处理．中国科技大学出版社，2002
[12] 张贤达，保铮．非平稳信号分析与处理．国防工业出版社，1998
[13] Y Taki, H Miyakawa, M Hatori and S Namba. Even-Shift Orthogonal Sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory. 1969, IT-15:295-300
[14] Xiao Hua Chen, Hak Keong Sim and Pang Shyan Kooi. An Effective CDMA Multi-User Detection Scheme-Orthogonal Decision-Feedback Detection and Its Performance Analysis. IEICE Trans. Commun. 1997, E80-B: 145-155
[15] Sakda Unawong, Shinichi Miyamoto, Norihiko Morinaga. A Novel Receiver Design for DS-CDMA Systems under Impulsive Radio Noise Environments. IEICE Trans. Commun. 1999, E82-B: 936-943
[16] M Tomita, N Kuroyanagi and N suehiro. Estimation CDMA Receiving Noise by Adding An Extra Noise. EICE Technical Report , SST97-13, SAT97-25,June,1997.[17] T Kojima. On the Inter-Cell Interference for the Uplink of CDMA Systems Using Complementary Codes. The 23rd Symposium on Information Theory and its Applications(SITA2000),Japan ,Oct. 10-13,2000.
[18] M Shibatani, N Kuroyanagi, N suehiro, S Ozawa. A CDMA Receiver with Analyzing Function of Matched Filter Output Noise Components", IEICE Technical Report, SST98-7, SAT98-13, June, 1998.
[19] Branislav and M Popovic. Spreading Sequences for Multicarrier CDMA Systems", IEEE Transactions on communications, Vol.47, NO.6, June 1999.
[20] N Suehiro and M Hatori. N-shift Cross-Orthogonal Sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf.Th., VOL.34, No.1, pp143-146, Sept.1988.
[21] C C Tseng and C L Liu. Complementary sets of sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf.Th. ,IT-18,No. 5,pp644-652,Sept. 1972.
[22] M J E Golay. Complementary series. IRE Trans.Inf.Th, IT-18,No.5,pp644 -652,sept. 1972.
[23] James L Massey. Shift-Register Synthesis and BCH Decoding. IEEE Transaction on Information Theory, Vol. IT-15,No. 1 ,pp 122-127,Jan 1969.
[24] 王晓燕，郭黎利．二元互补序列两个重要性质的研究．通信技术．2003，3
[25] 郭黎利，郝志勇，王晓燕．基于修正互补序列CDMA系统加修正原理及DSP实现．哈尔滨工程大学学报．2003，24(3)
[26] 孙志国，孙甲琦，郭黎利．一种改进的通信测距复合系统抗窄带干扰性能的研究．电子与信息学报．2004，6
[27] Gardner W A. Spectral Correlation of Modulated signals: Part Ⅰ-Analog Modulation. IEEE Trans.Commun.. 1987,COM-35(6): 584-594
[28] 郭黎利．具有DS／FH频谱特性的复合序列扩频通信方式．哈尔滨工程大学学报．1998，19(4)：24-30
[29] 唐瑜．扩频通信中组台自适应抗干扰技术．电子科技大学学报．1998,27(2)：123-128
[30] 杨家兴，王晓春．一种强抗干扰能力的时延估计新算法．信息工程学院学报．1994，1(13)：17-24
[31] 冯小平．扩频通信信号的到达时间差估计算法．西安电子科技大学学报．??2000,1 (27): 17-27
[32] William A GARDNER. The Spectral Correlation Theory of Cyclo-stationary Time-Series. Signal Processing. 1986,11 (7):13-36
[33] 基于DSP并行处理系统的虚拟仪器设计方法的研究．浙江：浙江大学博士学位论文
[34] DSP(TMS320C40)并行处理系统的设计与研究，北京：中国科学院声学研究所博士学位论文
[35] 基于高性能DSP-TMS320C40的多处理机系统的研究与设计．浙江：浙江大学博士学位论文
[36] 屈玉贵，梁晓雯．并行处理系统结构．合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社，1999
[37] 康继昌，朱怡安．现代并行计算机原理．西安：西北工业大学出版社，1997
[38] 任骊平，陈玉骞．多DSP系统互连方案分析．电子技术应用．2002．4：50-52
[39] 邵子立，孙世新，宋杰．基于环网的多DSP系统的并行算法的设计．计算机研究与发展．2002．7(37)：807-812
[40] 孙莉，吴顺君，苏涛．DSP并行系统设计方法研究．计算机应用研究．2002(9)：68-70
[41] 董晖，姜秋喜，毕大平．二维FFT在TMS320系列DSP中的实现．雷达与对抗．2002．1：34-38
[42] Analog Devices, Inc. AD9280 — Complete 8-bit, 32 MSPS, 95 mW CMOS A D Converter Data Sheet, 1999.8
[43] Texas Instruments Incorporated. SN74V225 1024×18 DSP-SYNC FIRST-IN FIRST-OUT MEMORIES, 2002.9
[44] Texas Instruments Incorporated. Using TI FIFOs to Interface High-Speed Data Converters with TI TMS320 DSPs. 2001.7
[45] Texas Instruments Incorporated. Shared Memory Interface With TMS320C54×DSP. 1998.4
[46] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C54×DSP Reference Set, Volume??5: Enhanced Peripherals, 1996.10
[47] Texas Instruments Incorporated. JTAG/MPSD Emulation Technical Reference. 1994.12
[48] Texas Instruments Incorporated. Using Broadcast Commands for Multiprocessor System Debug with XDS510/XDS560 Emulator. 2002.5
[49] Joe M. Software Radio, technology challenges and opportunities. First European Workshop on Software Radios. 1997.5
[50] 王际兵，赵明，姚彦．软件无线电实现方案研究．通信学报．2000．3(21)：70-74页
[51] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C6000 DSP Multiprocessing With a Crossbar Switch. 2001.2