基于云架构的风险监测系统设计与关键技术研究
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摘要
核安全是核电发展的生命线,风险监测器软件是在概率安全评价技术基础上发展起来的,它可以实时跟踪核电站的配置并根据配置状态快速计算风险水平,可以辅助维修计划优化以避免出现风险值超过阈值,为核电站日常运行和安全管理提供建议。还可优化技术规格说明书,减少不必要停堆以提高核电站经济性。
在充分调研国内外风险监测器软件的发展现状后,发现目前风险监测器软件在架构设计上普遍采用的单机、C/S和B/S架构,存在不方便使用、升级维护困难和多并发计算导致计算资源不足的问题,其在核电站中与其他系统之间的协同不够导致该系统成为孤岛,一定程度上增加了核电站工作人员的工作负担,影响其在核电站中的普遍使用。此外,目前的计算速度,尤其是多用户并发和大规模维修计划风险计算已不能满足风险监测器未来发展的需求。
针对目前风险监测器软件存在的问题,论文以设计一套实时、快速、安全、友好的核电站风险监测系统为目标,结合最先进的web应用技术开展了系统的功能结构、系统架构、数据库以及系统安全性设计工作,然后针对风险监测系统设计与实现过程中的精确快速计算和与用户友好交互两个关键问题进行了详细研究和实现。(1)设计了一套适用于风险监测系统的在线风险计算、维修计划优化以及专业风险分析的计算流程,对用于定性分析和定量计算的割集法与重解法计算方法和处理逻辑进行了深入研究；(2)从充分利用单机计算能力和云平台计算资源的角度上,提出了多核并行计算和分布式云计算相结合的加速算法；(3)在数据库设计方面进行了基于Oracle数据库的设计优化、采用数据库连接池技术、利用二进制唯一标示割集文件并发展了基于树型的多层存储结构,从而提升了数据库的性能,最终可以提高系统的相应速度；(4)对于半对数坐标系方法、“插点法”、Flot绘图包和AJAX技术进行了深入研究,并进行改造应用,加强了系统与用户的交互性,实现了风险曲线图向用户实时直观展现和交互风险情况。利用Flex技术开发的维修计划甘特图可以方便用户动态调整维修计划,从而制定最优维修计划。
论文在前期工作基础上研发了风险监测系统RiskAngel3.0,充分考虑多用户之间以及其与核电站其他系统如故障诊断、运行日志、维修计划管理等系统之间的协同,该系统已通过秦山第三核电厂例题的校核,验证了其正确性。最后介绍系统部分功能在秦山第三核电厂风险管理和优化电厂技术规格书方面的应用。
Nuclear safety is the lifeblood of the development of nuclear energy. Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA) plays a significant role in the nuclear power plant. Risk monitor is a real-time analysis tool to determine the point-in-time risk based on actual plant configuration, which is an important application of PSA. Risk monitor can also evaluate schedules'feasibility and adjust them to avoid the risk peaks and optimize the Technical Specifications (TS), which can improve the safety and economics of nuclear energy.
Based on the study of the development of risk monitor, two problems were found. The first one was that most the architecture of risk monitors were based on single computer, Clinet/Server(C/S) or Browser/Server(B/S), which cannot be used conveniently and maintained easily and can also lead to be lack of resource because of large-scale computing. The other was that risk monitor cannot collaborative with other systems in nuclear power plant, which added the staff's workload and affected the universal use. In additional, the speed of risk monitor can not satisfy with the users'need.
The target of the study was to design a risk monitor characterized with real-time, quick, safety and friendly. The system's structure, architecture and database were designed combined with web technology. Then two key and difficult problems were studied and implemented, one was computing's accuracy and speed, the other was the system's ability interactive with users. To solve them four steps were adopted.(1)Calculation flow for on-line computing, maintenance plan optimizing and professional risk analysis suited in risk monitor was designed;(2)Multi-core parallel computing and distributed cloud computing technology were used in accelerating the system's speed;(3)Optimization based on Oracle, database connection pool technology and cut set files stored method based on binary feature values was introduced into improving the database's performance;(4) Risk profile and Gantt chart were used to present risk to users and interactive with them about maintenance plan.
Base on the key technology's study, RiskAngel3.0was implemented and tested to prove its accuracy. Then the RiskAngel3.0's application in the TQNPP (Third Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant) was introduced.
在充分调研国内外风险监测器软件的发展现状后,发现目前风险监测器软件在架构设计上普遍采用的单机、C/S和B/S架构,存在不方便使用、升级维护困难和多并发计算导致计算资源不足的问题,其在核电站中与其他系统之间的协同不够导致该系统成为孤岛,一定程度上增加了核电站工作人员的工作负担,影响其在核电站中的普遍使用。此外,目前的计算速度,尤其是多用户并发和大规模维修计划风险计算已不能满足风险监测器未来发展的需求。
针对目前风险监测器软件存在的问题,论文以设计一套实时、快速、安全、友好的核电站风险监测系统为目标,结合最先进的web应用技术开展了系统的功能结构、系统架构、数据库以及系统安全性设计工作,然后针对风险监测系统设计与实现过程中的精确快速计算和与用户友好交互两个关键问题进行了详细研究和实现。(1)设计了一套适用于风险监测系统的在线风险计算、维修计划优化以及专业风险分析的计算流程,对用于定性分析和定量计算的割集法与重解法计算方法和处理逻辑进行了深入研究；(2)从充分利用单机计算能力和云平台计算资源的角度上,提出了多核并行计算和分布式云计算相结合的加速算法；(3)在数据库设计方面进行了基于Oracle数据库的设计优化、采用数据库连接池技术、利用二进制唯一标示割集文件并发展了基于树型的多层存储结构,从而提升了数据库的性能,最终可以提高系统的相应速度；(4)对于半对数坐标系方法、“插点法”、Flot绘图包和AJAX技术进行了深入研究,并进行改造应用,加强了系统与用户的交互性,实现了风险曲线图向用户实时直观展现和交互风险情况。利用Flex技术开发的维修计划甘特图可以方便用户动态调整维修计划,从而制定最优维修计划。
论文在前期工作基础上研发了风险监测系统RiskAngel3.0,充分考虑多用户之间以及其与核电站其他系统如故障诊断、运行日志、维修计划管理等系统之间的协同,该系统已通过秦山第三核电厂例题的校核,验证了其正确性。最后介绍系统部分功能在秦山第三核电厂风险管理和优化电厂技术规格书方面的应用。
Nuclear safety is the lifeblood of the development of nuclear energy. Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA) plays a significant role in the nuclear power plant. Risk monitor is a real-time analysis tool to determine the point-in-time risk based on actual plant configuration, which is an important application of PSA. Risk monitor can also evaluate schedules'feasibility and adjust them to avoid the risk peaks and optimize the Technical Specifications (TS), which can improve the safety and economics of nuclear energy.
Based on the study of the development of risk monitor, two problems were found. The first one was that most the architecture of risk monitors were based on single computer, Clinet/Server(C/S) or Browser/Server(B/S), which cannot be used conveniently and maintained easily and can also lead to be lack of resource because of large-scale computing. The other was that risk monitor cannot collaborative with other systems in nuclear power plant, which added the staff's workload and affected the universal use. In additional, the speed of risk monitor can not satisfy with the users'need.
The target of the study was to design a risk monitor characterized with real-time, quick, safety and friendly. The system's structure, architecture and database were designed combined with web technology. Then two key and difficult problems were studied and implemented, one was computing's accuracy and speed, the other was the system's ability interactive with users. To solve them four steps were adopted.(1)Calculation flow for on-line computing, maintenance plan optimizing and professional risk analysis suited in risk monitor was designed;(2)Multi-core parallel computing and distributed cloud computing technology were used in accelerating the system's speed;(3)Optimization based on Oracle, database connection pool technology and cut set files stored method based on binary feature values was introduced into improving the database's performance;(4) Risk profile and Gantt chart were used to present risk to users and interactive with them about maintenance plan.
Base on the key technology's study, RiskAngel3.0was implemented and tested to prove its accuracy. Then the RiskAngel3.0's application in the TQNPP (Third Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant) was introduced.
引文
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