面向CAX技术信息集成的协同工作环境的实现技术
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摘要
CLTIS(春兰技术信息集成系统)作为一个面向CAx技术的信息集成系统，代表着新一代的产品设计和生产模式。在CLTIS框架中，分布在异地的CAD、CAE、CAM等人员，为了集成化的要求，需要按照并行工程的思想实现协同工作，因此引入了计算机支持的协同工作(CSCW)环境。
本文首先对CSCW环境进行了全面系统地综述。进而描述了CLTIS框架中与CSCW环境相关的系统结构，其中包括协作支持模型、交互模型、功能模型和数据库管理。在此基础上，详细分析组成CSCW环境的协同支持平台和协同应用工具。协作支持平台是协同工作的基础，本文描述了在CLTIS系统中用单一网络传输所有信息：实时语音、共享视频、共享白板等多媒体信息的通信模型；协同应用包括多种直接提供给用户使用的一般协作工具、专用设计工具集和群体决策工具。最后针对CLTIS已实现的协同环境部分，从体系结构、网络基础、实现要点和功能等几方面概述了实现要点。
As an integrated information system, CLTIS (Chunlan Technology Information Integrated System) will be the representation of the newly generation of production design & manufacture mode. In the frame system of CLTIS, distributed designers of CAD ^ CAE> CAM will work cooperatively according to the idea of concurrent engineering.
After a careful studying on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), coordinate support model, internal model. function model and database manage system related with CLTIS are proposed in this paper. CSCW consists of two parts, CSCW supporting platform and some applications, the CSCW supporting platform is the base of CSCW, it transports all forms of information: video, audio and whiteboard with a single network. Applications consists of kinds of generic tools , special tools and group support tool. From architecture, network base and function, designing and programming application tools used in CLTIS are described.
本文首先对CSCW环境进行了全面系统地综述。进而描述了CLTIS框架中与CSCW环境相关的系统结构，其中包括协作支持模型、交互模型、功能模型和数据库管理。在此基础上，详细分析组成CSCW环境的协同支持平台和协同应用工具。协作支持平台是协同工作的基础，本文描述了在CLTIS系统中用单一网络传输所有信息：实时语音、共享视频、共享白板等多媒体信息的通信模型；协同应用包括多种直接提供给用户使用的一般协作工具、专用设计工具集和群体决策工具。最后针对CLTIS已实现的协同环境部分，从体系结构、网络基础、实现要点和功能等几方面概述了实现要点。
As an integrated information system, CLTIS (Chunlan Technology Information Integrated System) will be the representation of the newly generation of production design & manufacture mode. In the frame system of CLTIS, distributed designers of CAD ^ CAE> CAM will work cooperatively according to the idea of concurrent engineering.
After a careful studying on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), coordinate support model, internal model. function model and database manage system related with CLTIS are proposed in this paper. CSCW consists of two parts, CSCW supporting platform and some applications, the CSCW supporting platform is the base of CSCW, it transports all forms of information: video, audio and whiteboard with a single network. Applications consists of kinds of generic tools , special tools and group support tool. From architecture, network base and function, designing and programming application tools used in CLTIS are described.
引文
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[2] J.Grudin, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: History and Focus, IEEE Computer. 1994 (5)
[3] K.cronbaek et al., CSCW Challenges: Cooperative design in Engineering Projects, CACM. 1999 (4)
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[12] Saad M, Lou Maher M. Shared understanding in computer-supported collaborative design. Computer Aided Design 1996.28(3): 183-192
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[15] Kazuo Watabe et al.,Distributed Desktop Conferencing System with Multiuser Multimedia Interface, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication ,Vol. 9,No. 4,MAY 1993:34-46
[16] Willian J. Clark,Multipoint Multimedia Conferencing IEEE Communication Magazine.May 1992:44-50
[17] J.F.Nunamaker. Electronic Meeting System to Support Group Work. Communications of the ACM. 1993.34(7) :40-61
[18] Malone T W. The interdisciplinary study of coordination. ACM Computing Surveys. 1998,26(1):87-119
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[20] Geert J.Heijenk,Xinli Hou. Communication Systems Supporting Multimedia Mulli-user Application. IEEE Network. 1994(1):34-44
[21] James D.P,et al., Multigroup Design-support Systems in CSCW, IEEE Computer, 1994.27(4)
[22] Shicheng Tian.Malcolm K Crowe. Four Issue of Collaboration-Transparent Document Conferencing Systems. Proceedings of International Workshop on CSCW in Design,. Beijing May, 1996
[23] Intel Com. Intel Proshare Video System~(TM). 2000
[24] PictureTel Com. PictureTel550~(TM). 2000
[25] Lotus Com. Lotus LearningSpace~(TM). 2000
[26] 程莉等．计算机支持的合作工作．微型计算机，1994，14(4)：17-20
[27] 杜兴，谢立，孙钟秀．计算机辅助的协同工作．计算机科学，1994，21(1)：12-16
[28] 郑庆华，李人厚等．CSCW的理论、实现办法与应用．计算机科学，1997，23(5)：18-23
[29] 郑庆华，李人厚．CSCW的一种建模与实现方法．计算机学报，1998，21(8)：270-276
[30] 黄锡伟，毕厚杰．计算机支持的协同工作(CSCW)研究和设计．计算机工程与应用，1998，6：31-34
[31] 马先林，郭玉钗，林守勋等．协同工作的人与人交互界面．计算机研究与发展．1997，34(9)：12-15
[32] 林宗楷，马先林．CSCW专题综述．计算机世界．1995(9)：101-119
[33] 王箭，张福炎．视频会议系统综述．计算机科学，1998，25(1)：67-71
[34] 孙春艳．一个实用邮件系统的设计与实现．计算机应用研究．1998．1：116-118
[35] 孙春艳．UNIX和Windows NT之间实现远程过程调用，计算机工程．1999，25(8)：101-102
[36] 陈立挺，鲁东明，潘云鹤．CSCW对分布式系统的集成和发展．计算机科学，1998，24(1)：11-15
[37] 陈立挺，张裔智，鲁东明．CSCW功能特征概括．计算机应用与软件，2001，18(6)：15-19
[38] 闫纪红，吴澄，姜浩．产品开发活动的并行规划．计算机集成制造系统—CIMS，2001，7(2)：6-9
[39] 祝世京．多人多目标冲突问题的理论与方法研究．华中理工大学，1993
[40] Robeo Summers. Microsoft NetMeeting 正式读本．人民邮电出版社．1998
[41] 陈珽．决策分析．科学出版社，1996
[42] 熊光楞，徐文胜，张和明，范文慧等．并行工程的理论与实践．清华大学出版社．施普林格出版社，2001
[2] J.Grudin, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: History and Focus, IEEE Computer. 1994 (5)
[3] K.cronbaek et al., CSCW Challenges: Cooperative design in Engineering Projects, CACM. 1999 (4)
[4] W.reinhard et al., CSCW Tools: Concepts and Architecture, IEEE Computer, (5) 1994
[5] Coulson G, Williams N. Group presentation of multimedia application in IXION. Computer Communication, 1991.14 (4): 201-215
[6] Chert Tsang-Min et al. Design and implementation of a desktop computer supported cooperative work system. IEEE Trans Consumer Electronics. 1994, 40 (4): 827-835
[7] Walter Reinhard,Jean SchWeitzer, and Gerd Volksen, CSCW Tools: Concepts and Architectures, IEEE Computer, Vol.27,No.5,May 1994
[8] Richard Bentley et al.. Architectural Support for Cooperative Multi-user Interfaces, IEEE Computer, Vol.27.No.5.May 1994
[9] Tou l,et al. Prototyping synchronous group application. IEEE Computer. Vol.27,No.5,May 1994
[10] Reinhard W, Schweitzer J.CSCW tools: concepts and architectures. IEEE Computer. 1998. 31(7): 28-36
[11] Sakata S. Development and evaluation of an in house multimedia desktop conference system. IEEE J Selected Area in Communication, 1990, 8(3):340-347
[12] Saad M, Lou Maher M. Shared understanding in computer-supported collaborative design. Computer Aided Design 1996.28(3): 183-192
[13] Tollmar K, Sundblad Y. The design and building of the graphic user interface for the collaborative desktop. Computer Graphics, 1995, 19(2): 179-188
[14] Gross T, Traunmuller R. Methodological considerations on design of CSCW. Cybernetics and System, 1996, 27:279-302
[15] Kazuo Watabe et al.,Distributed Desktop Conferencing System with Multiuser Multimedia Interface, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication ,Vol. 9,No. 4,MAY 1993:34-46
[16] Willian J. Clark,Multipoint Multimedia Conferencing IEEE Communication Magazine.May 1992:44-50
[17] J.F.Nunamaker. Electronic Meeting System to Support Group Work. Communications of the ACM. 1993.34(7) :40-61
[18] Malone T W. The interdisciplinary study of coordination. ACM Computing Surveys. 1998,26(1):87-119
[19] Chaudhury A. Deng P S. R,Rathnam S. A computational model of coordination. IEEE Transactions on S.M.C.. 1999.26(1):132-214
[20] Geert J.Heijenk,Xinli Hou. Communication Systems Supporting Multimedia Mulli-user Application. IEEE Network. 1994(1):34-44
[21] James D.P,et al., Multigroup Design-support Systems in CSCW, IEEE Computer, 1994.27(4)
[22] Shicheng Tian.Malcolm K Crowe. Four Issue of Collaboration-Transparent Document Conferencing Systems. Proceedings of International Workshop on CSCW in Design,. Beijing May, 1996
[23] Intel Com. Intel Proshare Video System~(TM). 2000
[24] PictureTel Com. PictureTel550~(TM). 2000
[25] Lotus Com. Lotus LearningSpace~(TM). 2000
[26] 程莉等．计算机支持的合作工作．微型计算机，1994，14(4)：17-20
[27] 杜兴，谢立，孙钟秀．计算机辅助的协同工作．计算机科学，1994，21(1)：12-16
[28] 郑庆华，李人厚等．CSCW的理论、实现办法与应用．计算机科学，1997，23(5)：18-23
[29] 郑庆华，李人厚．CSCW的一种建模与实现方法．计算机学报，1998，21(8)：270-276
[30] 黄锡伟，毕厚杰．计算机支持的协同工作(CSCW)研究和设计．计算机工程与应用，1998，6：31-34
[31] 马先林，郭玉钗，林守勋等．协同工作的人与人交互界面．计算机研究与发展．1997，34(9)：12-15
[32] 林宗楷，马先林．CSCW专题综述．计算机世界．1995(9)：101-119
[33] 王箭，张福炎．视频会议系统综述．计算机科学，1998，25(1)：67-71
[34] 孙春艳．一个实用邮件系统的设计与实现．计算机应用研究．1998．1：116-118
[35] 孙春艳．UNIX和Windows NT之间实现远程过程调用，计算机工程．1999，25(8)：101-102
[36] 陈立挺，鲁东明，潘云鹤．CSCW对分布式系统的集成和发展．计算机科学，1998，24(1)：11-15
[37] 陈立挺，张裔智，鲁东明．CSCW功能特征概括．计算机应用与软件，2001，18(6)：15-19
[38] 闫纪红，吴澄，姜浩．产品开发活动的并行规划．计算机集成制造系统—CIMS，2001，7(2)：6-9
[39] 祝世京．多人多目标冲突问题的理论与方法研究．华中理工大学，1993
[40] Robeo Summers. Microsoft NetMeeting 正式读本．人民邮电出版社．1998
[41] 陈珽．决策分析．科学出版社，1996
[42] 熊光楞，徐文胜，张和明，范文慧等．并行工程的理论与实践．清华大学出版社．施普林格出版社，2001