基于DSP的开关磁阻电机调速系统实验平台设计
摘要
开关磁阻电机是电机技术与现代电力电子技术、微机控制技术相结合的产物，既具有结构简单坚固、成本低、容错能力强，耐高温等优点，又在高度发展的电力电子和微机控制技术的支持下获得了良好的可控性能。因此，开关磁阻电机在驱动调速领域得到了广泛的应用。
本文主要围绕着基于DSP芯片、作为实验教具使用而设计了小功率开关磁阻电机调速系统(Switched Reluctance Driver,简称SRD)平台，并展开了进一步的理论研究和实践探索。
首先，本文结合大量的文献资料，全面总结和分析了当前开关磁阻电机调速系统的几大优势，进一步明确了在教学中加强对开发开关磁阻电机调速系统认识的意义。
其次，总结阐释了开关磁阻电机的运行和控制机理，以及在各种运行状态下各控制方式的性能比较。
其三，详细推导了SRM电机的线性和非线性模型的，并在此基础上采用MATLAB仿真工具进行了一系列定性分析，获得了相应理论成果。
其四，基于DSP控制技术和电力电子变流技术，开发设计了一套开关磁阻电机调速系统实验平台。合理的系统设计方案使得SRM电机在控制上优越性得到了充分的发挥。
最后，对上述系统进行了实验研究。通过研究对比分析，进一步验证了和深化了前文所取得一些理论成果，同时也表明系统设计合理，易于使用，性能可靠，对提高实验研究水平与提高实验效率效果明显。
As the representative of modern electrical machines, switched reluctance machine combines the electrical machine theories with the modem power electronics technique and the advanced microprocessor control technique, which not only has low-cost strong structure, good fault-tolerant and heat-resistant capability but also has excellent controllability. Thus, switched reluctance machine as motor is widely used in drive and speed regulation field.
This paper mainly focuses on the design of the experimental platform for switched reluctance driver based on DSP, and has done some further theoretic research as well as experimental research.
Firstly, this paper summarized and analyzed the advantages of SRD, further made the significance of developing this knowledge of SRD system clear.
Secondly, this paper summarized how switched reluctance generator works and how to control it and the compare based on each control principle.
Thirdly, in this chapter, the linear and nonlinear mathematic models of SRM were discussed in details. Simulation of SRM using MATLAB software and a series of qualitative analysis were conducted.
Fourthly, a set of practical SRD system for experimental is developed, which based on DSP control technique and power electronics converting technique. The reasonable design of this system fully displayed the flexibility of SRD control.
Finally, experiments have been done on this practical system. The experimental results validated and deepened the conclusions drawn from theoretical research. The compare between the results from experiments and simulation also testified the practicability of the mathematical models presented in this paper. The results fully approved the usability and reliability for the system. It helps a lot to the efficiency of experimentation.
本文主要围绕着基于DSP芯片、作为实验教具使用而设计了小功率开关磁阻电机调速系统(Switched Reluctance Driver,简称SRD)平台，并展开了进一步的理论研究和实践探索。
首先，本文结合大量的文献资料，全面总结和分析了当前开关磁阻电机调速系统的几大优势，进一步明确了在教学中加强对开发开关磁阻电机调速系统认识的意义。
其次，总结阐释了开关磁阻电机的运行和控制机理，以及在各种运行状态下各控制方式的性能比较。
其三，详细推导了SRM电机的线性和非线性模型的，并在此基础上采用MATLAB仿真工具进行了一系列定性分析，获得了相应理论成果。
其四，基于DSP控制技术和电力电子变流技术，开发设计了一套开关磁阻电机调速系统实验平台。合理的系统设计方案使得SRM电机在控制上优越性得到了充分的发挥。
最后，对上述系统进行了实验研究。通过研究对比分析，进一步验证了和深化了前文所取得一些理论成果，同时也表明系统设计合理，易于使用，性能可靠，对提高实验研究水平与提高实验效率效果明显。
As the representative of modern electrical machines, switched reluctance machine combines the electrical machine theories with the modem power electronics technique and the advanced microprocessor control technique, which not only has low-cost strong structure, good fault-tolerant and heat-resistant capability but also has excellent controllability. Thus, switched reluctance machine as motor is widely used in drive and speed regulation field.
This paper mainly focuses on the design of the experimental platform for switched reluctance driver based on DSP, and has done some further theoretic research as well as experimental research.
Firstly, this paper summarized and analyzed the advantages of SRD, further made the significance of developing this knowledge of SRD system clear.
Secondly, this paper summarized how switched reluctance generator works and how to control it and the compare based on each control principle.
Thirdly, in this chapter, the linear and nonlinear mathematic models of SRM were discussed in details. Simulation of SRM using MATLAB software and a series of qualitative analysis were conducted.
Fourthly, a set of practical SRD system for experimental is developed, which based on DSP control technique and power electronics converting technique. The reasonable design of this system fully displayed the flexibility of SRD control.
Finally, experiments have been done on this practical system. The experimental results validated and deepened the conclusions drawn from theoretical research. The compare between the results from experiments and simulation also testified the practicability of the mathematical models presented in this paper. The results fully approved the usability and reliability for the system. It helps a lot to the efficiency of experimentation.
引文
[1] 詹琼华，开关磁阻电动机，华中理工大学出版社[M]，1992
[2] 王宏华，开关磁阻电机调速控制技术[M]。机械工业出版社，1995
[3] 丘亦惠，马志源，詹琼华，开关磁阻电机调速系统电流环的数字控制[J]，微电机，1999，32
[4] 陈昊，谢桂林，张超，开关磁阻电机功率变换器主电路研究[J]，电力电子技术，2000，3
[5] 廖海平，陈永校，新型永磁式开关磁阻电机及其驱动系统研究[J]，中小型电机，1999，26
[6] 宋文超，林永，开关磁阻电机调速系统[J]，煤炭科学技术，第29卷第9期
[7] 樊小明，经亚枝，开关磁阻电机的一种无位置检测器方案的研究[J]，电工技术学报，1997，12
[8] 李俊卿，李和明，开关磁阻电机发展综述[J]，华北电力大学学报，第29卷第3期，2002，1
[9] 葛宝明，王样颠，苏鹏声，开关磁阻电机控制策略综述[J]，电气传动，2001，2
[10] 刘闯，刘迪吉，一种无位置传感器的开关磁阻发电机控制策略的研究[J]，中国电机工程学报 2002，22(6)．
[11] 赵光新，詹琼华，开关磁阻电机调速系统中电流检测器的研究[J]，电工电能新技术 1989，3
[12] 刘敏，周建国，SR电机调速系统技术研究热点[J]，中小型电机 2001，028(005)
[13] 陈昊，谢桂林，两种开关磁阻电机系统的对比研究[J]，中国矿业大学学报 2000，29(5)
[14] 廖海平，陈永校，永磁式开关磁阻电机原理及特性分析[J]，浙江大学学报：工学版 2000，34(5)
[15] 廖海平，林瑞光，基于新型功率变换器的SRM微机控制系统[J]，微特电机 1997，25(5)
[16] 王宏华，2.2KW开关磁阻电动机功率变换器设计[J]，电力电子技术，1995，2
[17] 陈隆昌等，开关磁阻电机驱动系统的特点和性能[J]，微特电机，1991，6
[18] 王宏华等，用晶闸管斩波器控制相电压的开关磁阻电动机双闭环调速系统[J]，电气传动，1992，6
[19] 廖海平，新型永磁式开关磁阻电动机[博士学位论文]，浙江大学 1998
[20] 刘迪吉等，开关磁阻调速电动机[M]，机械工业出版社，1994
[21] 王宏华，开关磁阻电动机调速系统的设计与研究，[硕士论文]，华南理工大学，1992
[22] 高超等，开关磁阻电机系统低速运行的性能与控制方式[J]，电气传动，1991，3
[23] 王宏华，开关磁阻电动机调速系统[J]，电气自动化，1995，1
[24] 赵光新，开关磁阻电动机调速系统中电流检测器的研究[J]，电工电能新技术，1993，3
[25] 彭志瑾，电气传动与调速系统[M]，北京理工大学出版社，1992
[26] 郑洪涛，开关磁阻电机调速系统[博士学位论文]，浙江大学，2003
[27] 徐国卿等，开关磁阻电机的最优化开关角控制规律的研究[J]，铁道学报，1999，1
[28] 黄建中等，开关磁阻电机的控制模式[J]，电气传动，1997，5
[29] 刘剑等，开关磁阻电机无位置传感技术研究[J]，中小型电机，1998，25(4)
[30] 毛良明等，开关磁阻电机间接位置检测方案研究[J]，中小型电机，1999，26(4)
[31] 詹琼华等，开关磁阻电机电容式位置检测技术[J]，电工技术学报，1999，14(3)
[32] 傅丰礼等，开关磁阻电机[J]，电工技术，1994，2
[33] 杨玉岗等，开关磁阻电机动态性能的研究[J]，清华大学学报，1997，37(9)
[34] 陈昊，刘迪吉，国外开关磁阻电机近期研究动向[J]，中小型电机，1994，21
[35] 黄建中，蒋全，开关磁阻电机铁耗实验估算[J]，中小型电机，1995，22
[36] 王宏华，陈永校，开关磁阻调速电机定子振动抑制[J]，电工技术学报，1998，13(3)
[37] 刘珊珊等，开关磁阻电机的快速仿真非线性模型[J]，清华大学学报，2002，42(9)
[38] Carlo Cecati. Microprocessors for power electronics and electrical drives applications [J] IEEE Industronics Society Newsletter, 1999(9)
[39] Kjaer O C, Gribble J J, Miller T J E, High-grade control of switched reluctance machine[J], IEEE Trans Ind. Applicant, 1997,33
[40] P. C. Kjaer, J. J. Gribble, and T. J. E. Miller, "High-grade control of switched reluctance machines,"IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicant., vol. 33, pp
[41] Ge Baoming, Wang Xiangheng, Su Pengsheng, and Jiang Jingping, Nonlinear Internal-Model Control for Switched Reluctance Drives IEEE Transactions on power electronics, VOL. 17, NO. 3, MAY 2002
[42] Piyuah Tandon, Anandan Velayutham Rajarathnam. Mehrdad Ehaani. Self-tuning Control of a Switched reluctance Motor Drive with Shaft Position Senator. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl.1997, (33), (4):1002—1010
[43] Bunte A, Grotstollen H.Parameter identification of an inverterfed induction motor at standstill with a correlation method [M] The Power Electronics Asaociation, 1993
[44] Miller, T. J. E., "Switched Reluctance Motors and Their Control," Magna Physics Publishing, Hillsboro, OH, and Oxford, 1993.
[45] Switched Reluctance Motor Control-Basic Operation and Example Using the TMS320F240 Vukosavic, S. and V. Stfanovic, "SRM Inverter Topologies: A Comparative Evaluation," IEEE IAS Annual Meeting Conf. Record, 1990.
[46] Kjaer, P. C., J. Gribble, and T. J. E. Miller, "High-Grade Control of Switched Reluctance Machines," IEEE Trans. Industry Electronics, vol. 33, Nov. 1997.
[47] Switched Reluctance Motor Control-Basic Operation and Example Using the TMS320F240 Vukosavic, S. and V. Stfanovic, "SRM Inverter Topologies: A Comparative Evaluation," IEEE IAS Annual Meeting Conf. Record, 1990.
[48] Becerra, R., M. Ehsani, and T. J. E. Miller, "Commutation of SR Motors," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol. 8, pp. 257-262, July 1993.
[49] Miller, T. J. E. (ed.), "Switched Reluctance Motor Drives," Intertec Communications Inc., Ventura, CA, 1988
[50] TMS320LF2407/2406/2402 DSP Controllers, TI Company, U.S, 2000
[51] Switched Reluctance Moter Control-Basic Operation and Example Using the TMS20F240 [M], TI Company, U.S, 2000
[52] Lawrenson PJ, ed.Variable-speed Switched Reluctance Motor, IEE Pro, Vol.127(B),No.4,1980,7
[53] Broeck HV, ed. Switched Reluctance Drive and PWM Induction Motor Drive Compared for Low Cost Applications.EPE'93,Vol 6
[54] Corda J,ed. Speed Control of Switched Reluctance Motors,ICEM'87
[2] 王宏华，开关磁阻电机调速控制技术[M]。机械工业出版社，1995
[3] 丘亦惠，马志源，詹琼华，开关磁阻电机调速系统电流环的数字控制[J]，微电机，1999，32
[4] 陈昊，谢桂林，张超，开关磁阻电机功率变换器主电路研究[J]，电力电子技术，2000，3
[5] 廖海平，陈永校，新型永磁式开关磁阻电机及其驱动系统研究[J]，中小型电机，1999，26
[6] 宋文超，林永，开关磁阻电机调速系统[J]，煤炭科学技术，第29卷第9期
[7] 樊小明，经亚枝，开关磁阻电机的一种无位置检测器方案的研究[J]，电工技术学报，1997，12
[8] 李俊卿，李和明，开关磁阻电机发展综述[J]，华北电力大学学报，第29卷第3期，2002，1
[9] 葛宝明，王样颠，苏鹏声，开关磁阻电机控制策略综述[J]，电气传动，2001，2
[10] 刘闯，刘迪吉，一种无位置传感器的开关磁阻发电机控制策略的研究[J]，中国电机工程学报 2002，22(6)．
[11] 赵光新，詹琼华，开关磁阻电机调速系统中电流检测器的研究[J]，电工电能新技术 1989，3
[12] 刘敏，周建国，SR电机调速系统技术研究热点[J]，中小型电机 2001，028(005)
[13] 陈昊，谢桂林，两种开关磁阻电机系统的对比研究[J]，中国矿业大学学报 2000，29(5)
[14] 廖海平，陈永校，永磁式开关磁阻电机原理及特性分析[J]，浙江大学学报：工学版 2000，34(5)
[15] 廖海平，林瑞光，基于新型功率变换器的SRM微机控制系统[J]，微特电机 1997，25(5)
[16] 王宏华，2.2KW开关磁阻电动机功率变换器设计[J]，电力电子技术，1995，2
[17] 陈隆昌等，开关磁阻电机驱动系统的特点和性能[J]，微特电机，1991，6
[18] 王宏华等，用晶闸管斩波器控制相电压的开关磁阻电动机双闭环调速系统[J]，电气传动，1992，6
[19] 廖海平，新型永磁式开关磁阻电动机[博士学位论文]，浙江大学 1998
[20] 刘迪吉等，开关磁阻调速电动机[M]，机械工业出版社，1994
[21] 王宏华，开关磁阻电动机调速系统的设计与研究，[硕士论文]，华南理工大学，1992
[22] 高超等，开关磁阻电机系统低速运行的性能与控制方式[J]，电气传动，1991，3
[23] 王宏华，开关磁阻电动机调速系统[J]，电气自动化，1995，1
[24] 赵光新，开关磁阻电动机调速系统中电流检测器的研究[J]，电工电能新技术，1993，3
[25] 彭志瑾，电气传动与调速系统[M]，北京理工大学出版社，1992
[26] 郑洪涛，开关磁阻电机调速系统[博士学位论文]，浙江大学，2003
[27] 徐国卿等，开关磁阻电机的最优化开关角控制规律的研究[J]，铁道学报，1999，1
[28] 黄建中等，开关磁阻电机的控制模式[J]，电气传动，1997，5
[29] 刘剑等，开关磁阻电机无位置传感技术研究[J]，中小型电机，1998，25(4)
[30] 毛良明等，开关磁阻电机间接位置检测方案研究[J]，中小型电机，1999，26(4)
[31] 詹琼华等，开关磁阻电机电容式位置检测技术[J]，电工技术学报，1999，14(3)
[32] 傅丰礼等，开关磁阻电机[J]，电工技术，1994，2
[33] 杨玉岗等，开关磁阻电机动态性能的研究[J]，清华大学学报，1997，37(9)
[34] 陈昊，刘迪吉，国外开关磁阻电机近期研究动向[J]，中小型电机，1994，21
[35] 黄建中，蒋全，开关磁阻电机铁耗实验估算[J]，中小型电机，1995，22
[36] 王宏华，陈永校，开关磁阻调速电机定子振动抑制[J]，电工技术学报，1998，13(3)
[37] 刘珊珊等，开关磁阻电机的快速仿真非线性模型[J]，清华大学学报，2002，42(9)
[38] Carlo Cecati. Microprocessors for power electronics and electrical drives applications [J] IEEE Industronics Society Newsletter, 1999(9)
[39] Kjaer O C, Gribble J J, Miller T J E, High-grade control of switched reluctance machine[J], IEEE Trans Ind. Applicant, 1997,33
[40] P. C. Kjaer, J. J. Gribble, and T. J. E. Miller, "High-grade control of switched reluctance machines,"IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicant., vol. 33, pp
[41] Ge Baoming, Wang Xiangheng, Su Pengsheng, and Jiang Jingping, Nonlinear Internal-Model Control for Switched Reluctance Drives IEEE Transactions on power electronics, VOL. 17, NO. 3, MAY 2002
[42] Piyuah Tandon, Anandan Velayutham Rajarathnam. Mehrdad Ehaani. Self-tuning Control of a Switched reluctance Motor Drive with Shaft Position Senator. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl.1997, (33), (4):1002—1010
[43] Bunte A, Grotstollen H.Parameter identification of an inverterfed induction motor at standstill with a correlation method [M] The Power Electronics Asaociation, 1993
[44] Miller, T. J. E., "Switched Reluctance Motors and Their Control," Magna Physics Publishing, Hillsboro, OH, and Oxford, 1993.
[45] Switched Reluctance Motor Control-Basic Operation and Example Using the TMS320F240 Vukosavic, S. and V. Stfanovic, "SRM Inverter Topologies: A Comparative Evaluation," IEEE IAS Annual Meeting Conf. Record, 1990.
[46] Kjaer, P. C., J. Gribble, and T. J. E. Miller, "High-Grade Control of Switched Reluctance Machines," IEEE Trans. Industry Electronics, vol. 33, Nov. 1997.
[47] Switched Reluctance Motor Control-Basic Operation and Example Using the TMS320F240 Vukosavic, S. and V. Stfanovic, "SRM Inverter Topologies: A Comparative Evaluation," IEEE IAS Annual Meeting Conf. Record, 1990.
[48] Becerra, R., M. Ehsani, and T. J. E. Miller, "Commutation of SR Motors," IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol. 8, pp. 257-262, July 1993.
[49] Miller, T. J. E. (ed.), "Switched Reluctance Motor Drives," Intertec Communications Inc., Ventura, CA, 1988
[50] TMS320LF2407/2406/2402 DSP Controllers, TI Company, U.S, 2000
[51] Switched Reluctance Moter Control-Basic Operation and Example Using the TMS20F240 [M], TI Company, U.S, 2000
[52] Lawrenson PJ, ed.Variable-speed Switched Reluctance Motor, IEE Pro, Vol.127(B),No.4,1980,7
[53] Broeck HV, ed. Switched Reluctance Drive and PWM Induction Motor Drive Compared for Low Cost Applications.EPE'93,Vol 6
[54] Corda J,ed. Speed Control of Switched Reluctance Motors,ICEM'87