07亚洲杯与06世界杯比赛中各队制造射门机会情况的对比分析
|
摘要
射门是足球比赛中的最终目的。在比赛中如何获得射门机会对于每支球队极为重要。在防守技战术发展如此之快的今天,球队在进攻中形成射门机会的手段、方式对于能否取得比赛胜利起着关键作用。因此,对足球比赛中制造射门机会情况进行分析研究是十分有意义的。
近年来,亚洲足球水平有了较大的提高,但与欧洲、南美洲等世界高水平球队相比,差距依然明显。本文综合采用文献资料法、录像统计法、比较分析法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等科研方法,对07亚洲杯全部32场比赛以及06年世界杯前八强参加的40场比赛中各队制造射门机会的区域、队员位置、时间段、球的形式、有无对抗、传球使用部位、球的性质、制造方式等进行对比分析。研究发现,无论世界杯比赛还是亚洲杯赛,在淘汰赛阶段的制造射门机会次数以及进球率都要比小组赛低;前卫队员为球队制造射门机会最多,而世界高水平球队的前锋队员为队友制造射门机会的能力要明显强于亚洲球队。从区域方面看,两届杯赛在罚球区弧顶以及两个边路制造射门机会最多,世界高水平球队在球门区内制造射门机会的能力要明显高于亚洲队员,且效果显著。参加世界杯比赛的高水平球队脚内侧的使用率高,比赛更具观赏性;短距离、直线地滚球是两届杯赛在制造射门机会时所采用最多的传球方式,且世界杯比赛所制造射门机会以及进球比重上都要明显高于亚洲杯参赛队;世界高水平球队在各个时段制造射门机会的数量分布更加合理,符合足球基本规律。中路进攻是两届杯赛上所使用最多的进攻手段,世界杯球队使用中路进攻战术效果显著;定位球战术是两届比赛中制造射门机会时所采用的重要手段,并且取得不错的效果。
对07亚洲杯全部32场比赛以及06年世界杯前八强参加的40场比赛中制造射门机会情况的对比研究,使我们深刻认识到科学合理的训练,提高体能储备以及合理分配体能的意识的重要性,以保证在比赛上下半场强对抗条件下均有充沛的体能进行比赛,提高运用动作技术的有效率。应加大对中路区域短传渗透战术的练习,并加强球员在高对抗条件下完成技术动作的能力;传球时多使用外弧线传球为队友制造射门机会;亚洲球队要学习世界强队先进的技战术打法,结合自身的特点提高比赛能力。以上研究希望能够给足球教练员以及相关人士提供一些有益的足球技、战术参考资料。
Shooting at goal is the major objective in a football match. How to obtain the shooting opportunity in the competition is very important for each team. Today defensive technique has a quick development, and the method on shooting opportunity in the team attack plays the crucial role in whether to win the game. Therefore, making an analytical study on the situation in creating shooting opportunity in a football competition is very meaningful.
In recent years, the Asian soccer level makes considerable progress, but compare with the high level team such as the teams in South America or Europe, the disparity is still obvious. In this paper, it symthesisly takes the scientific research method to study, such as literature study method, video statistics method, comparative analysis method, mathematic statistics method, logical analytic method and so on. Though these methods, it does a contrast analysis study on the shooting opportunity region, member position, time section, ball form, resistance or not, spot to pass the ball, ball nature, and way of making a chance to shoot etc. of the teams which attend the games in the all 32 competitions in Asian Cup in 2007 and in the 40 competitions in World Cup in 2006. It is discovered by the research that no matter in the Asian Cup or in the World Cup, the shooting opportunity and the goal rate in the elimination series stage is less than in the group match stage. The vanguard members make the shooting opportunity most for the team, and the ability to make shooting opportunity for the teammates of vanguard member in the world high level teams is obviously better than those in Asian teams. From the region aspect, the shooting opportunity in the penalty arc area and the two sidewalks is the most in the two matches; the ability to make shooting opportunity in the goal area in the world high level teams is obviously better than those in Asian teams, and the effect is remarkable. The utilization ratio of foot inside in the world high level teams is high, and the competition has ornamental; short distance, straight line bowling ball is the most of pass ball way for making shooting opportunity in the two matches, and the shooting opportunity and goals in World Cup is obviously higher than in Asian Cup; the frequency of making shooting opportunity in each time interval for the world high level teams is more reasonable and conforms to the soccer basic rule. Central attack is the most attacked methods used in the two matches, and the effect is remarkable for the World Cup team by using central attack; place kick tactics is the most important method for making shooting opportunity in the two matches, and makes the good progress.
We realize profoundly the importance of science reasonable training, enhancment of the physical ability reserve and principle assignment physical ability consciousness, through the contrast analysis study on the teams which attend the games in the all 32 competitions in Asian Cup in 2007 and in the 40 competitions in World Cup in 2006. Only by this way can we enhance using movement technology effectiveness and garantee the abundant physical ability carries on the competition under strong resistance condition at competition second half. It should enlarge the tactics practice to the short distance in central region, and strengthen the complete technical movement ability of players under the high resistance condition. Making shooting opportunity uses the outside arc passing. The Asian team must study the advanced technique and tactics of the world high level team, and unifies own characteristic enhancement competition ability.
近年来,亚洲足球水平有了较大的提高,但与欧洲、南美洲等世界高水平球队相比,差距依然明显。本文综合采用文献资料法、录像统计法、比较分析法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等科研方法,对07亚洲杯全部32场比赛以及06年世界杯前八强参加的40场比赛中各队制造射门机会的区域、队员位置、时间段、球的形式、有无对抗、传球使用部位、球的性质、制造方式等进行对比分析。研究发现,无论世界杯比赛还是亚洲杯赛,在淘汰赛阶段的制造射门机会次数以及进球率都要比小组赛低;前卫队员为球队制造射门机会最多,而世界高水平球队的前锋队员为队友制造射门机会的能力要明显强于亚洲球队。从区域方面看,两届杯赛在罚球区弧顶以及两个边路制造射门机会最多,世界高水平球队在球门区内制造射门机会的能力要明显高于亚洲队员,且效果显著。参加世界杯比赛的高水平球队脚内侧的使用率高,比赛更具观赏性;短距离、直线地滚球是两届杯赛在制造射门机会时所采用最多的传球方式,且世界杯比赛所制造射门机会以及进球比重上都要明显高于亚洲杯参赛队;世界高水平球队在各个时段制造射门机会的数量分布更加合理,符合足球基本规律。中路进攻是两届杯赛上所使用最多的进攻手段,世界杯球队使用中路进攻战术效果显著;定位球战术是两届比赛中制造射门机会时所采用的重要手段,并且取得不错的效果。
对07亚洲杯全部32场比赛以及06年世界杯前八强参加的40场比赛中制造射门机会情况的对比研究,使我们深刻认识到科学合理的训练,提高体能储备以及合理分配体能的意识的重要性,以保证在比赛上下半场强对抗条件下均有充沛的体能进行比赛,提高运用动作技术的有效率。应加大对中路区域短传渗透战术的练习,并加强球员在高对抗条件下完成技术动作的能力;传球时多使用外弧线传球为队友制造射门机会;亚洲球队要学习世界强队先进的技战术打法,结合自身的特点提高比赛能力。以上研究希望能够给足球教练员以及相关人士提供一些有益的足球技、战术参考资料。
Shooting at goal is the major objective in a football match. How to obtain the shooting opportunity in the competition is very important for each team. Today defensive technique has a quick development, and the method on shooting opportunity in the team attack plays the crucial role in whether to win the game. Therefore, making an analytical study on the situation in creating shooting opportunity in a football competition is very meaningful.
In recent years, the Asian soccer level makes considerable progress, but compare with the high level team such as the teams in South America or Europe, the disparity is still obvious. In this paper, it symthesisly takes the scientific research method to study, such as literature study method, video statistics method, comparative analysis method, mathematic statistics method, logical analytic method and so on. Though these methods, it does a contrast analysis study on the shooting opportunity region, member position, time section, ball form, resistance or not, spot to pass the ball, ball nature, and way of making a chance to shoot etc. of the teams which attend the games in the all 32 competitions in Asian Cup in 2007 and in the 40 competitions in World Cup in 2006. It is discovered by the research that no matter in the Asian Cup or in the World Cup, the shooting opportunity and the goal rate in the elimination series stage is less than in the group match stage. The vanguard members make the shooting opportunity most for the team, and the ability to make shooting opportunity for the teammates of vanguard member in the world high level teams is obviously better than those in Asian teams. From the region aspect, the shooting opportunity in the penalty arc area and the two sidewalks is the most in the two matches; the ability to make shooting opportunity in the goal area in the world high level teams is obviously better than those in Asian teams, and the effect is remarkable. The utilization ratio of foot inside in the world high level teams is high, and the competition has ornamental; short distance, straight line bowling ball is the most of pass ball way for making shooting opportunity in the two matches, and the shooting opportunity and goals in World Cup is obviously higher than in Asian Cup; the frequency of making shooting opportunity in each time interval for the world high level teams is more reasonable and conforms to the soccer basic rule. Central attack is the most attacked methods used in the two matches, and the effect is remarkable for the World Cup team by using central attack; place kick tactics is the most important method for making shooting opportunity in the two matches, and makes the good progress.
We realize profoundly the importance of science reasonable training, enhancment of the physical ability reserve and principle assignment physical ability consciousness, through the contrast analysis study on the teams which attend the games in the all 32 competitions in Asian Cup in 2007 and in the 40 competitions in World Cup in 2006. Only by this way can we enhance using movement technology effectiveness and garantee the abundant physical ability carries on the competition under strong resistance condition at competition second half. It should enlarge the tactics practice to the short distance in central region, and strengthen the complete technical movement ability of players under the high resistance condition. Making shooting opportunity uses the outside arc passing. The Asian team must study the advanced technique and tactics of the world high level team, and unifies own characteristic enhancement competition ability.
引文
① 苏春宇,2001～2002 飞利浦中国足球大学生联赛海南师范学院足球队射门情况统计与分析[J] 广州体育学院学报 2003,6
② 袁野,不同进攻技战术手段对高水平足球比赛射门与进球的影响 [J] 广州体育学院学报 2001,4
③ 奚天明,第十三届亚洲杯足球赛进攻行动的统计与分析 [J] 北京体育大学学报 2005,10
④ 陆仲元等,对前场 30 米进攻的战术特征分析 [J] 中国体育科技 1997,1
⑤ 毛卫国等,足球角球进攻战术特征的初步研究,[J] 中国体育科技 2001,10
⑥ 粟晓红等,足球角球进攻战术的对比分析 [J] 沈阳体育学院学报 2001,3
⑦ 赵建安,现代足球角球进攻战术中传球及落点的研究,[J] 西安体育学院学报 2003,2
⑧ 魏日昂等,个人突破在足球比赛中的应用 [J] 南京体育学院学报 1994,3
⑨ 马晓军等,中外足球比赛边路传中基本特征的比较研究 [J] 辽宁体育科技 2002,5
⑩ 陈立晖等,论传球与射门──看第十五届杯足球赛 [J] 哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报 1995,3
[1] 苏春宇,2001～2002 飞利浦中国足球大学生联赛海南师范学院足球队射门情况统计与分析[J] 广州体育学院学报 2003,6
[2] 袁野,不同进攻技战术手段对高水平足球比赛射门与进球的影响 [J] 广州体育学院学报 2001,4
[3] 奚天明,第十三届亚洲杯足球赛进攻行动的统计与分析 [J] 北京体育大学学报 2005,10
[4] 陆仲元等,对前场 30 米进攻的战术特征分析 [J] 中国体育科技 1997,1
[5] 毛卫国等,足球角球进攻战术特征的初步研究,[J] 中国体育科技 2001,10
[6] 粟晓红等,足球角球进攻战术的对比分析 [J] 沈阳体育学院学报 2001,3
[7] 赵建安,现代足球角球进攻战术中传球及落点的研究,[J] 西安体育学院学报 2003,2
[8] 魏日昂等,个人突破在足球比赛中的应用 [J] 南京体育学院学报 1994,3
[9] 马晓军等,中外足球比赛边路传中基本特征的比较研究 [J] 辽宁体育科技 2002,5
[10] 陈立晖等,论传球与射门──看第十五届杯足球赛 [J] 哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报 1995,3
[11] 李东奇,浅析足球进攻中的两肋进攻 [J] 沈阳教育学院学报 2001,1
[12] 胡原,第 16 届世界杯足球赛优秀前卫进攻打法特点的研究 [J] 西安体院学报 2001.1
[13] 王崇喜,球类运动—足球 [M] 高教出版,2005
[14] 何志林,现代足球 [M] 人民体育出版社,2000
[15] 休斯(英)著,杨一民等译,足球获胜公式 [M] 人民体育出版社,1998
[16] 章巍.对高水平足球比赛进球时段的分析 [J] 武汉体育学院学报,2004,3
[17] 薛俊,第 27 届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段各队进球特征分析 [J] 中国体育科技,2003,7
[18] 李平,从第 11、12 届欧洲足球锦标赛析现代足球进攻战术发展趋势 [J] 成都体育学院学报,2005,5
[19] 何志林,足球 [M] 人民体育出版社,2000
[20] (荷兰)维尔·库柏,攻击型足球训练[M] 人民体育出版社
[21] 李宝耕,足球词典 [M] 上海:上海辞书出版社,1995,6
[22] 麻雪田,足球比赛指南[M] 北京体育学院教务处
[23] 邓达之,足球训练[M]人民体育出版社,1999
[24] 郑旗,现代体育科学研究的理论与方法[M] 人民体育出版社,2001
[25] 张明立,常用体育统计方法[M] 北京体育学院出版社,1990
[26] 年维泗,足球 [M]人民体育出版社,1990
[27] 谷明昌,现代足球理念[M] 北京体育大学出版社,2005
[28] 麻雪田、王崇喜,现代足球运动高级教程[M] 高等教育出版社,2002
[29] 马冰,战术巧运用[M] 北京体育大学出版社,2002
[30] 周毅,第 16 届世界足球锦标赛进球进攻战术运用结构模式的研究[J] 西安体育学院学报 1999,4
[31] 初永和,欧洲杯、美洲杯和亚洲杯足球赛之比较[J] 武汉体育学院学报,2005,5
[32] 杨刚等,足球训练问答[M] 北京体育大学出版社,2003
[33] 张贻琪,世界杯足球赛进球规律研究[J] 天津体育学院学报,1996,3
[34] 陈群等,第四届世界杯女子足球赛门前进攻战术运用情况的研究 [J] 吉林体育学院学报 2004,2
② 袁野,不同进攻技战术手段对高水平足球比赛射门与进球的影响 [J] 广州体育学院学报 2001,4
③ 奚天明,第十三届亚洲杯足球赛进攻行动的统计与分析 [J] 北京体育大学学报 2005,10
④ 陆仲元等,对前场 30 米进攻的战术特征分析 [J] 中国体育科技 1997,1
⑤ 毛卫国等,足球角球进攻战术特征的初步研究,[J] 中国体育科技 2001,10
⑥ 粟晓红等,足球角球进攻战术的对比分析 [J] 沈阳体育学院学报 2001,3
⑦ 赵建安,现代足球角球进攻战术中传球及落点的研究,[J] 西安体育学院学报 2003,2
⑧ 魏日昂等,个人突破在足球比赛中的应用 [J] 南京体育学院学报 1994,3
⑨ 马晓军等,中外足球比赛边路传中基本特征的比较研究 [J] 辽宁体育科技 2002,5
⑩ 陈立晖等,论传球与射门──看第十五届杯足球赛 [J] 哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报 1995,3
[1] 苏春宇,2001～2002 飞利浦中国足球大学生联赛海南师范学院足球队射门情况统计与分析[J] 广州体育学院学报 2003,6
[2] 袁野,不同进攻技战术手段对高水平足球比赛射门与进球的影响 [J] 广州体育学院学报 2001,4
[3] 奚天明,第十三届亚洲杯足球赛进攻行动的统计与分析 [J] 北京体育大学学报 2005,10
[4] 陆仲元等,对前场 30 米进攻的战术特征分析 [J] 中国体育科技 1997,1
[5] 毛卫国等,足球角球进攻战术特征的初步研究,[J] 中国体育科技 2001,10
[6] 粟晓红等,足球角球进攻战术的对比分析 [J] 沈阳体育学院学报 2001,3
[7] 赵建安,现代足球角球进攻战术中传球及落点的研究,[J] 西安体育学院学报 2003,2
[8] 魏日昂等,个人突破在足球比赛中的应用 [J] 南京体育学院学报 1994,3
[9] 马晓军等,中外足球比赛边路传中基本特征的比较研究 [J] 辽宁体育科技 2002,5
[10] 陈立晖等,论传球与射门──看第十五届杯足球赛 [J] 哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报 1995,3
[11] 李东奇,浅析足球进攻中的两肋进攻 [J] 沈阳教育学院学报 2001,1
[12] 胡原,第 16 届世界杯足球赛优秀前卫进攻打法特点的研究 [J] 西安体院学报 2001.1
[13] 王崇喜,球类运动—足球 [M] 高教出版,2005
[14] 何志林,现代足球 [M] 人民体育出版社,2000
[15] 休斯(英)著,杨一民等译,足球获胜公式 [M] 人民体育出版社,1998
[16] 章巍.对高水平足球比赛进球时段的分析 [J] 武汉体育学院学报,2004,3
[17] 薛俊,第 27 届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段各队进球特征分析 [J] 中国体育科技,2003,7
[18] 李平,从第 11、12 届欧洲足球锦标赛析现代足球进攻战术发展趋势 [J] 成都体育学院学报,2005,5
[19] 何志林,足球 [M] 人民体育出版社,2000
[20] (荷兰)维尔·库柏,攻击型足球训练[M] 人民体育出版社
[21] 李宝耕,足球词典 [M] 上海:上海辞书出版社,1995,6
[22] 麻雪田,足球比赛指南[M] 北京体育学院教务处
[23] 邓达之,足球训练[M]人民体育出版社,1999
[24] 郑旗,现代体育科学研究的理论与方法[M] 人民体育出版社,2001
[25] 张明立,常用体育统计方法[M] 北京体育学院出版社,1990
[26] 年维泗,足球 [M]人民体育出版社,1990
[27] 谷明昌,现代足球理念[M] 北京体育大学出版社,2005
[28] 麻雪田、王崇喜,现代足球运动高级教程[M] 高等教育出版社,2002
[29] 马冰,战术巧运用[M] 北京体育大学出版社,2002
[30] 周毅,第 16 届世界足球锦标赛进球进攻战术运用结构模式的研究[J] 西安体育学院学报 1999,4
[31] 初永和,欧洲杯、美洲杯和亚洲杯足球赛之比较[J] 武汉体育学院学报,2005,5
[32] 杨刚等,足球训练问答[M] 北京体育大学出版社,2003
[33] 张贻琪,世界杯足球赛进球规律研究[J] 天津体育学院学报,1996,3
[34] 陈群等,第四届世界杯女子足球赛门前进攻战术运用情况的研究 [J] 吉林体育学院学报 2004,2