黄骅港海域泥沙运动的三维数学模拟
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摘要
黄骅港海岸属于粉沙淤泥质海岸,黄骅港自建港以来外航道屡次出现强淤和骤淤,研究黄骅港海域泥沙运动对于港口发展具有重要意义。为此,本文建立了综合考虑风、浪、流作用的三维水动力泥沙数学模型,并将其应用于黄骅港实际工程问题的研究,包括对黄骅港的滩面泥沙粗化问题和航道淤积问题进行分析。本文的具体工作和结论如下:
首先,本文建立了SWAN风浪模型和EFDC水动力泥沙模型,将潮流、波浪、泥沙三者耦合,构成了考虑风、浪、流共同作用的三维多组分泥沙运动模型,并采用多重嵌套模型模拟黄骅港海域水动力、泥沙运动,模型得到黄骅港海域实测数据的验证。
其次,将所建立的模型应用于黄骅港海区滩面泥沙粗化现象的模拟。计算结果表明,在6级和8级大风作用下,近岸处海滩床面均发生粗化现象,并且体现出了宏观上自南向北、自东向西滩面粒度由粗渐细的规律。而且风级较大时,底床颗粒的粗化更明显一些。
最后,利用将所建立的模型对黄骅港在外航道整治工程前后航道淤积状况和回淤物的组成进行分析。结果表明,整治工程以后航道淤积量减小很多,且淤积物中细颗粒泥沙含量增大,整治效果明显。
Huanghua Port was built on silt-muddy coast. Since it was constructed, thesudden siltation occurred many times in Huanghua Port. So it is important for the portdevelopment to study the sediment transport around Huanghua Port. A 3D numericalmodel for multi-fraction sediment transport under the combined action of wind, waveand current was developed in the present thesis and was applied to study the practicalproblems of the Huanghua Port, such as the armoring of the beach and the channelsiltation problem. The main results are summarized as follows:
Firstly, the SWAN wind wave model and the hydrodynamic and sedimenttransport model of EFDC were introduced. Then combining wind wave, current andthe sediment model together, the sediment transport model for multi-fraction sedimenttransport under the combined action of wind, wave and current was developed. Themodel was applied to simulate the hydrodynamics and sediment transport aroundHuanghua Port using nested simulation. The model was verified through the measureddata in site.
Secondly, the model was applied to simulate the beach armoring phenomenonaround Huanghua Port. It is found that under the sixth and eighth grade wind loading,the sizes of sediment particles get coarser in the nearshore bed. The grain size becamefiner gradually from south to north and west to east. The armoring phenomenon of theparticles is more obvious with stronger wind.
Finally, the channel siltation and the sediment composition deposited in thechannel before and after the regulation project was simulated using the model. It isshown that compared to the status before the regulation project, the siltation volumeof the channel decreased and the fine grain in sedimentation material increased. It isconcluded that the regulation project exerts an obvious effect of reducing siltation.
首先,本文建立了SWAN风浪模型和EFDC水动力泥沙模型,将潮流、波浪、泥沙三者耦合,构成了考虑风、浪、流共同作用的三维多组分泥沙运动模型,并采用多重嵌套模型模拟黄骅港海域水动力、泥沙运动,模型得到黄骅港海域实测数据的验证。
其次,将所建立的模型应用于黄骅港海区滩面泥沙粗化现象的模拟。计算结果表明,在6级和8级大风作用下,近岸处海滩床面均发生粗化现象,并且体现出了宏观上自南向北、自东向西滩面粒度由粗渐细的规律。而且风级较大时,底床颗粒的粗化更明显一些。
最后,利用将所建立的模型对黄骅港在外航道整治工程前后航道淤积状况和回淤物的组成进行分析。结果表明,整治工程以后航道淤积量减小很多,且淤积物中细颗粒泥沙含量增大,整治效果明显。
Huanghua Port was built on silt-muddy coast. Since it was constructed, thesudden siltation occurred many times in Huanghua Port. So it is important for the portdevelopment to study the sediment transport around Huanghua Port. A 3D numericalmodel for multi-fraction sediment transport under the combined action of wind, waveand current was developed in the present thesis and was applied to study the practicalproblems of the Huanghua Port, such as the armoring of the beach and the channelsiltation problem. The main results are summarized as follows:
Firstly, the SWAN wind wave model and the hydrodynamic and sedimenttransport model of EFDC were introduced. Then combining wind wave, current andthe sediment model together, the sediment transport model for multi-fraction sedimenttransport under the combined action of wind, wave and current was developed. Themodel was applied to simulate the hydrodynamics and sediment transport aroundHuanghua Port using nested simulation. The model was verified through the measureddata in site.
Secondly, the model was applied to simulate the beach armoring phenomenonaround Huanghua Port. It is found that under the sixth and eighth grade wind loading,the sizes of sediment particles get coarser in the nearshore bed. The grain size becamefiner gradually from south to north and west to east. The armoring phenomenon of theparticles is more obvious with stronger wind.
Finally, the channel siltation and the sediment composition deposited in thechannel before and after the regulation project was simulated using the model. It isshown that compared to the status before the regulation project, the siltation volumeof the channel decreased and the fine grain in sedimentation material increased. It isconcluded that the regulation project exerts an obvious effect of reducing siltation.
引文
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