基于LabVIEW的飞机防滑刹车控制器测试系统设计
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摘要
飞机防滑刹车控制器测试系统是飞机防滑刹车控制器的主要试验和测试手段，通过模拟飞机在刹车过程中的运动状态，实现飞机防滑刹车控制器功能检测，提高了飞机防滑刹车控制器检测的快速性和自动化程度。
论文分析了防滑刹车控制系统的工作原理和结构组成，根据防滑刹车控制器的功能要求，结合虚拟测试技术，确定了防滑刹车控制器测试系统的总体方案设计，重点介绍了飞机防滑刹车控制器测试系统的设计思想和总体策略，并分硬件和软件两部分详细的阐述了防滑刹车控制器测试系统的实现过程。
飞机防滑刹车控制器测试系统由上、下位机组成，下位机采用80C196KB为核心处理芯片，完成了信号的模拟和数据采集，并通过RS232总线完成了与上位机间的通信，实现了测试结果的上位机显示。测试系统下位机软件的开发利用WAVE6000集成开发环境，采用了C语言和汇编语言混合编程方式，运用模块化的设计思想，提高了编程效率。上位机软件利用美国NI公司的LabVIEW图形化编程语言，使用数据流编程方法来描述程序的执行，设计了一系列子VIS，便于系统的调试和功能扩展。
通过系统试验，飞机防滑刹车控制器测试系统的设计达到预期目标，可以满足飞机防滑刹车控制器静态性能测试的要求。
The anti-skid braking controller test system is the main instrument of test and experiment for anti-skid braking controller. Utilizing its accurate simulation of the braked vehicle's movement, it is possible to test the performance of the controller. What is more, it brings higher efficiency and reliability.
Firstly, the paper narrated the working principles and constitutes of the anti-skid braking system. According to the function of the anti-skid braking controller, the overall strategy of the testing system was designed with the virtual testing technologies. Secondly, the realization process of the anti-skid braking controller testing system was introduced in details both in hardware and software.
The test system consists of the MCU system and PC. The MCU system using the microprocessor 80C196KB as the core disposal chip can simulate the signals, acquire data, actualize serial port communication with the PC by RS232 and display the signals on PC. The bottom software based on WAVE6000 integrated developing environment was programmed by C and assembly language in modularization, which improved the readability, testability and portability. The test software was compiled in LabVIEW, which is developed by National Instruments (NI) and has a good man-machine interface. The description of series of VIS for adjustment and function expandable ability is also given in depth.
According to the results of testing, the test system can achieve the designed requirements, satisfy the requests of airplane braking system controller examination, and enhance the test efficiency and reliability.
论文分析了防滑刹车控制系统的工作原理和结构组成，根据防滑刹车控制器的功能要求，结合虚拟测试技术，确定了防滑刹车控制器测试系统的总体方案设计，重点介绍了飞机防滑刹车控制器测试系统的设计思想和总体策略，并分硬件和软件两部分详细的阐述了防滑刹车控制器测试系统的实现过程。
飞机防滑刹车控制器测试系统由上、下位机组成，下位机采用80C196KB为核心处理芯片，完成了信号的模拟和数据采集，并通过RS232总线完成了与上位机间的通信，实现了测试结果的上位机显示。测试系统下位机软件的开发利用WAVE6000集成开发环境，采用了C语言和汇编语言混合编程方式，运用模块化的设计思想，提高了编程效率。上位机软件利用美国NI公司的LabVIEW图形化编程语言，使用数据流编程方法来描述程序的执行，设计了一系列子VIS，便于系统的调试和功能扩展。
通过系统试验，飞机防滑刹车控制器测试系统的设计达到预期目标，可以满足飞机防滑刹车控制器静态性能测试的要求。
The anti-skid braking controller test system is the main instrument of test and experiment for anti-skid braking controller. Utilizing its accurate simulation of the braked vehicle's movement, it is possible to test the performance of the controller. What is more, it brings higher efficiency and reliability.
Firstly, the paper narrated the working principles and constitutes of the anti-skid braking system. According to the function of the anti-skid braking controller, the overall strategy of the testing system was designed with the virtual testing technologies. Secondly, the realization process of the anti-skid braking controller testing system was introduced in details both in hardware and software.
The test system consists of the MCU system and PC. The MCU system using the microprocessor 80C196KB as the core disposal chip can simulate the signals, acquire data, actualize serial port communication with the PC by RS232 and display the signals on PC. The bottom software based on WAVE6000 integrated developing environment was programmed by C and assembly language in modularization, which improved the readability, testability and portability. The test software was compiled in LabVIEW, which is developed by National Instruments (NI) and has a good man-machine interface. The description of series of VIS for adjustment and function expandable ability is also given in depth.
According to the results of testing, the test system can achieve the designed requirements, satisfy the requests of airplane braking system controller examination, and enhance the test efficiency and reliability.
引文
[1] 陆晓洁，谢利理，林辉．飞机防滑刹车系统的回顾与展望．航空科学技术。2003，2：29～32．
[2] 刘忠平．飞机数字式电子防滑刹车系统的研究．西北工业大学硕士论文1999．
[3] 赖根，肖明清，夏锐等．国外自动测试系统发展现状综述．探测与控制学报2005，27(3)：26—30．
[4] 张瑜，王纪森．飞机数字式电子防滑系统采用新控制律的仿真研究[J]．航空学报，1995，16(1)：123～127．
[5] 汪敏生．LabVIEW基础教程．电子工业出版社，2002．
[6] 雷振山．LabVIEW 7 Express实用技术教程．中国铁道出版社，2004．
[7] 杨乐平，李海涛．LabVIEW程序设计与应用．电子工业出版社，2001．
[8] 孙传友．测控系统原理与设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，2002．
[9] 张国雄，金篆芷．测控电路．北京：机械工业出版社，2001．
[10] 柴春吉．浅谈测试系统的抗干扰技术．机电工程技术，2004，33(4)：14～15．
[11] 于功敬，奚全生．虚拟测试系统的体系结构及其发展．电子产品世界，2004，(1)：59—61．
[12] 王纪森，何长安．防滑刹车控制系统分析．西北工业大学学报，2000，18(3)：470～473．
[13] 王幸之，王雷等．单片机应用系统抗干扰技术．北京航空航天大学出版社，2002．
[14] 王纪森．非线性控制理论在防滑刹车系统中的应用研究．西北工业大学博士论文，2001．
[15] 张谦．飞机电传刹车数字式防滑刹车系统的控制律的仿真研究．西北工业大学硕士论文，1999．
[16] 孙涵芳．Intel 16位单片机．北京航空航天大学出版社，1999．
[17] 程军．Intel 80C196单片机应用实践与C语言开发．北京航空航天大学出版社，2001．
[18] 沙占友．单片机外围电路设计．电子工业出版社，2003．
[19] 刘君华．虚拟仪器图形化编程语言LabVIEW教程．西安电子科技大学出版社，2001．
[20] 库姆斯．Visual Basic编程实用大全．中国水利水电出版社，2005．
[21] 求是科技．Visum C++6.0入门与提高．人民邮电出版社，2002．
[22] 金斗焕．用MAX038制作的函数发生器．电子元器件应用，2001．1，33～35．
[23] 李良光．波形产生集成电路MhX038．世界电子元器件2000，11，49～51．
[24] 张吉玲．MAX038及函数信号发生器．南昌大学学报，2000．12，350—355．
[25] 赵海涛，罗飞路，孙瑜，赵冬明．利用80C196KB片上A／D转换实现的高精度数据采集系统．电子设计应用，2004 6(2)：57～58，86．
[26] 王纪森，何长安．飞机轮胎与跑道间结合系数模型的研究．西北工业大学学报，2000，8(4)：569～572。
[27] 宣丽萍．虚拟仪器及其在控制器测试系统中的应用．煤矿机械，2005，2：109～111．
[28] 曾声奎．系统可靠性设计分析教程．北京航空航天大学出版社，2001．
[29] 高云凯．对某机电子防滑刹车系统的评估．飞机设计，1994，2：44～62．
[30] 黄惟一，胡生清．控制技术与系统．北京：机械工业出版社，2002．
[31] 求是科技编著．单片机通信技术与工程实践．人民邮电出版社，2005．
[32] 陈娟，宋国彪，王占林．飞机防滑刹车系统自适应控制器的设计与实现．机床与液压，2002．6：52～54．
[33] 胡雄文，霍恒昌．汽车ABS模糊控制方法的研究与仿真．汽车科技，2002 1，14～17．
[34] 高蕾．飞机全电刹车系统的研究．西北工业大学硕士论文，2004．
[35] 郑珊珊，黄元庆．测试系统的虚拟仪器设计．机电工程技术，2005，34(3)：44～46．
[36] 陆晓洁，谢利理，林辉，飞机防滑刹车系统的回顾与展望．航空科学技术，2003，2： 29—32．
[37] 邵勇，黄纯华，沙立民．Pc机与80C196KB的串行通信．微计算机信息，2001，12：26～28．
[38] 郑海英，杨汇军，王立红．测控系统数据传输的设计．自动化与仪表，2002， 17(3)：66～67．
[39] 杨宏丽，张健．单片机测控系统的硬件及软件抗干扰技术．电子工程，2004，4：45～47．
[40] Brake Control Evolution. Hydro-Aire break control system. 2002.
[41] R Somakumar, J Chandrasekhar. Intelligent anti-skid brake controler using a neural network. Control Engineer Practice (1999) 611-621.
[42] Muller, Steffen. Slip-based tire-road friction estimation during braking. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2002.
[43] National Instrument. The Measurement and Automation Catalog. 2001.
[44] National Instrument. G Programming Reference Manual. 2001.
[45]National Instrument. LabVIEW User Manual. 2001.
[46]National Instrument. LabVIEW Run-time System Guide. 2001.
[47]National Instrument. LabVIEW 7. 0. 2001.
[48]National Instruments. The fundamentals of Virtual Instrument. Building your system , 2003.
[49]National Instruments Corporation. The Measurement and Automation Catalog. 2002.
[50]Young D W . Aircraft Landing Gears-The Past, Present and Future. Paper SAE 864752 presented at a Joint Meeting of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers and the Royal Aeronautical Society held in Bristol on 17 April 1985.
[51]Hirzel E A Real. Time Microprocessor Technology Applie to Automatic Braking Systems. Paper SAE 801164 presented at Aerospace Congress&Exposition Los Angeles Convention Center, Oct, 1980.
[52]Devlieg G H. 757/767 Brake and Antiskid System. ICAS-84-5,1984.
[53]Warrendale. Evolution in braking. Automotive Engineering, 1992.
[54]H. Chris Tseng, Charlie W Chi. Aircraft Antilock Brake System with Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic. Journal of Guidance, Control and Synamics 1995.
[55]Yanner J A, Ulrich P C. Emerging Technologies in Aircraft Landing Gear. Warrendale: Society of Automotive Engineers, Tnc, 1997.
[56]Yadav D, Singh CVK. Landing Response of Aircraft with Optimal Anti-skid Braking. Journal of Sound and Vibration (1995) 181 (3) 401-416.
[57]Jeffery R Layne. Fuzzy Learning Control for Antiskid Braking Systems. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol, June 1993.
[58]Michael A Dornheim. Electric Brakes Tested on F-16. AVIATION WEEK&SPACE TECHNOLOGY, January 18 1999, p51.
[59]Wright Laboratory Success Stories. A Review of 1996. Wright Lab Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, Apr 1997.
[60]Alsobrook C B. Wear of F-16 Main wheel Tires During Constant Slip Ratio Braking. SAE 951392 1995.
[61]Agrawal S K. Braking Performance of Aircraft Tires. Prog Aerospace Sci, Vol 23 1986.
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[69]H. Chris Tseng, Charlie W Chi . Aircraft Antilock Brake System with Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Synamics 1995.
[70]Yanner J A, Ulrich P C. Emerging Technologies in Aircraft Landing Gear. Warrendale:Society of Automotive Engineers, Tnc, 1997.
[71]Yadav D, Singh CVK. Landing Response of Aircraft with Optimal Anti-skid Braking. Journal of Sound and Vibration (1995) 181 (3) 401—416.
[72]Alsobrook C B. Wear of F-16 Main wheel Tires During Constant Slip Ratio Braking. SAE 951392 1995.
[2] 刘忠平．飞机数字式电子防滑刹车系统的研究．西北工业大学硕士论文1999．
[3] 赖根，肖明清，夏锐等．国外自动测试系统发展现状综述．探测与控制学报2005，27(3)：26—30．
[4] 张瑜，王纪森．飞机数字式电子防滑系统采用新控制律的仿真研究[J]．航空学报，1995，16(1)：123～127．
[5] 汪敏生．LabVIEW基础教程．电子工业出版社，2002．
[6] 雷振山．LabVIEW 7 Express实用技术教程．中国铁道出版社，2004．
[7] 杨乐平，李海涛．LabVIEW程序设计与应用．电子工业出版社，2001．
[8] 孙传友．测控系统原理与设计．北京航空航天大学出版社，2002．
[9] 张国雄，金篆芷．测控电路．北京：机械工业出版社，2001．
[10] 柴春吉．浅谈测试系统的抗干扰技术．机电工程技术，2004，33(4)：14～15．
[11] 于功敬，奚全生．虚拟测试系统的体系结构及其发展．电子产品世界，2004，(1)：59—61．
[12] 王纪森，何长安．防滑刹车控制系统分析．西北工业大学学报，2000，18(3)：470～473．
[13] 王幸之，王雷等．单片机应用系统抗干扰技术．北京航空航天大学出版社，2002．
[14] 王纪森．非线性控制理论在防滑刹车系统中的应用研究．西北工业大学博士论文，2001．
[15] 张谦．飞机电传刹车数字式防滑刹车系统的控制律的仿真研究．西北工业大学硕士论文，1999．
[16] 孙涵芳．Intel 16位单片机．北京航空航天大学出版社，1999．
[17] 程军．Intel 80C196单片机应用实践与C语言开发．北京航空航天大学出版社，2001．
[18] 沙占友．单片机外围电路设计．电子工业出版社，2003．
[19] 刘君华．虚拟仪器图形化编程语言LabVIEW教程．西安电子科技大学出版社，2001．
[20] 库姆斯．Visual Basic编程实用大全．中国水利水电出版社，2005．
[21] 求是科技．Visum C++6.0入门与提高．人民邮电出版社，2002．
[22] 金斗焕．用MAX038制作的函数发生器．电子元器件应用，2001．1，33～35．
[23] 李良光．波形产生集成电路MhX038．世界电子元器件2000，11，49～51．
[24] 张吉玲．MAX038及函数信号发生器．南昌大学学报，2000．12，350—355．
[25] 赵海涛，罗飞路，孙瑜，赵冬明．利用80C196KB片上A／D转换实现的高精度数据采集系统．电子设计应用，2004 6(2)：57～58，86．
[26] 王纪森，何长安．飞机轮胎与跑道间结合系数模型的研究．西北工业大学学报，2000，8(4)：569～572。
[27] 宣丽萍．虚拟仪器及其在控制器测试系统中的应用．煤矿机械，2005，2：109～111．
[28] 曾声奎．系统可靠性设计分析教程．北京航空航天大学出版社，2001．
[29] 高云凯．对某机电子防滑刹车系统的评估．飞机设计，1994，2：44～62．
[30] 黄惟一，胡生清．控制技术与系统．北京：机械工业出版社，2002．
[31] 求是科技编著．单片机通信技术与工程实践．人民邮电出版社，2005．
[32] 陈娟，宋国彪，王占林．飞机防滑刹车系统自适应控制器的设计与实现．机床与液压，2002．6：52～54．
[33] 胡雄文，霍恒昌．汽车ABS模糊控制方法的研究与仿真．汽车科技，2002 1，14～17．
[34] 高蕾．飞机全电刹车系统的研究．西北工业大学硕士论文，2004．
[35] 郑珊珊，黄元庆．测试系统的虚拟仪器设计．机电工程技术，2005，34(3)：44～46．
[36] 陆晓洁，谢利理，林辉，飞机防滑刹车系统的回顾与展望．航空科学技术，2003，2： 29—32．
[37] 邵勇，黄纯华，沙立民．Pc机与80C196KB的串行通信．微计算机信息，2001，12：26～28．
[38] 郑海英，杨汇军，王立红．测控系统数据传输的设计．自动化与仪表，2002， 17(3)：66～67．
[39] 杨宏丽，张健．单片机测控系统的硬件及软件抗干扰技术．电子工程，2004，4：45～47．
[40] Brake Control Evolution. Hydro-Aire break control system. 2002.
[41] R Somakumar, J Chandrasekhar. Intelligent anti-skid brake controler using a neural network. Control Engineer Practice (1999) 611-621.
[42] Muller, Steffen. Slip-based tire-road friction estimation during braking. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2002.
[43] National Instrument. The Measurement and Automation Catalog. 2001.
[44] National Instrument. G Programming Reference Manual. 2001.
[45]National Instrument. LabVIEW User Manual. 2001.
[46]National Instrument. LabVIEW Run-time System Guide. 2001.
[47]National Instrument. LabVIEW 7. 0. 2001.
[48]National Instruments. The fundamentals of Virtual Instrument. Building your system , 2003.
[49]National Instruments Corporation. The Measurement and Automation Catalog. 2002.
[50]Young D W . Aircraft Landing Gears-The Past, Present and Future. Paper SAE 864752 presented at a Joint Meeting of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers and the Royal Aeronautical Society held in Bristol on 17 April 1985.
[51]Hirzel E A Real. Time Microprocessor Technology Applie to Automatic Braking Systems. Paper SAE 801164 presented at Aerospace Congress&Exposition Los Angeles Convention Center, Oct, 1980.
[52]Devlieg G H. 757/767 Brake and Antiskid System. ICAS-84-5,1984.
[53]Warrendale. Evolution in braking. Automotive Engineering, 1992.
[54]H. Chris Tseng, Charlie W Chi. Aircraft Antilock Brake System with Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic. Journal of Guidance, Control and Synamics 1995.
[55]Yanner J A, Ulrich P C. Emerging Technologies in Aircraft Landing Gear. Warrendale: Society of Automotive Engineers, Tnc, 1997.
[56]Yadav D, Singh CVK. Landing Response of Aircraft with Optimal Anti-skid Braking. Journal of Sound and Vibration (1995) 181 (3) 401-416.
[57]Jeffery R Layne. Fuzzy Learning Control for Antiskid Braking Systems. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol, June 1993.
[58]Michael A Dornheim. Electric Brakes Tested on F-16. AVIATION WEEK&SPACE TECHNOLOGY, January 18 1999, p51.
[59]Wright Laboratory Success Stories. A Review of 1996. Wright Lab Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, Apr 1997.
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