SMA绞线—叠层橡胶复合支座及其隔震性能研究
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摘要
在结构隔震中,应用最为广泛的隔震元件是普通叠层橡胶支座和铅芯橡胶支座.由于普通叠层橡胶支座的水平刚度低,过大的水平剪切变形易导致支座失稳;而铅芯橡胶支座发生过大的水平剪切变形后无法恢复原状,降低了支座的自恢复能力.利用形状记忆合金(SMA)超弹性特性,在普通叠层橡胶支座四周安装SMA绞线,作为支座恢复力的补充,既提高了支座的水平侧移刚度,又可使支座发生过大的水平剪切变形后恢复到原位并保持支座的稳定。
本文研制了一种SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座,并系统地研究了该支座的隔震性能以及对结构的隔震效果,为工程应用提供了科学依据,因而具有重要的理论意义和工程价值.主要研究工作和创新成果包括以下三个方面:
(1)SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座的研制.通过SMA丝和SMA绞线的力学性能试验,验证了SMA绞线具有更好的超弹性性能.针对普通叠层橡胶支座水平侧向刚度和恢复能力低的问题,利用SMA材料的超弹性性能,将SMA绞线对角安装在普通叠层橡胶支座的四周,设计开发出一种新型SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座。
(2)SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座隔震性能的振动台试验.通过在地震模拟振动台上的对比试验,分析了隔震层的位移幅值对SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座隔震性能的基本参数如等效水平刚度、最大恢复力和等效阻尼比等的影响及其规律,验证了SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座具有良好的隔震性能。
(3)基于SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座的结构隔震研究.通过对未安装隔震支座、安装普通叠层橡胶复支座以及安装SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座的三种情况下四层框架结构地震响应的数值模拟和对比分析,进一步验证了本文所研制的SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座具有优越的隔震性能。
In seismic isolation of structures, ordinary laminated rubber bearing and lead rubber bearing are widely used as isolation components. Due to low lateral stiffness of the ordinary laminated rubber bearing, excessive lateral shear deformation may cause the bearing unstable. The lead rubber bearing can not restore to its original phase after excessive lateral shear deformation, which may reduce the self-restoring capacity of the bearing.
By employing super-elasticity property of shape memory strands is installed all-around the ordinary laminated rubber bearing as a supplement of restoring capacity of the bearing. This not only increases the lateral stiffness of the bearing, but also makes the bearing restore to its original phase after excessive lateral shear deformation and keep the bearing stable.
In this dissertation, a SMA-laminated rubber compound bearing is developed and the seismic isolation behavior of the developed bearing is systematically investigated. This provides a scientific reference for engineering application and has important theoretical significance and engineering value. The main research work and creative achievements are included three aspects as following:
(1) Development on SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing. Through test on mechanical behavior of SMA wire and SMA strand, the SMA strand is proved to have better super-elasticity property. Against the problem of low lateral stiffness and restoring capacity of the original laminated rubber bearing and employing the super-elasticity property of SMA material, the SMA strands are installed all-around the ordinary laminated rubber bearing, and a novel SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing is designed and developed.
(2) Shaking table test on seismic isolation behavior of the SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing. Through comparison test on earthquake simulation shaking table, the influence of displacement amplitude on fundamental parameters, including equivalent lateral stiffness, maximum restoring force and equivalent damping ratio and so on, of seismic isolation behavior of the SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing in investigated. This verifies that the SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing has good seismic isolation behavior.
(3) Study on seismic isolation behavior of structure based on SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing. Through numerical simulation and comparison analysis for seismic responses of a four-story frame structure in the three cases of without any seismic isolation bearing, with original laminated rubber bearings or with SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearings, the developed SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing is further proved to have superior seismic isolation behavior.
本文研制了一种SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座,并系统地研究了该支座的隔震性能以及对结构的隔震效果,为工程应用提供了科学依据,因而具有重要的理论意义和工程价值.主要研究工作和创新成果包括以下三个方面:
(1)SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座的研制.通过SMA丝和SMA绞线的力学性能试验,验证了SMA绞线具有更好的超弹性性能.针对普通叠层橡胶支座水平侧向刚度和恢复能力低的问题,利用SMA材料的超弹性性能,将SMA绞线对角安装在普通叠层橡胶支座的四周,设计开发出一种新型SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座。
(2)SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座隔震性能的振动台试验.通过在地震模拟振动台上的对比试验,分析了隔震层的位移幅值对SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座隔震性能的基本参数如等效水平刚度、最大恢复力和等效阻尼比等的影响及其规律,验证了SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座具有良好的隔震性能。
(3)基于SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座的结构隔震研究.通过对未安装隔震支座、安装普通叠层橡胶复支座以及安装SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座的三种情况下四层框架结构地震响应的数值模拟和对比分析,进一步验证了本文所研制的SMA绞线˙叠层橡胶复合支座具有优越的隔震性能。
In seismic isolation of structures, ordinary laminated rubber bearing and lead rubber bearing are widely used as isolation components. Due to low lateral stiffness of the ordinary laminated rubber bearing, excessive lateral shear deformation may cause the bearing unstable. The lead rubber bearing can not restore to its original phase after excessive lateral shear deformation, which may reduce the self-restoring capacity of the bearing.
By employing super-elasticity property of shape memory strands is installed all-around the ordinary laminated rubber bearing as a supplement of restoring capacity of the bearing. This not only increases the lateral stiffness of the bearing, but also makes the bearing restore to its original phase after excessive lateral shear deformation and keep the bearing stable.
In this dissertation, a SMA-laminated rubber compound bearing is developed and the seismic isolation behavior of the developed bearing is systematically investigated. This provides a scientific reference for engineering application and has important theoretical significance and engineering value. The main research work and creative achievements are included three aspects as following:
(1) Development on SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing. Through test on mechanical behavior of SMA wire and SMA strand, the SMA strand is proved to have better super-elasticity property. Against the problem of low lateral stiffness and restoring capacity of the original laminated rubber bearing and employing the super-elasticity property of SMA material, the SMA strands are installed all-around the ordinary laminated rubber bearing, and a novel SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing is designed and developed.
(2) Shaking table test on seismic isolation behavior of the SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing. Through comparison test on earthquake simulation shaking table, the influence of displacement amplitude on fundamental parameters, including equivalent lateral stiffness, maximum restoring force and equivalent damping ratio and so on, of seismic isolation behavior of the SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing in investigated. This verifies that the SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing has good seismic isolation behavior.
(3) Study on seismic isolation behavior of structure based on SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing. Through numerical simulation and comparison analysis for seismic responses of a four-story frame structure in the three cases of without any seismic isolation bearing, with original laminated rubber bearings or with SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearings, the developed SMA strands-laminated rubber compound bearing is further proved to have superior seismic isolation behavior.
引文
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