冀中砂坳油田防缩膨技术研究
摘要
粘土矿物遇水易膨胀、分散、运移,从而堵塞地层孔隙结构的喉部,降低地层渗透性,影响油井产量和注水井注水量。为解决冀中砂坳油田部分水敏比较严重油藏出现的注水井注水压力高、难以完成配注的问题,论文进行了注水井防膨技术研究。本文收集了16种不同类型的防膨剂,通过离心法对这些防膨剂进行了筛选和复配,形成了防膨率高达94%的四种配方。评价表明,所形成的配方具有良好的耐水冲刷能力,可有效抑制油田岩心注水过程中的伤害。在此基础上,研究了防膨剂的投注时机、投注周期和投注量,对防膨剂的现场使用有指导意义。另外,本文以既具有防膨功能又具有缩膨特性为目标,设计了由ZYKM-01、FG和ZJ等组份组成的防缩膨剂配方,防膨率平均达92.5%、缩膨率平均为68%,总结了适用于防缩膨技术的选井原则和现场试验方案中各参数的设计依据。论文研究的防膨剂目前在冀中砂坳油田已应用30井次,其中21口井处理后注水压力得到了较好控制;防缩膨技术在州16-9进行了应用,也取得了较好的增注效果。
Clay minerals are easy to swell、disperse and migrate in the water, thereby blocking the throat of pore structure, reducing formation permeability, ultimately, affecting well yield and water injection. In order to solve problems of high injection pressure and difficult injection proration caused by serious water sensitivity, the technology of anti-swelling was studied in this paper. 16 different types of anti-swelling agents were collected in this paper. Those anti-swelling agents were selected and compounded by the centrifugal method to form four kinds of formulas whose swelling prevention ratio may achieve 96%. Evaluations showed that these formulas had high anti-washing capacity and can effectively inhibit the damage of core in the process of water injection. Moreover, injection time, injection cycle and injection rate of anti-swelling agents were studied which possess guiding significance to the field use of anti-swelling agents. In addition, a formula consisting of ZYKM-01, FG and ZJ was designed for the purpose of anti-swelling and shrinkage performance in this paper, anti-swelling rate could reach 92.5% and shrinking rate 68% on average. The principle of well selection applicable for anti-swelling and shrinking technology, and design basis of parameters in field testing project were summarized. The anti-swelling agent studied in this paper has been used in 30 wells of JiZhong Shaao field, of which 21 wells’injection pressure were brought under effective control. The application in Zhou 16-9 field showed that anti-swelling and shrinking technology was effective in augmented injection.
Clay minerals are easy to swell、disperse and migrate in the water, thereby blocking the throat of pore structure, reducing formation permeability, ultimately, affecting well yield and water injection. In order to solve problems of high injection pressure and difficult injection proration caused by serious water sensitivity, the technology of anti-swelling was studied in this paper. 16 different types of anti-swelling agents were collected in this paper. Those anti-swelling agents were selected and compounded by the centrifugal method to form four kinds of formulas whose swelling prevention ratio may achieve 96%. Evaluations showed that these formulas had high anti-washing capacity and can effectively inhibit the damage of core in the process of water injection. Moreover, injection time, injection cycle and injection rate of anti-swelling agents were studied which possess guiding significance to the field use of anti-swelling agents. In addition, a formula consisting of ZYKM-01, FG and ZJ was designed for the purpose of anti-swelling and shrinkage performance in this paper, anti-swelling rate could reach 92.5% and shrinking rate 68% on average. The principle of well selection applicable for anti-swelling and shrinking technology, and design basis of parameters in field testing project were summarized. The anti-swelling agent studied in this paper has been used in 30 wells of JiZhong Shaao field, of which 21 wells’injection pressure were brought under effective control. The application in Zhou 16-9 field showed that anti-swelling and shrinking technology was effective in augmented injection.
引文
[1]朱金才,黄丽仙,史江恒,等.SSN-3粘土稳定剂的研制及应用[J].断块油气田,1998,5(5):63～65.
[2] H.A.Nasr-EI-Din,A.A.Al-Mulhem,and J.D.Lynn,Evaluation of Clay Stabilizers for a Sandstone Field in Central Saudi Arabia[C].SPE 57393 ,1999.
[3] C.D.His,Dowell Schlumberger,Evaluation of Clay Ccontrol Additives for Matrix Acidizing Operations[C]. SPE 13086 ,1984.
[4]郭志华,许星,刘玉忠,等.防膨稳定剂的优选及矿场应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2002,9(1):79～82.
[5] H.A.Nasr-EI-Din,A.A.Al-Mulhem,and J.D.Lynn,Evaluation of Clay Stabilizers for a Sandstone Field in Central Saudi Arabia[C]. SPE 57393 ,1999.
[6] C.D.His,Dowell Schlumberger,Evaluation of Clay Ccontrol Additives for Matrix Acidizing Operations[C]. SPE 13086 ,1984.
[7]丁锐.地层粘土水化的总体机理和影响因素[J].油田化学,1998,15(2):180-184.
[8]樊世忠,何纶.国内外油气层保护技术的新发展[J].石油钻探技术,2005,3,33(2):1～4.
[9]崔桂陵.多羟基阳离子聚合物做粘土防膨剂进行研究[J].石油大学学报, 1990,14(1):26～30.
[10]崔桂陵.多羟基阳离子聚合物做粘土防膨剂进行研究[J].石油大学学报, 1990,14(1):26～30.
[11]李平.吡啶衍生物抑制水敏性粘土膨胀和运移作用研究[J].油田化学, 1999,17(2):186-189.
[12]马喜平,罗岚,肖红章.聚季铵盐粘土稳定剂的性能评价[J].钻井液与完井液,1995,12(2):49～51.
[13]黄志宇,何燕,虞年.FP-1粘土防膨剂的研究[J].石油钻采工艺,1995,17(3):55～57.
[14]屈撑囤.聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵与粘土间的作用[J].油田化学,1996 ,13(1):7～10.
[15]吴新民,罗平亚.阳离子聚合物粘土稳定剂有效期的评价及预测[J].石油钻采工艺,1996,18(1):28～32.
[16]向兴金,范山鹰,赖燕玲.JCS粘土稳定剂的合成与评价[J].湖北化工,1998,4:47～48.
[17]温志刚,陈耀武,付继彤,等.FGW-1复合耐高温粘土稳定剂室内研究与应用[J].油气采收率技术, 1998,5(4):63～66.
[18]马喜平,邵定波.PA阳离子聚合物的合成及抑制性研究[J].钻采工艺,1999,22(1):47～48.
[19]黄春,刘尚营,张春光,等.NH4+,尿素和聚乙二醇对蒙脱土的抑制膨胀作用[J].化学学报,2003,61(7):983～988.
[20]刘淑萍,张从德.一种新型固体粘土稳定剂的研制与应用[J].钻采工艺, 2000,24(2):55～62.
[21]靳保军,李尚贵,马兴芹,等.小分子量粘土稳定剂J-1的研制与应用[J].油田化学,2001,18(2):128～138.
[22]朱维群,张蕊,刘光增,等.油田新型粘土稳定剂CETA的性能[J].应用化学,2003,20(10):955～958 .
[23] Beng-Swee Chuah, A.R.Formation Damage in Gravel Packed and Non-Gravel Packed Completions: A Comprehensive Case Study[C]. SPE 27360,1994
[24] Alaln Zaltoun,Nlcole Berton,Stabilization of Montmorillonite Clay in Porous Media by High-Molecular-Weight Polymers[C].SPE 19416,1992.
[25] Gollapudi, U.K.Ultrasonic Treatment for Removal of Asphaltene Deposits During Petroleum Production[C]. SPE27377, 1994
[26] Himes,R1E1:Clay stabilization in low permeability formations[C]. SPE Production Engineering,1991 ,31
[27]梵世忠,何纶.国内外油气层保护技术的新发展(II)——工程技术措施[J].石油钻探技术, 2005,32:(3)1～2.
[28]赵福麟.油田化学[M]石油大学出版社2000:327.
[29]马喜平,邵定波.PA阳离子聚合物的合成及抑制性研究[J].钻采工艺,1999,22(1):47～48 .
[30] Mack, J C et all. In–depth collidal dispersion gels improved oil recovery efficiency [C]. paper SPEPDOE 27780 presented at the 1994 improved oil recovery symposiumtulsa,Okla, USA Apr 17-20
[31]温志刚,陈耀武,付继彤,等.FGW-1复合耐高温粘土稳定剂室内研究与应用[J].油气采收率技术, 1998,5(4):63～66.
[32]马喜平,胡星琪,杨斌,等.一种新型阳离子聚合物的研制及评价[J].西南石油学院学报, 1995:17(2):114～115.
[33]赵福麟等.油田化学[M],石油大学出版社2000:307
[34]杨光胜,樊世忠等.有机阳离子聚合物粘土稳定剂的评价[J].油田化学,1989,6(4):285～298.
[2] H.A.Nasr-EI-Din,A.A.Al-Mulhem,and J.D.Lynn,Evaluation of Clay Stabilizers for a Sandstone Field in Central Saudi Arabia[C].SPE 57393 ,1999.
[3] C.D.His,Dowell Schlumberger,Evaluation of Clay Ccontrol Additives for Matrix Acidizing Operations[C]. SPE 13086 ,1984.
[4]郭志华,许星,刘玉忠,等.防膨稳定剂的优选及矿场应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2002,9(1):79～82.
[5] H.A.Nasr-EI-Din,A.A.Al-Mulhem,and J.D.Lynn,Evaluation of Clay Stabilizers for a Sandstone Field in Central Saudi Arabia[C]. SPE 57393 ,1999.
[6] C.D.His,Dowell Schlumberger,Evaluation of Clay Ccontrol Additives for Matrix Acidizing Operations[C]. SPE 13086 ,1984.
[7]丁锐.地层粘土水化的总体机理和影响因素[J].油田化学,1998,15(2):180-184.
[8]樊世忠,何纶.国内外油气层保护技术的新发展[J].石油钻探技术,2005,3,33(2):1～4.
[9]崔桂陵.多羟基阳离子聚合物做粘土防膨剂进行研究[J].石油大学学报, 1990,14(1):26～30.
[10]崔桂陵.多羟基阳离子聚合物做粘土防膨剂进行研究[J].石油大学学报, 1990,14(1):26～30.
[11]李平.吡啶衍生物抑制水敏性粘土膨胀和运移作用研究[J].油田化学, 1999,17(2):186-189.
[12]马喜平,罗岚,肖红章.聚季铵盐粘土稳定剂的性能评价[J].钻井液与完井液,1995,12(2):49～51.
[13]黄志宇,何燕,虞年.FP-1粘土防膨剂的研究[J].石油钻采工艺,1995,17(3):55～57.
[14]屈撑囤.聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵与粘土间的作用[J].油田化学,1996 ,13(1):7～10.
[15]吴新民,罗平亚.阳离子聚合物粘土稳定剂有效期的评价及预测[J].石油钻采工艺,1996,18(1):28～32.
[16]向兴金,范山鹰,赖燕玲.JCS粘土稳定剂的合成与评价[J].湖北化工,1998,4:47～48.
[17]温志刚,陈耀武,付继彤,等.FGW-1复合耐高温粘土稳定剂室内研究与应用[J].油气采收率技术, 1998,5(4):63～66.
[18]马喜平,邵定波.PA阳离子聚合物的合成及抑制性研究[J].钻采工艺,1999,22(1):47～48.
[19]黄春,刘尚营,张春光,等.NH4+,尿素和聚乙二醇对蒙脱土的抑制膨胀作用[J].化学学报,2003,61(7):983～988.
[20]刘淑萍,张从德.一种新型固体粘土稳定剂的研制与应用[J].钻采工艺, 2000,24(2):55～62.
[21]靳保军,李尚贵,马兴芹,等.小分子量粘土稳定剂J-1的研制与应用[J].油田化学,2001,18(2):128～138.
[22]朱维群,张蕊,刘光增,等.油田新型粘土稳定剂CETA的性能[J].应用化学,2003,20(10):955～958 .
[23] Beng-Swee Chuah, A.R.Formation Damage in Gravel Packed and Non-Gravel Packed Completions: A Comprehensive Case Study[C]. SPE 27360,1994
[24] Alaln Zaltoun,Nlcole Berton,Stabilization of Montmorillonite Clay in Porous Media by High-Molecular-Weight Polymers[C].SPE 19416,1992.
[25] Gollapudi, U.K.Ultrasonic Treatment for Removal of Asphaltene Deposits During Petroleum Production[C]. SPE27377, 1994
[26] Himes,R1E1:Clay stabilization in low permeability formations[C]. SPE Production Engineering,1991 ,31
[27]梵世忠,何纶.国内外油气层保护技术的新发展(II)——工程技术措施[J].石油钻探技术, 2005,32:(3)1～2.
[28]赵福麟.油田化学[M]石油大学出版社2000:327.
[29]马喜平,邵定波.PA阳离子聚合物的合成及抑制性研究[J].钻采工艺,1999,22(1):47～48 .
[30] Mack, J C et all. In–depth collidal dispersion gels improved oil recovery efficiency [C]. paper SPEPDOE 27780 presented at the 1994 improved oil recovery symposiumtulsa,Okla, USA Apr 17-20
[31]温志刚,陈耀武,付继彤,等.FGW-1复合耐高温粘土稳定剂室内研究与应用[J].油气采收率技术, 1998,5(4):63～66.
[32]马喜平,胡星琪,杨斌,等.一种新型阳离子聚合物的研制及评价[J].西南石油学院学报, 1995:17(2):114～115.
[33]赵福麟等.油田化学[M],石油大学出版社2000:307
[34]杨光胜,樊世忠等.有机阳离子聚合物粘土稳定剂的评价[J].油田化学,1989,6(4):285～298.