日粮纤维对经产母猪的营养生理作用及繁殖性能的影响
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摘要
本研究以“爱博素”作为主要纤维原料,以母猪的整个繁殖期作为研究对象,探讨日粮纤维对妊娠母猪产前行为(配种后22d至分娩前1周)、消化生理、内分泌及繁殖性能的影响,为阐明日粮纤维对母猪的营养生理作用和繁殖性能的影响提供依据。
本研究包括2个试验:
试验一:主要研究日粮纤维对妊娠母猪产前行为(配种后22d至分娩前1周)、消化生理和内分泌的影响。选择已配种大约克夏母猪30头,随机分为3个组,每组10头,饲养周期114d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,妊娠前期处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ在基础日粮的基础上分别添加2%、4%的“爱博素”,3个组的粗纤维含量分别为4.14%、5.27%和6.06%,妊娠后期处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ分别添加1%、3%的“爱博素”,3个组的粗纤维含量分别为2.62%、3.45%和5.22%。测定指标:血清指标、粪便水分含量、pH、微生物菌群、营养物质消化率等。
试验二:继续使用试验一的母猪作为试验动物,参试母猪组别不变,每组9头。各组日粮组成和纤维水平同妊娠后期,研究日粮纤维对哺乳母猪繁殖性能的影响。测定指标:哺乳期采食量、繁殖性能及乳样指标。
结果表明:(1)在其它营养水平一致的情况下,提高日粮纤维含量可升高妊娠前期血糖浓度(P<0.05),降低甘油三酯(P<0.01)、总胆固醇(P<0.05)含量;可降低妊娠后期血清中总抗氧化能力(P<0.05)、过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05)和泌乳素水平(P<0.01)。(2)使用“爱博素”作为主要纤维原料,妊娠前期粗纤维含量为5.27%,妊娠后期粗纤维含量为5.22%时,有提高妊娠前期有机物消化率的作用,妊娠前期粪便水分含量出现下降,妊娠前期和后期粪便的pH出现升高。并且日粮中含有一定量的纤维有降低粪便中大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05),提高乳酸杆菌数量的作用(P<0.05)。(3)日粮纤维具有降低妊娠母猪异常行为的作用。对持续改善妊娠母猪粪便性状没有帮助。(4)使用妊娠前期粗纤维含量为5.27%,妊娠后期和哺乳期粗纤维含量为5.22%的日粮有提高采食量、平均窝产仔数、平均窝产活仔数、窝断奶仔猪数、降低返情率的趋势,并有提高乳糖的作用(P<0.05)。
“Arbocel”were selected as main fiber sources in trail diet,multiparous sows were used to study on the effects of dietary fiber on prenatal behavior(after breeding 24d to before delivery 1w),digestive physiology and endocrine for pregnancy sows and reproductive performance for sows,Therefore, it’s theory reference to definitude the nutrition and physiology role and the effects of dietary fibre on reproductive performance in sows.
The experiments were showed as follows:
The first experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fiber on prenatal behavior( after breeding 24d to before delivery 1w),digestive physiology and endocrine for pregnancy sows. 30 Large White multiparous sows were allotted randomly into three groups,each group had ten replicates. Control group was fed basal diet,in early pregnancy,experimental groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 2% and 4%“Arbocel”respectively .Crude fibre content was 4.14%、5.27% and 6.06%;in late pregnancy,experimental groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 1% and 3%“Arbocel”respectively .Crude fibre content was 2.62%、3.45% and 5.22%. Determination of indicators: serum indicators, fecal water content, pH, microbial flora, nutrient digestibility.
The second experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fibre on reproductive performance based on the first experiment, group numbers of sows were not different, each group had nine replicates.Diet composition and crude fibre content were same as late pregnancy. Determination of indicators: lactation feed intake, reproductive performance and milk-like indicators.
The results were showed as follows:
(1)Dietary fibre affected level of serum urea nitrogen,serum,triglycerides and total cholesterol in pregnancy sows. T-AOC(P<0.05),CAT activity(P<0.05)and PRL level(P< 0.05 ) were decreased in late pregnancy.(2)“Arbocel”were selected as main fiber sources,Crude fibre content was 5.27% in early pregnancy;crude fibre content was3.45% in late pregnancy,organics digestibility was increased and fecal moisture content was decreased in early pregnancy.Fecal scherichia pH and bacterium were increased(P<0.05),escherichia was decreased(P<0.05).(3)Dietary fibre decreased the abnormal behavior,positive correlation between the roles and dietary fibre content was found.There was no role in improving fecal score.(4)Crude fibre content was 5.27% in early pregnancy;crude fibre content was3.45% in late pregnancy,there were a tendency in improving feed intake,average litter size,average alive litter size and average weaned litter size,return to estrus rate was decreased. Lactose was increased(P<0.05).
本研究包括2个试验:
试验一:主要研究日粮纤维对妊娠母猪产前行为(配种后22d至分娩前1周)、消化生理和内分泌的影响。选择已配种大约克夏母猪30头,随机分为3个组,每组10头,饲养周期114d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,妊娠前期处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ在基础日粮的基础上分别添加2%、4%的“爱博素”,3个组的粗纤维含量分别为4.14%、5.27%和6.06%,妊娠后期处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ分别添加1%、3%的“爱博素”,3个组的粗纤维含量分别为2.62%、3.45%和5.22%。测定指标:血清指标、粪便水分含量、pH、微生物菌群、营养物质消化率等。
试验二:继续使用试验一的母猪作为试验动物,参试母猪组别不变,每组9头。各组日粮组成和纤维水平同妊娠后期,研究日粮纤维对哺乳母猪繁殖性能的影响。测定指标:哺乳期采食量、繁殖性能及乳样指标。
结果表明:(1)在其它营养水平一致的情况下,提高日粮纤维含量可升高妊娠前期血糖浓度(P<0.05),降低甘油三酯(P<0.01)、总胆固醇(P<0.05)含量;可降低妊娠后期血清中总抗氧化能力(P<0.05)、过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05)和泌乳素水平(P<0.01)。(2)使用“爱博素”作为主要纤维原料,妊娠前期粗纤维含量为5.27%,妊娠后期粗纤维含量为5.22%时,有提高妊娠前期有机物消化率的作用,妊娠前期粪便水分含量出现下降,妊娠前期和后期粪便的pH出现升高。并且日粮中含有一定量的纤维有降低粪便中大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05),提高乳酸杆菌数量的作用(P<0.05)。(3)日粮纤维具有降低妊娠母猪异常行为的作用。对持续改善妊娠母猪粪便性状没有帮助。(4)使用妊娠前期粗纤维含量为5.27%,妊娠后期和哺乳期粗纤维含量为5.22%的日粮有提高采食量、平均窝产仔数、平均窝产活仔数、窝断奶仔猪数、降低返情率的趋势,并有提高乳糖的作用(P<0.05)。
“Arbocel”were selected as main fiber sources in trail diet,multiparous sows were used to study on the effects of dietary fiber on prenatal behavior(after breeding 24d to before delivery 1w),digestive physiology and endocrine for pregnancy sows and reproductive performance for sows,Therefore, it’s theory reference to definitude the nutrition and physiology role and the effects of dietary fibre on reproductive performance in sows.
The experiments were showed as follows:
The first experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fiber on prenatal behavior( after breeding 24d to before delivery 1w),digestive physiology and endocrine for pregnancy sows. 30 Large White multiparous sows were allotted randomly into three groups,each group had ten replicates. Control group was fed basal diet,in early pregnancy,experimental groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 2% and 4%“Arbocel”respectively .Crude fibre content was 4.14%、5.27% and 6.06%;in late pregnancy,experimental groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 1% and 3%“Arbocel”respectively .Crude fibre content was 2.62%、3.45% and 5.22%. Determination of indicators: serum indicators, fecal water content, pH, microbial flora, nutrient digestibility.
The second experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fibre on reproductive performance based on the first experiment, group numbers of sows were not different, each group had nine replicates.Diet composition and crude fibre content were same as late pregnancy. Determination of indicators: lactation feed intake, reproductive performance and milk-like indicators.
The results were showed as follows:
(1)Dietary fibre affected level of serum urea nitrogen,serum,triglycerides and total cholesterol in pregnancy sows. T-AOC(P<0.05),CAT activity(P<0.05)and PRL level(P< 0.05 ) were decreased in late pregnancy.(2)“Arbocel”were selected as main fiber sources,Crude fibre content was 5.27% in early pregnancy;crude fibre content was3.45% in late pregnancy,organics digestibility was increased and fecal moisture content was decreased in early pregnancy.Fecal scherichia pH and bacterium were increased(P<0.05),escherichia was decreased(P<0.05).(3)Dietary fibre decreased the abnormal behavior,positive correlation between the roles and dietary fibre content was found.There was no role in improving fecal score.(4)Crude fibre content was 5.27% in early pregnancy;crude fibre content was3.45% in late pregnancy,there were a tendency in improving feed intake,average litter size,average alive litter size and average weaned litter size,return to estrus rate was decreased. Lactose was increased(P<0.05).
引文
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