异形直接甲醇燃料电池新型电极的研究
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摘要
直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)由于具有结构简单、燃料便于携带、比能量高等优点,在小型可移动电源和微型电源方面具有广阔的应用前景。目前DMFC的单电池和电池组在结构上采用平板型设计,需要用昂贵的双极板作为反应物输送的流道,以及串联各个单电池向负载输送电子的通道。由于双极板的流道狭窄,需要外围设备来储存、输送反应物用于维持系统正常工作,使得DMFC电池组集成度低,不能满足便携电源的要求。双极板的使用不仅增加了电池堆的制作成本,还给系统的安装、维护带来困难。针对平板型DMFC的不足,提出了异形直接甲醇燃料电池(ADMFC)的设计概念,简化了电池的结构,将燃料储存在电池内部,减小了电池的体积,采用空气自呼吸方式,避免了机械供气所造成的能量消耗。
凝胶注模成型工艺是一种传统的制备陶瓷薄片的方法,和中间相碳微球(Mesocarbon microbead,MCMB)相结合可以制备性能优良的碳复合材料。为了制备稳定均一的MCMB浆料,首先研究了分散剂对MCMB悬浮体Zeta电位的影响,其次研究浆料的流变性,包括不同的固含量、分散剂量对浆料流变性的影响。然后研究了素坯的体积密度和抗弯强度与固相含量间的关系,以及烧结体的体积密度、抗弯强度及线收缩率与固相含量间的关系,以此获得凝胶注模成型工艺配方。同时利用该工艺以MCMB为原料,制得了透气性优良、强度高、导电性能好的高性能的电极支撑体。
在考察了膜电极制备工艺对电池性能影响的基础上,选择涂覆工艺,然后将Nation115膜包裹在管状电极上制备管状阴极,组装了管状直接甲醇燃料电池并进行放电性能测试,其功率密度最高可达到17mW/cm~2。
Direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC)is viewed as a promising power source for various portable devices due to its simplicity in structure,higher energy density of the system.The DMFC stack was designed in plannar structure,which needs the expensive bi-polar to transfer the reactants to every fuel cell and the electrons produced by electrochemical reaction to the load.The peripheral equipments such as the tank,gas cylinders and pumps must be used for storing and transferring the reactants to sustain the DMFC system working normal,since the flow channel of the bi-polar is narrow.The use of bi-polar not only increases the stack's cost,but also involves certain difficulties to the system assembly and maintenance,for example,if one single fuel cell of the stack destroyed,the whole stack had to disassemble and assemble again.An idea of designing Abnormity Direct Methanol Fuel Cell(ADMFC) was proposed to overcome the disadvantages of plannar DMFC.The abnormity design simplify the structure of the battery and the fuel is stored in the battery itself, reduces the size of batteries,the use of air breathing pattern avoid the mechanical energy created by gas consumption..
Gelcasting is a traditional method for the manufacture of ceramic laminations combine with mesocarbon microbead(MCMB) can preparation a excellent performance carbon composite material.For the preparation of a stable and homogeneous slurry of MCMB,first research focuses on how dispersant(Tween 80)affects the electric potential of suspension Zeta.Secondly the rheologic property of slurries consisting of solid loading and different value of dispersant.Then the relations about bulk density and flexural strength of MCMB roughcast vs.solid loading,and bulk densities,flexural strength and linear shrinkage of MCMB sintered bodies vs.solid loading.Based on the research,the best prescription is gain for gelcasting.Used the MCMB and gelcasting to obtain high performance carbonaceous laminations with high air permeability,high electrically conductive and high strength. electrode supporting body.
Used the air-brush to spray the catalyst ink on the ADMFC tube electrode supporting body and rolled the Nafion115 on the tube electrode,hot-pressed the above Nafion115 together with the tube electrode to make a.A single ADMFC cathode was manufactured by this technique.Finally,a single ADMFC cathode was manufactured, it's power density hyper then 17mW/cm~2.
凝胶注模成型工艺是一种传统的制备陶瓷薄片的方法,和中间相碳微球(Mesocarbon microbead,MCMB)相结合可以制备性能优良的碳复合材料。为了制备稳定均一的MCMB浆料,首先研究了分散剂对MCMB悬浮体Zeta电位的影响,其次研究浆料的流变性,包括不同的固含量、分散剂量对浆料流变性的影响。然后研究了素坯的体积密度和抗弯强度与固相含量间的关系,以及烧结体的体积密度、抗弯强度及线收缩率与固相含量间的关系,以此获得凝胶注模成型工艺配方。同时利用该工艺以MCMB为原料,制得了透气性优良、强度高、导电性能好的高性能的电极支撑体。
在考察了膜电极制备工艺对电池性能影响的基础上,选择涂覆工艺,然后将Nation115膜包裹在管状电极上制备管状阴极,组装了管状直接甲醇燃料电池并进行放电性能测试,其功率密度最高可达到17mW/cm~2。
Direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC)is viewed as a promising power source for various portable devices due to its simplicity in structure,higher energy density of the system.The DMFC stack was designed in plannar structure,which needs the expensive bi-polar to transfer the reactants to every fuel cell and the electrons produced by electrochemical reaction to the load.The peripheral equipments such as the tank,gas cylinders and pumps must be used for storing and transferring the reactants to sustain the DMFC system working normal,since the flow channel of the bi-polar is narrow.The use of bi-polar not only increases the stack's cost,but also involves certain difficulties to the system assembly and maintenance,for example,if one single fuel cell of the stack destroyed,the whole stack had to disassemble and assemble again.An idea of designing Abnormity Direct Methanol Fuel Cell(ADMFC) was proposed to overcome the disadvantages of plannar DMFC.The abnormity design simplify the structure of the battery and the fuel is stored in the battery itself, reduces the size of batteries,the use of air breathing pattern avoid the mechanical energy created by gas consumption..
Gelcasting is a traditional method for the manufacture of ceramic laminations combine with mesocarbon microbead(MCMB) can preparation a excellent performance carbon composite material.For the preparation of a stable and homogeneous slurry of MCMB,first research focuses on how dispersant(Tween 80)affects the electric potential of suspension Zeta.Secondly the rheologic property of slurries consisting of solid loading and different value of dispersant.Then the relations about bulk density and flexural strength of MCMB roughcast vs.solid loading,and bulk densities,flexural strength and linear shrinkage of MCMB sintered bodies vs.solid loading.Based on the research,the best prescription is gain for gelcasting.Used the MCMB and gelcasting to obtain high performance carbonaceous laminations with high air permeability,high electrically conductive and high strength. electrode supporting body.
Used the air-brush to spray the catalyst ink on the ADMFC tube electrode supporting body and rolled the Nafion115 on the tube electrode,hot-pressed the above Nafion115 together with the tube electrode to make a.A single ADMFC cathode was manufactured by this technique.Finally,a single ADMFC cathode was manufactured, it's power density hyper then 17mW/cm~2.
引文
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