雌激素对去势雌性大鼠海马结构内NOS阳性神经元的影响
摘要
本实验采用SABC免疫组织化学染色方法，探讨了对照组、卵巢切除（OVX）组和卵巢切除+雌激素（OVX+E）组三组雌性Wistar大鼠海马结构内NOS阳性神经元数目、形态和分布的变化，并进行了计算机图像分析。结果显示：（1）海马结构各区均有NOS阳性神经元分布，细胞形态主要有锥体形和圆形两种。OVX组的CA1区与对照组相应区域的细胞相比，胞体排列较为紊乱，且突起变短；注射雌激素一个月的大鼠，海马结构CA1区细胞形态与对照组相似，细胞胞体排列整齐，突起较长。（2）OVX组大鼠海马结构CA1、CA3、CA4、下托区（S）和齿状回（DG）的NOS阳性神经元数量减少、面积比显著降低，灰度值明显增高，与对照组比较呈显著性差异；补充雌激素1月后，这三项指标均恢复，与对照组比较无显著性差异。结果提示：雌激素可能通过影响海马结构内NOS阳性神经元的表达来影响海马的功能。
Effects Of Estrogen On NOS Positive-Neurons In Hippocampal Formation Of Female Rat
In the present study ,we adopted the SABC immunohistochemical technique to observe the changes of morphology and distribution of NOS positive-neurons on hippocampus of three groups Wistar female rats (the reference ,ovariectomized and ovariectomized+estrogen group),which were analyzed with computer graphic analysis system. The study results show: (1) there are comprehensive NOS-positive staining cell groups in all regions of hippocampal formation. Pyramidal cell and oval cell are the two main cells in the three groups, but in CA1，cell dendrite is shorter in OVX group than in reference group. The effects can be reversed by estrogen given for 1 month. (2).The distribution of the neuron containing NOS in the hippocampal formation shows an obvious regional difference in the three groups .OVX in rats caused a decline in both number and area density of positive neurons in hippocampus CA1、CA3、CA4、S and dentate gyrus ，while the number and density of positive neurous in CA2 region have no remarkable changes.The effects can be reversed by estrogen given for 1 month. So it suggests that estrogen can stimulate the compose of nitric oxide, and estrogen may influence the learning and memory by affecting the expression of NOS in hippocampus .
Effects Of Estrogen On NOS Positive-Neurons In Hippocampal Formation Of Female Rat
In the present study ,we adopted the SABC immunohistochemical technique to observe the changes of morphology and distribution of NOS positive-neurons on hippocampus of three groups Wistar female rats (the reference ,ovariectomized and ovariectomized+estrogen group),which were analyzed with computer graphic analysis system. The study results show: (1) there are comprehensive NOS-positive staining cell groups in all regions of hippocampal formation. Pyramidal cell and oval cell are the two main cells in the three groups, but in CA1，cell dendrite is shorter in OVX group than in reference group. The effects can be reversed by estrogen given for 1 month. (2).The distribution of the neuron containing NOS in the hippocampal formation shows an obvious regional difference in the three groups .OVX in rats caused a decline in both number and area density of positive neurons in hippocampus CA1、CA3、CA4、S and dentate gyrus ，while the number and density of positive neurous in CA2 region have no remarkable changes.The effects can be reversed by estrogen given for 1 month. So it suggests that estrogen can stimulate the compose of nitric oxide, and estrogen may influence the learning and memory by affecting the expression of NOS in hippocampus .
引文
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[2].Bredt DS,Synder H.Nitric oxide mediates glutmate-linked enhancement of cGMP levels in the cerebellum.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1989,86:9030
[3].Schuman EM.Madison DV, Nitric oxide and synaptic function [J]. Annu Rev Neurosci, 1994,17:153-183
[4].包新民，舒斯云．大鼠脑立体定位图谱． 人民卫生出版社出版，2000
[5].Vicent S. R, Kiutra H. Histochemical mapping of nitric oxide synthase in the rat brain.Neurosciece,1992,46
[6].宿宝贵,许鹿希．大鼠结构内一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元在学习记忆时形态学观察．.暨南大学学报(自然科学与医学版),1997,10
[7].Cork RJ,Perrone ML,Bridge D etal.A web-accessible digial atlas of the distribution of nitic oxide synthase in mouse brain[J]. Prog Brain Res, 1998,118:37-50
[8].Lopez Jaramillo P, teran E. Improvement in functions of the central neroous system by estrogen replacement therapy might be related with an increased nitric oxide production [J]. Ebdothelium ,1999,6(4):263-269
[9].刘凤华,谭会兵,左萍萍．雌激素及其类似物对去卵巢大鼠脑一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元的影响[J]．解剖科学进展,1999,5(4):379-379
[10].Weiland NG,Orikasa Hayashis,etal,Distribution and hormone regulation of estrogen receptor immunoreaction cells in the hippocampus of male and female rat [J] J Comp Nrurol,1997,388(4):603-612
[11]. 朱长庚．神经解剖学．人民卫生出版社出版, 2000.
[12].Woolley CS, Wenzel HJ,Schwartzkroin PA. Estradiol increase in the frequency of multiple synapse boutons in the hippocampal CA1 region of the adult female rat. [J] J comp Neurol, 1996,373: 108-117
[13].Bochme G A, Stutzmann J M. etal. Possibal involvment of nitric oxide
in long term potentom. Eur J pharmacology. 1991,199;379
[14].dell T J Hawking R D. Kandel E R. etal. Tests of two diffusible substances in long-term potentation:evidance for nitric oxide as a possible early retrograde messenge. Prox Acad sci Usa,1991,88:11 285
[15].Blokland A,Local inhibition of hippocampal nitric oxide synthase does not inpair place learning in the dentate ayus of rat hippocampus. J Neuro sci 1995,15:3788
[16].Salemme E Nitric oxide ,a neuronal messenger.Its role in the hippocampus neuronal plasticity. Riv Biol,1996,89:87-107.
[17].Yamada K , Noda Y,Nalayama S,etal . role of nitric oxide in leaning and memory and in monoamine netabolism in the rat brain. Br J Pharmacol, 1995, 115:852-858
[18].Duforuny L, Warembourg M.Esrtogen modulation of neuropeptides: somatostatin, neurotensin and substance P, in the ventrolateral and arcuate nuclei of the femaleguinea pig [J]. Neurosci
[19].Teyler JJ, Vardaris RM, Lewis D, etal. Gonadal steroids: effect on excitatory of hippocampal pyramidal cell[J].science,1980, 209:1017-1019
[20]. Gibbs RB. Fluctuation in relative levels of choline acetyltransferase mRNA in different regions of the rat basal forebrain across the estrous cycle:effects of estrogen and progesterone.J Neurosci, 1996,16:1049-1055
[21].Singh M, Meryer M illard W J.Ovarian steroid deprivation results in a reversible learning impairment and compromised cholinergic function in female SD rats.Brain Res,1994,644:305-312.
[22]. Green PS. Gridley Ke,Simpkin JW. Nuclear estrogen receptor indepent neuroprotection by estratrienes: a novel interaction with glutathione. Neuroscience.1998,84:7-10
[23].Lopez Jaramillo P, Teran E. Improvement in functions of the central nervous system bu estrogen replaement therapy might be related with an increased nitric oxide production [J]. Endothelium, 1999,6(4):263-266
[2].Bredt DS,Synder H.Nitric oxide mediates glutmate-linked enhancement of cGMP levels in the cerebellum.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1989,86:9030
[3].Schuman EM.Madison DV, Nitric oxide and synaptic function [J]. Annu Rev Neurosci, 1994,17:153-183
[4].包新民，舒斯云．大鼠脑立体定位图谱． 人民卫生出版社出版，2000
[5].Vicent S. R, Kiutra H. Histochemical mapping of nitric oxide synthase in the rat brain.Neurosciece,1992,46
[6].宿宝贵,许鹿希．大鼠结构内一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元在学习记忆时形态学观察．.暨南大学学报(自然科学与医学版),1997,10
[7].Cork RJ,Perrone ML,Bridge D etal.A web-accessible digial atlas of the distribution of nitic oxide synthase in mouse brain[J]. Prog Brain Res, 1998,118:37-50
[8].Lopez Jaramillo P, teran E. Improvement in functions of the central neroous system by estrogen replacement therapy might be related with an increased nitric oxide production [J]. Ebdothelium ,1999,6(4):263-269
[9].刘凤华,谭会兵,左萍萍．雌激素及其类似物对去卵巢大鼠脑一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元的影响[J]．解剖科学进展,1999,5(4):379-379
[10].Weiland NG,Orikasa Hayashis,etal,Distribution and hormone regulation of estrogen receptor immunoreaction cells in the hippocampus of male and female rat [J] J Comp Nrurol,1997,388(4):603-612
[11]. 朱长庚．神经解剖学．人民卫生出版社出版, 2000.
[12].Woolley CS, Wenzel HJ,Schwartzkroin PA. Estradiol increase in the frequency of multiple synapse boutons in the hippocampal CA1 region of the adult female rat. [J] J comp Neurol, 1996,373: 108-117
[13].Bochme G A, Stutzmann J M. etal. Possibal involvment of nitric oxide
in long term potentom. Eur J pharmacology. 1991,199;379
[14].dell T J Hawking R D. Kandel E R. etal. Tests of two diffusible substances in long-term potentation:evidance for nitric oxide as a possible early retrograde messenge. Prox Acad sci Usa,1991,88:11 285
[15].Blokland A,Local inhibition of hippocampal nitric oxide synthase does not inpair place learning in the dentate ayus of rat hippocampus. J Neuro sci 1995,15:3788
[16].Salemme E Nitric oxide ,a neuronal messenger.Its role in the hippocampus neuronal plasticity. Riv Biol,1996,89:87-107.
[17].Yamada K , Noda Y,Nalayama S,etal . role of nitric oxide in leaning and memory and in monoamine netabolism in the rat brain. Br J Pharmacol, 1995, 115:852-858
[18].Duforuny L, Warembourg M.Esrtogen modulation of neuropeptides: somatostatin, neurotensin and substance P, in the ventrolateral and arcuate nuclei of the femaleguinea pig [J]. Neurosci
[19].Teyler JJ, Vardaris RM, Lewis D, etal. Gonadal steroids: effect on excitatory of hippocampal pyramidal cell[J].science,1980, 209:1017-1019
[20]. Gibbs RB. Fluctuation in relative levels of choline acetyltransferase mRNA in different regions of the rat basal forebrain across the estrous cycle:effects of estrogen and progesterone.J Neurosci, 1996,16:1049-1055
[21].Singh M, Meryer M illard W J.Ovarian steroid deprivation results in a reversible learning impairment and compromised cholinergic function in female SD rats.Brain Res,1994,644:305-312.
[22]. Green PS. Gridley Ke,Simpkin JW. Nuclear estrogen receptor indepent neuroprotection by estratrienes: a novel interaction with glutathione. Neuroscience.1998,84:7-10
[23].Lopez Jaramillo P, Teran E. Improvement in functions of the central nervous system bu estrogen replaement therapy might be related with an increased nitric oxide production [J]. Endothelium, 1999,6(4):263-266