有机质对淤泥固化的影响机理及对策研究
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摘要
疏浚是航道疏通、港口维护、湖泊治理中常用的工程措施,我国每年都有数亿方以上的疏浚淤泥产生。固化技术是疏浚淤泥资源化利用的一个重要途径,但是在疏浚淤泥当中,有相当一部分淤泥来自污染严重湖泊、河道,这些污染严重的淤泥当中含有一定量的有机质,这些有机质会对固化效果产生较大的影响。研究有机质对淤泥固化效果的影响并针对这种不利影响提出相应的对策是淤泥固化研究中的一个新的课题。
     本文首先通过室内试验研究有机质对淤泥固化效果的影响,建立有机质含量和固化效果之间的定量关系,初步揭示了有机质含量对淤泥固化效果影响的机理,并通过采用复合型固化材料技术进一步解决了有机质含量较高的疏浚淤泥应当如何固化的问题。
     本文的主要工作如下:
     (1)对于有机质含量明显不同的无锡五里湖淤泥与深圳大亚湾淤泥进行了单一水泥的固化试验,对固化效果进行了比较,指出有机质会对淤泥的固化有效有显著的影响。
     (2)定量的研究有机质含量不同的淤泥固化效果,明确了有机质含量与淤泥固化效果之间的关系。
     (3)从土的基本性质改善和有机质影响的基本原理出发,结合试验当中不同有机质含量固化土力学性质的差异对固化机理进行了深入的探讨,建立了力学性质与微观机理之间的联系。
     (4)对不同有机质淤泥,采用水泥—石膏进复合型固化材料进行固化,对固化效果进行了对比研究,对石膏促进固化效果的规律进行了总结,从而提出了大量发生的有机质含量偏高的疏浚淤泥固化问题。
Dredging is a usual method for shipping, port maintenance, and lake pollution control, in such projects many dredged sediments will be produced. Among dredged sediments, quite a portion come from polluted lakes and rivers, because such polluted sediments usually contain some organic matters. Although the content of organic matters are much less than silt, but it seriously affected silt solidification effect, and this is a new subject in silt solidification research.
    In this paper, the influence of organic matter content on silt solidification effect was focused on. Through laboratory experiments, studied the influence causing and degree of organic matter affect silt solidification. Disclosed the relationship of organic matter content and solidification effect, and proposed a method for high organic silt disposing.
    The main works of this paper are as follows:
    (1) Studied two different organic content silt Wuxi Wulihu silt and Shenzhen Dayawan Silt through single material (cement) solidification experiments. Compared the solidification effect of the two silt, through the experiments conferred that organic matter remarkable affect cement solidification effect.
    (2) Quantitively studied the solidification effect of different organic matter content silt, make clear the relationship of organic matter content and solidification effect.
    (3) From soil mechanical properties improving mechanism, combined with the difference of different organic matter content and mechanical properties deeply discussed the mechanism of solidification, built the relationship of macro mechanical properties and micro-mechanism.
    (4) As to different organic silt, make use of cement-gypsum compound material as solidification additives for silt solidification, comparatively studied the solidification effect, summarized the improving rule of gypsum to cement and proposed a method for treating high organic matter content silt.
引文
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