机床钻夹具虚拟装配平台的研究与开发
摘要
本论文着重研究与介绍了虚拟装配的特点及其应用,并对Virtools软件与三维建模软件进行了详细的介绍,通过分析比较三维建模软件与Virtools软件在虚拟装配中的应用,选择恰当的工具与方法对钻夹具进行三维实体建模与虚拟装配制作。在采用虚拟装配技术的基础上,实现对钻夹具虚拟装配的仿真。本论文首先对钻夹具装配体的资料进行整理与分析,再通过三维绘图软件UG对其装配体中的各零部件进行三维实体建模,并通过零部件之间的装配来对其尺寸进行精确处理,将模型导入到3Ds Max中进行材质渲染后,对钻夹具装配体进行装配分析,包括装配顺序分析与装配路径分析,在此基础上,利用3Ds Max软件和Virtools软件的交互性设计各零部件的虚拟装配运动,最后将该文件进行整合与发布,使其成为独立于Virtools软件的.exe格式的演示文档,从而最终实现钻夹具各零部件虚拟装配的动态演示。该课题的创新之处在于将Virtools软件应用于钻夹具虚拟装配平台的制作中,实现了虚拟现实技术的应用。构建该虚拟装配平台不仅可节省开发时间和成本,还可大大减少对资源的利用,使得虚拟现实技术更加实用,并可以形象逼真的方式应用于教学与培训当中。
In this thesis, it focuses on researching and introducing the characteristics of the virtual assembly, the Virtools software and 3d modeling software were introduced in detail. Through the analysis and comparison of 3d modeling software and Virtools software in the application of virtual assembly, appropriate tools and methods were chose for the three-dimensional entity modeling and vi-rtual assembly production to the drill fixture. In the basis of the technology o-f virtual assembly, it implies the virtual assembly simulation to the drilling fi-xture. This paper firstly takes data collection and analysis to the drill fixture, and models 3d entity for the various spare parts of the entire assemblage by 3d drawing software UG, through the assembly of the parts to make the size precise, after conversion of the model and rendering in 3Ds Max, it takes assembly analysis to the assembly body of the drill fixture, including assembly s-equence analysis and assembly path analysis. On the basis, it makes use of 3-d graphics software to model for each element of the drilling fixture, and then designs the dynamic assembly of each element using the interactive technolo-gy of 3Ds Max and Virtools,in the end, makes this document integrate and re-leased and makes it independent of Virtools software and .exe format demo d-ocument. And eventually achieving the virtual assembly dynamic demonstratio-n of the drilling fixture components. This topic’s innovation lies in making Vi-rtools software to use in the virtual assembly platform of the drill machine fi-xture’s production, and realization of virtual reality technology application. Th-is platform can not only save development time and cost, still can greatly red-uce the use of resources which makes virtual reality technology more practica-l, and can be applied to teaching and training in the way of image life like.
In this thesis, it focuses on researching and introducing the characteristics of the virtual assembly, the Virtools software and 3d modeling software were introduced in detail. Through the analysis and comparison of 3d modeling software and Virtools software in the application of virtual assembly, appropriate tools and methods were chose for the three-dimensional entity modeling and vi-rtual assembly production to the drill fixture. In the basis of the technology o-f virtual assembly, it implies the virtual assembly simulation to the drilling fi-xture. This paper firstly takes data collection and analysis to the drill fixture, and models 3d entity for the various spare parts of the entire assemblage by 3d drawing software UG, through the assembly of the parts to make the size precise, after conversion of the model and rendering in 3Ds Max, it takes assembly analysis to the assembly body of the drill fixture, including assembly s-equence analysis and assembly path analysis. On the basis, it makes use of 3-d graphics software to model for each element of the drilling fixture, and then designs the dynamic assembly of each element using the interactive technolo-gy of 3Ds Max and Virtools,in the end, makes this document integrate and re-leased and makes it independent of Virtools software and .exe format demo d-ocument. And eventually achieving the virtual assembly dynamic demonstratio-n of the drilling fixture components. This topic’s innovation lies in making Vi-rtools software to use in the virtual assembly platform of the drill machine fi-xture’s production, and realization of virtual reality technology application. Th-is platform can not only save development time and cost, still can greatly red-uce the use of resources which makes virtual reality technology more practica-l, and can be applied to teaching and training in the way of image life like.
引文
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[4]王启平.机床夹具设计[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1988
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[14] Haruhiko Asada,Andrew B.By.Kinematic Analysis of Workpart Fixturing f-or Flexible Assembly with Automatically Reconfigurable Fixtures[J].IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation,1985 RA-1(2):86-93
[15] http://baike.baidu.com/view/13696.htm?fr=ala0,UG简介
[16]孙倩.基于3DS MAX的三维建模及其在Virtools环境中的应用[J].中国科技信息,2008,12:94-95
[17]陈定方,罗亚波.虚拟设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[18]李锦涛.虚拟环境技术及其应用[M].北京:中国铁道出版社出版,1998
[19]胡小强.虚拟现实技术基础与应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社.2009
[20] Quantum3D,Inc.OpenGVS Programming Guide.Version 4.4[M].California:Q-uantum3D,Inc., 2001.18-20
[21] Jansen-osmann,Petra.Usingdesktop virtual environments to investigate the r-ole of landmarks[J].Computers in Human Behavior(SO747-5632),2002,18(4):427-36
[22] EbertD,Carlson W,Parent R.Solid spaces and inverse partlcle systems forcontrolling the animation of gases and fluids.The Visual Computers,l994,10(4):179-190
[23]张尚娇,吴咏.虚拟现实技术与虚拟制造系统简述[J].上海汽车,1999(4):16-18
[24] J.Cecil.Computer-Aided Fixture Design-A Review and Future Trends[J].TheInternational Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2001,18:790-793
[25] ReevesWT.Particle system-a technique for modeling a class of fuzzy objeet-s.ACM Trans.on GraPhics,1983,2(2)
[26]刘明昆.三维游戏设计师宝典-Virtools技术实战篇[M].汕头:汕头大学出版社,2006
[27]孙倩.基于3DS MAX的三维建模及其在Virtools环境中的应用[J].中国科技信息:2008,12:94-95
[28]郑太雄,何玉林.基于虚拟装配特征的虚拟装配研究[J].机械科学技术:2004,23(7):872-875
[29]张学鹏,陈国华,张爱军.基于3D的虚拟运动仿真及Virtools功能实现[J].北京化工大学学报.2009,36(4):93-95
[30] Baldwin D F,et al.An Integrated Computer Aid for Generating and Evalua-ting Assembly sequences for Mechanical Products[J].IEEE Transactions onRobotics and Automation,1991,7(1):78-89
[31] GardnerG.Forest fire simulation.Computer GraPhics,1990,24(3)
[32] Klas Erik Engstrand. Improvements to the weak post W-beamGuardrail[D].80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board Washington,D.C.January 2001
[33] MalcolmHRay,Chuck APlaxico and Klas Engstrand.Performance of Wbea-m splices[C].80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board W-ashington,D.C.January 2001
[34] Als Tabiei.Validated crash simulation of the most common guardrail system in t-he USA[C].International LS-DYNA Conference Crash worthiness,2000,(6):3-13
[35] Jayaram S,ConnacherH,LyonsK.Virtual assembly using virtual-reality tec-hniques[J].Computer Aided Design,1997,8
[36]戎蔚.3DS MAX三维设计师案例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[37]秦文虎,狄岚,姚晓峰,陈伟琦.虚拟现实基础及可视化设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009
[38]李欣.虚拟现实及其教育应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2008
[39]敬兴久,钟家骐,李川.基于件约束的装配规划技术研究[J].基于件约束的装配规划技术研究,2005,(6):122-123
[40] J.A.Camelio,S.J.Hu,H.Yim.Sensor placement for effective diagnosis of mu-ltiple faults in fixturing of compliant parts[J].Journal of Manufacturing Sci-ence and Engineering,2005,127:68-74
[2]李欣.虚拟现实及其教育应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2008
[3]赵晓亮,李欣.基于VIRTOOLS的虚拟太阳系的设计[J].中小学电教,2009,4:32-34
[4]王启平.机床夹具设计[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1988
[5]申蔚,夏立文.虚拟现实技术[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2002
[6]陈定方,罗亚波等.虚拟设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[7] Wiens GJ.Anoverview of virtual manufacturing[A].Virtual Manufacturing-Proceeding o-f 2nd Agile Manufacturing conference(AMC’95)[C].Albuquerque,New Mexico,USA,ERI Press,1995:233-243
[8] Edward Lin,loannis Minis,Dana S and Regliw W.C.Contribution to Virtu-al Manufacturing Background Research[R].Technical Report. The Universit-y of Maryland.1995
[9] Fournier,Reeves W T.A simple model of ocean waves. Computer Graphics,1986,20(4)
[10] http://2082wl.blog.163.com/blog/static/921621212008819102626898/,虚拟现实技术研究现状及未来发展
[11] Peackey D R.Modeling waves and surf.Computer GraPhics,1986,20(4)
[12]李昌国,朱福全,谭良,杨青.基于3D和Virtools技术的虚拟实验开发方法研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2006,31:84-96
[13] Y.Rong,X.Han.Computer-Aided Reconfigurable Fixture Design[J].CIRP 2nd International Conference on Reconfigurable Manufacturing,2003,August:20-22
[14] Haruhiko Asada,Andrew B.By.Kinematic Analysis of Workpart Fixturing f-or Flexible Assembly with Automatically Reconfigurable Fixtures[J].IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation,1985 RA-1(2):86-93
[15] http://baike.baidu.com/view/13696.htm?fr=ala0,UG简介
[16]孙倩.基于3DS MAX的三维建模及其在Virtools环境中的应用[J].中国科技信息,2008,12:94-95
[17]陈定方,罗亚波.虚拟设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[18]李锦涛.虚拟环境技术及其应用[M].北京:中国铁道出版社出版,1998
[19]胡小强.虚拟现实技术基础与应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社.2009
[20] Quantum3D,Inc.OpenGVS Programming Guide.Version 4.4[M].California:Q-uantum3D,Inc., 2001.18-20
[21] Jansen-osmann,Petra.Usingdesktop virtual environments to investigate the r-ole of landmarks[J].Computers in Human Behavior(SO747-5632),2002,18(4):427-36
[22] EbertD,Carlson W,Parent R.Solid spaces and inverse partlcle systems forcontrolling the animation of gases and fluids.The Visual Computers,l994,10(4):179-190
[23]张尚娇,吴咏.虚拟现实技术与虚拟制造系统简述[J].上海汽车,1999(4):16-18
[24] J.Cecil.Computer-Aided Fixture Design-A Review and Future Trends[J].TheInternational Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2001,18:790-793
[25] ReevesWT.Particle system-a technique for modeling a class of fuzzy objeet-s.ACM Trans.on GraPhics,1983,2(2)
[26]刘明昆.三维游戏设计师宝典-Virtools技术实战篇[M].汕头:汕头大学出版社,2006
[27]孙倩.基于3DS MAX的三维建模及其在Virtools环境中的应用[J].中国科技信息:2008,12:94-95
[28]郑太雄,何玉林.基于虚拟装配特征的虚拟装配研究[J].机械科学技术:2004,23(7):872-875
[29]张学鹏,陈国华,张爱军.基于3D的虚拟运动仿真及Virtools功能实现[J].北京化工大学学报.2009,36(4):93-95
[30] Baldwin D F,et al.An Integrated Computer Aid for Generating and Evalua-ting Assembly sequences for Mechanical Products[J].IEEE Transactions onRobotics and Automation,1991,7(1):78-89
[31] GardnerG.Forest fire simulation.Computer GraPhics,1990,24(3)
[32] Klas Erik Engstrand. Improvements to the weak post W-beamGuardrail[D].80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board Washington,D.C.January 2001
[33] MalcolmHRay,Chuck APlaxico and Klas Engstrand.Performance of Wbea-m splices[C].80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board W-ashington,D.C.January 2001
[34] Als Tabiei.Validated crash simulation of the most common guardrail system in t-he USA[C].International LS-DYNA Conference Crash worthiness,2000,(6):3-13
[35] Jayaram S,ConnacherH,LyonsK.Virtual assembly using virtual-reality tec-hniques[J].Computer Aided Design,1997,8
[36]戎蔚.3DS MAX三维设计师案例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[37]秦文虎,狄岚,姚晓峰,陈伟琦.虚拟现实基础及可视化设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009
[38]李欣.虚拟现实及其教育应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2008
[39]敬兴久,钟家骐,李川.基于件约束的装配规划技术研究[J].基于件约束的装配规划技术研究,2005,(6):122-123
[40] J.A.Camelio,S.J.Hu,H.Yim.Sensor placement for effective diagnosis of mu-ltiple faults in fixturing of compliant parts[J].Journal of Manufacturing Sci-ence and Engineering,2005,127:68-74