应用B超监测雷琼黄牛卵泡发育的动态变化的研究
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摘要
为了建立中国海南雷琼黄牛卵巢正常结构的超声影像图，掌握雷琼黄牛的卵巢周期变化规律，本研究主要以B超诊断技术为监测手段，分别监测在自然发情状态下以及经同期发情处理的雷琼黄牛的卵泡发育情况和排卵情况，还对卵巢囊肿疾病进行诊断和跟踪监测治疗。
试验一B超监测雷琼黄牛情期卵巢活动的研究
对自然发情状态下以及经同期发情处理的雷琼黄牛进行B超试验观察。
结果显示：(1)雷琼黄牛在自然发情状态下的由2个卵泡波组成一个发情周期，其发情周期平均为20.17±0.31d，与同期发情组Ⅰ(17±0.62d)、同期发情组Ⅱ(17.33±0.8d)存在显著性差异(P＜0.05)。(2)自然发情组的排卵卵泡直径大小(11.58±0.3mm)与同期发情组Ⅰ(11.5±0.41mm)、组Ⅱ(11.17±0.21mm)差异不显著(P＞0.05)。(3)雷琼黄牛的排卵时间在发情征状出现后36h内的机率较大，自然发情组、同期发情组Ⅰ及组Ⅱ在发情后36h内排卵率分别为66.7％、42.9％、33.3％；右侧卵巢的排卵机率较大，它们分别为66.7％、42.9％、50.7％。
试验二B超在雷琼黄牛卵巢囊肿的诊断与治疗的应用研究
应用实时兽用B超对经直肠检查初诊为卵巢囊肿的雷琼黄牛进行跟踪诊断和监测治疗过程的研究。通过临床资料、B超监测卵巢囊肿的卵泡直径变化和声像图来鉴别诊断卵泡囊肿和黄体囊肿。对已确诊的病例采取相应的治疗方案，用B超跟踪监测病情是否转归。
以上结果表明：(1)B超诊断技术是监测雷琼黄牛发情周期卵泡发育的非常有效的手段，具有快捷、简便、准确率高、直观性强等优点，有效地解释外源性激素的调控机理。(2)雷琼黄牛在一个自然发情周期由2个卵泡波组成。(3)在本研究实施的两种同期发情处理法在排卵卵泡的直径大小上与在自然发情组的卵泡发育不存在显著性差异，能缩短雷琼黄牛自然发情的周期，因此，在海南养牛业具有推广价值。(4)利用B超诊断技术能够及时地对家畜繁殖疾病作出确诊和跟踪监测病情是否转归，为临床兽医提供可靠、准确的治疗依据，在生产上具有很高的应用价值。(5)本研究目前尚处于摸索阶段，具体雷琼黄牛的卵泡发育动态模式如何和有关同期发情的受胎情况尚需作更进一步的研究，从而更全面地阐明海南雷琼黄牛的卵泡发育变化规律，为海南肉牛产业化发展提供实用的依据。
The objective of this study was to establish the ultrasonogram of Lei QiongCattles' ovary normal structure and acquire the rules of cyclic ovary changes inChinese Hainan. The studys were Conducted to investigate the follicular dynamicsdevelopment during the spontaneous and synchronized (GroupⅠ:PG2a+PG2a;GroupⅡ: CIDR+PG2a) estrous cycle, The diagnosis and treatment of ovariancysts in Lei Qiong Cattles were observed by using real-time B-mode UltrasoundScanner.
In the 1st experiment The cattle were conducted to investigate the folliculardynamics development during the spontaneous and synchronized estrous cycle byusing real-time B-mode Ultrasound Scanner. results showed that: (1) 2 follicularwaves were discovered in one estrous cycle in Lei Qiong Cattles in Hainan. Therewere significant differences(P＜0.05) in the estrous cycle between thespontaneous (20.17±0.31d) and groupⅠ(17±0.62d) andⅡ(17.33±0.8d),respectively. (2) There were no significant differences (P＞0.05) in the diametersof the ovulatory follicle between the spontaneous and synchronized cattle, and thediameters were 11.58±0.3 mm, 11.5±0.41 mm and 11.17±0.21 mm in spontaneousgroup, groupⅠandⅡ, respectively. (3) The probability of ovulatory time 36hafter estrus was larger than other time in Lei Qiong Cattles, and their were66.7％、42.9％、33.3％in spontaneous group, groupⅠandⅡrespectively.Theprobability of ovulation appearing on right ovary was larger than left, their were66.7％、42.9％、50.7％in them, respectively.
In the 2nd experiment research achievements of the diagnosis and treatmentof ovarian cysts in bovine were reviewed. Cystic graafian follicles and lutealovarian could be differentiated by clinical record, the diameters of ovarian cysts and ultrasonogram. Cystic cattles were treated by hormones therapeutics duringthe course of the experiment. The effect of treatment and cure is reasonable fromthe ultrasonogram, follicular diameter and luteal profile by the real-time B-modeUltrasound Scanner The growth of cystic follicular was monitored by B-modelultrasound scanning. The ultrasonography was a quick and simple method of highaccuracy and objectivity. The abnormal tissue could be described by the real-timeultrasonogram. It has been considered an advanced and effective technology forveterinary clinical diagnosis up to the present.
In conclusion, (1) B-mode ultrasonography was an effective technology inmonitoring the follicular dynamic development during the estrous cycle in LeiQiong cattle. (2) 2 follicular waves were discovered in one estrous cycle in LeiQiong Cattles. (3) There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the ovulatorythings (diameter) between the spontaneous and two synchronized groups in thisstudy. Two synchronized ways can shorten estrous cycle of the spontaneous cattleand be worthy spreading in Hainan. (4) B-mode ultrasonography can timely makea diagnosis and monitor if the disease was turnover for livestock breeding disease.Providing reliable and precise data for clinical veterinary, it had very high valuein livestock breeding (5) At present this study is groping, how about folliculardynamic development and conceiving information during the spontaneous andsynchronized estrous cycle in Lei Qiong cattle, which will need to be confirmedfurther. Thus it can completely clarity follicular developmental rule in cattle,Providing pragmatic data for Beef industrial development in Hainan.
试验一B超监测雷琼黄牛情期卵巢活动的研究
对自然发情状态下以及经同期发情处理的雷琼黄牛进行B超试验观察。
结果显示：(1)雷琼黄牛在自然发情状态下的由2个卵泡波组成一个发情周期，其发情周期平均为20.17±0.31d，与同期发情组Ⅰ(17±0.62d)、同期发情组Ⅱ(17.33±0.8d)存在显著性差异(P＜0.05)。(2)自然发情组的排卵卵泡直径大小(11.58±0.3mm)与同期发情组Ⅰ(11.5±0.41mm)、组Ⅱ(11.17±0.21mm)差异不显著(P＞0.05)。(3)雷琼黄牛的排卵时间在发情征状出现后36h内的机率较大，自然发情组、同期发情组Ⅰ及组Ⅱ在发情后36h内排卵率分别为66.7％、42.9％、33.3％；右侧卵巢的排卵机率较大，它们分别为66.7％、42.9％、50.7％。
试验二B超在雷琼黄牛卵巢囊肿的诊断与治疗的应用研究
应用实时兽用B超对经直肠检查初诊为卵巢囊肿的雷琼黄牛进行跟踪诊断和监测治疗过程的研究。通过临床资料、B超监测卵巢囊肿的卵泡直径变化和声像图来鉴别诊断卵泡囊肿和黄体囊肿。对已确诊的病例采取相应的治疗方案，用B超跟踪监测病情是否转归。
以上结果表明：(1)B超诊断技术是监测雷琼黄牛发情周期卵泡发育的非常有效的手段，具有快捷、简便、准确率高、直观性强等优点，有效地解释外源性激素的调控机理。(2)雷琼黄牛在一个自然发情周期由2个卵泡波组成。(3)在本研究实施的两种同期发情处理法在排卵卵泡的直径大小上与在自然发情组的卵泡发育不存在显著性差异，能缩短雷琼黄牛自然发情的周期，因此，在海南养牛业具有推广价值。(4)利用B超诊断技术能够及时地对家畜繁殖疾病作出确诊和跟踪监测病情是否转归，为临床兽医提供可靠、准确的治疗依据，在生产上具有很高的应用价值。(5)本研究目前尚处于摸索阶段，具体雷琼黄牛的卵泡发育动态模式如何和有关同期发情的受胎情况尚需作更进一步的研究，从而更全面地阐明海南雷琼黄牛的卵泡发育变化规律，为海南肉牛产业化发展提供实用的依据。
The objective of this study was to establish the ultrasonogram of Lei QiongCattles' ovary normal structure and acquire the rules of cyclic ovary changes inChinese Hainan. The studys were Conducted to investigate the follicular dynamicsdevelopment during the spontaneous and synchronized (GroupⅠ:PG2a+PG2a;GroupⅡ: CIDR+PG2a) estrous cycle, The diagnosis and treatment of ovariancysts in Lei Qiong Cattles were observed by using real-time B-mode UltrasoundScanner.
In the 1st experiment The cattle were conducted to investigate the folliculardynamics development during the spontaneous and synchronized estrous cycle byusing real-time B-mode Ultrasound Scanner. results showed that: (1) 2 follicularwaves were discovered in one estrous cycle in Lei Qiong Cattles in Hainan. Therewere significant differences(P＜0.05) in the estrous cycle between thespontaneous (20.17±0.31d) and groupⅠ(17±0.62d) andⅡ(17.33±0.8d),respectively. (2) There were no significant differences (P＞0.05) in the diametersof the ovulatory follicle between the spontaneous and synchronized cattle, and thediameters were 11.58±0.3 mm, 11.5±0.41 mm and 11.17±0.21 mm in spontaneousgroup, groupⅠandⅡ, respectively. (3) The probability of ovulatory time 36hafter estrus was larger than other time in Lei Qiong Cattles, and their were66.7％、42.9％、33.3％in spontaneous group, groupⅠandⅡrespectively.Theprobability of ovulation appearing on right ovary was larger than left, their were66.7％、42.9％、50.7％in them, respectively.
In the 2nd experiment research achievements of the diagnosis and treatmentof ovarian cysts in bovine were reviewed. Cystic graafian follicles and lutealovarian could be differentiated by clinical record, the diameters of ovarian cysts and ultrasonogram. Cystic cattles were treated by hormones therapeutics duringthe course of the experiment. The effect of treatment and cure is reasonable fromthe ultrasonogram, follicular diameter and luteal profile by the real-time B-modeUltrasound Scanner The growth of cystic follicular was monitored by B-modelultrasound scanning. The ultrasonography was a quick and simple method of highaccuracy and objectivity. The abnormal tissue could be described by the real-timeultrasonogram. It has been considered an advanced and effective technology forveterinary clinical diagnosis up to the present.
In conclusion, (1) B-mode ultrasonography was an effective technology inmonitoring the follicular dynamic development during the estrous cycle in LeiQiong cattle. (2) 2 follicular waves were discovered in one estrous cycle in LeiQiong Cattles. (3) There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the ovulatorythings (diameter) between the spontaneous and two synchronized groups in thisstudy. Two synchronized ways can shorten estrous cycle of the spontaneous cattleand be worthy spreading in Hainan. (4) B-mode ultrasonography can timely makea diagnosis and monitor if the disease was turnover for livestock breeding disease.Providing reliable and precise data for clinical veterinary, it had very high valuein livestock breeding (5) At present this study is groping, how about folliculardynamic development and conceiving information during the spontaneous andsynchronized estrous cycle in Lei Qiong cattle, which will need to be confirmedfurther. Thus it can completely clarity follicular developmental rule in cattle,Providing pragmatic data for Beef industrial development in Hainan.
引文
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