基于RIM标准术语接口的医疗信息检索
摘要
随着我国数字化医院建设的快速推进,在各个医疗机构的数据库中积累了大量的临床医疗数据。然而,离开工程技术人员的帮助,临床医生、科研人员以及管理人员几乎不可能对这些数据进行自由检索,从而对数据进行更高层次的分析利用。虽然工程技术人员已经开发一些检索分析工具,但这些工具仅能支持已知的检索需求且功能通常存在局限性。因此,研究一种临床医生、科研人员以及管理人员可自由检索的医疗信息检索方法具有十分重要的应用价值.同时,由于不存在标准的临床医疗数据库设计方案,目前不同医疗机构的数据库结构千差万别,这就要求上述医疗检索方法能够适应这种异构的数据库环境。因此,本论文以基于RIM标准术语模型的检索接口、基于XML技术的医疗术语映射系统为主要研究内容,尝试建立一种基于RIM标准术语接口的医疗信息检索平台,以支持临床医生、科研人员以及管理人员对临床医疗数据进行深入的分析和利用,具体来说:
(1)在详细分析HL7 V3中RIM标准术语模型的基础上,利用UMLS(统一医学语言系统)对RIM术语内容进行扩展,研究一种基于RIM标准术语模型的检索接口。
(2)利用XML技术和Python脚本技术,研究并设计了一种支持多样化运算关系的医疗术语映射系统(Medical Term Mapping),从而建立起了RIM标准术语接口与异构数据库之间的映射机制。
(3)通过深入分析医疗检索需求,并以上述标准术语接口和医疗数据映射系统为基础,设计一种以标准术语为接口构造检索语句的医疗信息检索方法,该方法返回与检索条件相符合的病人及其诊断索引信息。
在上述研究成果的基础上,本论文以一个临床医疗数据库为实例,在建立医疗术语映射关系的基础上,实现了一个基于RIM标准术语接口的医疗信息检索系统。实验结果表明,本论文给出的基于RIM标准术语接口的医疗信息检索方法为临床医生、科研人员以及管理人员自由组织检索语句提供了一种途径,并为最终实现医疗信息的自由检索提供了思路。
As the rapid development of Digital Hospital in China, each of the medical institutions accumulated a lot of clinical data in database. However, clinicians, researchers and managers are almost impossible to retrieve the data freely without the help of engineers, which supports higher level of data analysis. Although the engineers have already developed a number of retrieval and analytical tools, the tools could only support the retrieval requirement known and their functional limitations are difficult to avoid. Therefore, it is greatly valuable to research a medical information retrieval method, by which clinicians, researchers and managers are free to retrieve. In addition, as no standard design schema of clinical database, the structures of different medical institutions' database are different. So, the medical information retrieval method should adapt to such a heterogeneous database environment.
As a result, the thesis studies on the retrieval interface based on RIM standard terminology model, and medical term-mapping system based on XML technology. We try to build a medical information retrieval platform based on RIM standard terminology interface, which supports clinical data mining and analysis by clinicians, researchers and managers. Specifically speaking:
1. Construct retrieval interface based on RIM standard terminology, on the basis of analysis RIM standard terminology model of HL7 Version 3 in detail, and expanding the content of RIM terminology by UMLS.
2. Design medical term-mapping system by XML technology and Python script, which supports diversification operation, and establish a mapping mechanism between RIM standard terminology interface and heterogeneous database.
3. Analyze medical retrieval requirement deeply, and design a medical retrieval method to construct retrieval condition using standard terminology, based on standard terminology interface and medical term-mapping system. The method returns patient and diagnosis index information which consistent with the retrieval condition.
Based on the research result above, this thesis shows an example to achieve a medical information retrieval system based on RIM terminology in a clinical database, with medical term-mapping system built. Experiment results show that the medical information retrieval method given by the thesis, which based on interface of RIM standard terminology, solves the problem preferably, and it provides a way to solve the problem completely.
(1)在详细分析HL7 V3中RIM标准术语模型的基础上,利用UMLS(统一医学语言系统)对RIM术语内容进行扩展,研究一种基于RIM标准术语模型的检索接口。
(2)利用XML技术和Python脚本技术,研究并设计了一种支持多样化运算关系的医疗术语映射系统(Medical Term Mapping),从而建立起了RIM标准术语接口与异构数据库之间的映射机制。
(3)通过深入分析医疗检索需求,并以上述标准术语接口和医疗数据映射系统为基础,设计一种以标准术语为接口构造检索语句的医疗信息检索方法,该方法返回与检索条件相符合的病人及其诊断索引信息。
在上述研究成果的基础上,本论文以一个临床医疗数据库为实例,在建立医疗术语映射关系的基础上,实现了一个基于RIM标准术语接口的医疗信息检索系统。实验结果表明,本论文给出的基于RIM标准术语接口的医疗信息检索方法为临床医生、科研人员以及管理人员自由组织检索语句提供了一种途径,并为最终实现医疗信息的自由检索提供了思路。
As the rapid development of Digital Hospital in China, each of the medical institutions accumulated a lot of clinical data in database. However, clinicians, researchers and managers are almost impossible to retrieve the data freely without the help of engineers, which supports higher level of data analysis. Although the engineers have already developed a number of retrieval and analytical tools, the tools could only support the retrieval requirement known and their functional limitations are difficult to avoid. Therefore, it is greatly valuable to research a medical information retrieval method, by which clinicians, researchers and managers are free to retrieve. In addition, as no standard design schema of clinical database, the structures of different medical institutions' database are different. So, the medical information retrieval method should adapt to such a heterogeneous database environment.
As a result, the thesis studies on the retrieval interface based on RIM standard terminology model, and medical term-mapping system based on XML technology. We try to build a medical information retrieval platform based on RIM standard terminology interface, which supports clinical data mining and analysis by clinicians, researchers and managers. Specifically speaking:
1. Construct retrieval interface based on RIM standard terminology, on the basis of analysis RIM standard terminology model of HL7 Version 3 in detail, and expanding the content of RIM terminology by UMLS.
2. Design medical term-mapping system by XML technology and Python script, which supports diversification operation, and establish a mapping mechanism between RIM standard terminology interface and heterogeneous database.
3. Analyze medical retrieval requirement deeply, and design a medical retrieval method to construct retrieval condition using standard terminology, based on standard terminology interface and medical term-mapping system. The method returns patient and diagnosis index information which consistent with the retrieval condition.
Based on the research result above, this thesis shows an example to achieve a medical information retrieval system based on RIM terminology in a clinical database, with medical term-mapping system built. Experiment results show that the medical information retrieval method given by the thesis, which based on interface of RIM standard terminology, solves the problem preferably, and it provides a way to solve the problem completely.
引文
[1]崔力新,陈少云,数字化医院建设的探讨,中山大学学报论丛,2007,27(9):54-56.
[2]余辉,张力新等,医学数据挖掘系统研究--糖尿病并发症流行病学知识发现,计算机工程与应用,2006,18:229-232。
[3]韩侠,小议信患检索,职业圈,2007,18:180-182。
[4]岳琳哲,施诚,病历、电子病历与中医电子病历,医学信息,2006,19(7):1121-1124。
[5]段会龙,吕旭东,医疗信息系统发展现状及趋势,中国医疗器械信息,2004,10(2):1-6。
[6]王琳,吴亚杰,医院信息化的发展之路,医学信息,2007,20(7):1136-1138。
[7]李包罗,迟宝兰,医学信息标准化的理论与实践,中国信患导报,1999,9。
[8]International Classification of Disease,s,Ninth Revision,Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM),http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/otheract/icd9/abticd9.htm
[9]International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision(ICD-10),http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/dvs/icd10des.htm
[10]SNOMED Clinical Terms(SNOMED CT)Core Content,http://www.cap.org/apps/docs/snomed/documents/july-2OO7_release.pdf
[11]李包罗,马琏,梁铭会,中国医院信息基本数据集标准,中国医院,2005,9(7):12-14。
[12]HL7 Reference Information Model,http://www.h17.org/Library/data-model/RIM/modelpage_mem.htm
[13]Unified Medical Language System,http://umlsinfo.nlm.nih.gov.
[14]张爱连,刘春艳,李丹亚,一体化医学语言系统研究进展,医学情报工作,2005,2:81-84。
[15]邱君瑞,论UMLS超级叙词表的概念表达,医学信息,2002,15(5):301-302。
[16]胡兆芹,张士靖,概念检索在检索网络信息中的应用,中华医学图书情报杂志,2005,14(2):13-15。
[17]兰圣伟,李立宏,HL7 V3开发体系和我国医疗信息标准化建设,中国医院管理,26(4):40-42.
[18]http://www.w3.org/XML
[19]http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-XML-20001006
[20]贾沛沛,面向服务架构的医疗信息系统集成,浙江大学硕士论文,2006。
[21]simon L,《XML基础教程》,电子工业出版社,2000。
[22](美)Aaron Skonnard,(美)Martin Gudgin著;牛韬,英宇译;XML精要快速参考手册;北京:人民邮电出版社,2002
[23]Python 中文社区,http://python.on/
[24]The Zen of Python,http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/
[25]Python,http://baike.baidu.com/view/21057.htm
[26]The Unified Code for Units of Measure,http://aurora.regenstrief.org/ucum
[27]萨师煊,王珊,《数据库系统概论(第三版)》,高等教育出版社,2000。
[28]SQLSEVER2000 中数据类型,http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/6779232.html
[29]http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/
[2]余辉,张力新等,医学数据挖掘系统研究--糖尿病并发症流行病学知识发现,计算机工程与应用,2006,18:229-232。
[3]韩侠,小议信患检索,职业圈,2007,18:180-182。
[4]岳琳哲,施诚,病历、电子病历与中医电子病历,医学信息,2006,19(7):1121-1124。
[5]段会龙,吕旭东,医疗信息系统发展现状及趋势,中国医疗器械信息,2004,10(2):1-6。
[6]王琳,吴亚杰,医院信息化的发展之路,医学信息,2007,20(7):1136-1138。
[7]李包罗,迟宝兰,医学信息标准化的理论与实践,中国信患导报,1999,9。
[8]International Classification of Disease,s,Ninth Revision,Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM),http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/otheract/icd9/abticd9.htm
[9]International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision(ICD-10),http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/dvs/icd10des.htm
[10]SNOMED Clinical Terms(SNOMED CT)Core Content,http://www.cap.org/apps/docs/snomed/documents/july-2OO7_release.pdf
[11]李包罗,马琏,梁铭会,中国医院信息基本数据集标准,中国医院,2005,9(7):12-14。
[12]HL7 Reference Information Model,http://www.h17.org/Library/data-model/RIM/modelpage_mem.htm
[13]Unified Medical Language System,http://umlsinfo.nlm.nih.gov.
[14]张爱连,刘春艳,李丹亚,一体化医学语言系统研究进展,医学情报工作,2005,2:81-84。
[15]邱君瑞,论UMLS超级叙词表的概念表达,医学信息,2002,15(5):301-302。
[16]胡兆芹,张士靖,概念检索在检索网络信息中的应用,中华医学图书情报杂志,2005,14(2):13-15。
[17]兰圣伟,李立宏,HL7 V3开发体系和我国医疗信息标准化建设,中国医院管理,26(4):40-42.
[18]http://www.w3.org/XML
[19]http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-XML-20001006
[20]贾沛沛,面向服务架构的医疗信息系统集成,浙江大学硕士论文,2006。
[21]simon L,《XML基础教程》,电子工业出版社,2000。
[22](美)Aaron Skonnard,(美)Martin Gudgin著;牛韬,英宇译;XML精要快速参考手册;北京:人民邮电出版社,2002
[23]Python 中文社区,http://python.on/
[24]The Zen of Python,http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/
[25]Python,http://baike.baidu.com/view/21057.htm
[26]The Unified Code for Units of Measure,http://aurora.regenstrief.org/ucum
[27]萨师煊,王珊,《数据库系统概论(第三版)》,高等教育出版社,2000。
[28]SQLSEVER2000 中数据类型,http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/6779232.html
[29]http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/