大棚番茄越夏长季节高产栽培基质的筛选与水肥量化的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
针对造成我国可控环境条件下蔬菜产量水平低、质量差、效益低、产品药残高和难以全季节生产的关键问题,本研究以番茄为代表蔬菜,从有机土壤基质配比的筛选、基质栽培条件下番茄对主要元素的吸收规律及长季节栽培水肥量化等环节进行研究,以期为基质和专用固态肥工厂化生产提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:
     1、以玉米秸、麦秸、菇渣、锯末等农产废弃物为有机栽培的基质材料,通过与土壤有机肥混合,在物理结构上可以替代草炭、蛭石。由它们按适当比例配制的有机基质栽培均有促进番茄生长,改善植株源库关系,提高产量和改善产品品质的效应,而品质的改善主要表现为番茄的可溶性固形物和番茄红素含量明显提高。大粪干+锯沫(1:3)、大粪干+玉米秸+菇渣(1:2:1)、大粪干+草碳+蛭石(1:1.5:1.5)、大粪干+玉米秸+锯沫(1:2:1)四种配比番茄长势最好、产量、品质最佳;同时四个处理对N、K吸收量大,利用率高。
     2、对14种基质配方理化性质的分析表明:当麦秸、玉米秸体积超过总基质体积75%时,因基质蓬松孔隙度比例失调而影响植株的生长,而大粪干超过基质体积的35%时,因离子浓度过大会抑制植株生长造成产量降低。番茄的产量与养分的利用率及果实养分吸收量呈正相关,而与养分总量关系不明显。有机基质栽培条件下,每100kg果实产量的植株养分吸收量范围:N:3.70~10.46g,P_2O_5:0.93~2.30g,K_2O:4.33~12.00g。
     3、对长季节番茄栽培进行水肥量化处理。结果表明:灌水量是影响产量的主导因素,高水量处理表现高产的主要原因是因为单果重和单穗果数均明显高出中水量处理。较高的灌水量可获得较大的产量和生物量,但水分生产效率和水分干物质生产率低于中水量处理。相同追肥情况下,灌水量的增加对叶片叶绿素含量和果实品质有稀释效应。从产量、水分利用率和生产成本等方面综合考虑,节水、高产、高效的水肥管理应为:土壤相对含水量为35%左右、肥料组合为尿素+硫酸钾或硫酸铵+硫酸钾,追肥量为140kg/亩,且N:K_2O=1:1.2。
Aiming for the crucial problems of causing the low yield, bad quality, low economic benefits, high residual pesticides and difficult to long-season cultivation, the paper using tomato analyzed and discussed the effects with different organic soil substrates composition, nutrients absorption properties and water-fertilizer coupling in trans-summer high yield cultivation in plastic greenhouse. Primarily study results as follows:
    1. The experiment was conducted using soil culture with corn straw, wheat straw, mushroom residue, sawdust and manure as substrates to select the better culture ingredient. The results showed that organic substrate could replace peat and vermiculite in physical structure. The tomato planted in the rational substrates grew finer, the relation between roots and leaves were better, yield and quality of tomato were also improved. The improvement of quality mainly behaved higher soluble solid matte and tomato red element. The formulas of 1hunman excrement and 3 saw dust, 1hunman excrement , 2 corn straw and 1 mushroom residue, Ihunman excrement, 1.5 peat and 1.5 vermiculite were the best favorite substrates among the treatments.
    2. The Experiment was analyzed the changes of physical and chemical characters of substrate compositions and nutrients properties of tomato. The results indicated that Formulas with more than 35% manure or 75% crop straw may inhibit plant growth and reduce the yield of tomato. Nutrition use efficiency and fruit nutrition absorption were the major factors on yield. The plant need to absorb N:3.70-10.46g, P2O5 0.93-2.30g, K2O 4.33-12.00g to produce 100kg tomato product.
    3. The experiment using tomato in greenhouse studied the different water-fertilizer combination in long season cultivation. The results showed that Irrigation was the major factor on yield. Higher irrigation behaved higher weight of every fruit and the number fruits of every truss. Higher amount irrigation could attain higher yield and dry matter, but water produce efficiency and dry matter productivity was lower than middling amount. With the same fertilizer application, the contents of chlorophy II contents of leaves and quality of tomato were diluted when giving more water. Considering yield , water using efficiency and produce cost, the feasible relative soil water content was 35 %,fertilizer combinations were CO(NH2)2+K2SO4,(NH4)2SO4, the better amount of additional fertilizer was 140kg/ 666.7 m2, nutrients absorbed of N:K2O=1:1.2.
引文
1.白纲义.有机生态型无土栽培营养特点及其生态意义中国蔬菜,2000(4):40~45
    2.柴晓芹.无土栽培及其发展趋势[J] 甘肃农业科技,1999,(1):4~5
    3.曹志洪.栽培基质的研制和产业化前景.中国科学院南京土壤研究所国际学术研讨会论文集,设施农业相关技术.1998,248~254
    4.陈建芳,张雪平,于兆成.日光温室番茄有机生态型无土栽培技术.河南农业科学,1999(7):25~26
    5.陈丽平.辣椒有机生态型无土栽培效应的研究 2000 届攻读硕士学位研究生毕业论文 西北农业大学
    6.程斐,李式军等.芦苇末有机栽培基质的基本理化性能分析 南京农业大学学报,2001,24(3):19~22
    7.段崇香,于贤昌.崔希刚等.日光温室有机基质栽培基质配方的研究 农业工程学报 2002,Vol18:193~196
    8.范德官.上海都市型农业的发展现状和未来.上海农业学报,1998,14(增刊):1~10
    9.傅松玲.非洲菊有机生态型无土栽培基质的筛选,园艺学报,2001(12):538~543
    10.郭世荣,李式军,程斐.有机基质培在蔬菜无土栽培上的应用研究2000,31(1):89~92
    11.黄华波,王祯丽,王连稹.棉花秸杆理化性质的测定及分析农业工程学报,2002,Vol.18:207~208
    12.蒋卫杰等,几种农产废弃物作为草炭替代物在无土栽培中的应用农业工程学报,1998,12:(增刊)177~180
    13.蒋卫杰,郑光华,白纲义.有机生态型无土栽培技术及营养生理基础[J].园艺学报,1996,23(2):139~144
    14.蒋卫杰,刘伟.无土栽培基质重复利用对番茄生长、产量和基质性状的影响[J].厦门大学学报,2001,40(2):37~42
    15.蒋卫杰,刘伟.我国无土栽培的发展现状及存在问题 农业工程学报 2002 Vol 18:168~171
    16.李静,赵秀兰,潘世强.无公害蔬菜无土栽培基质理化性质特性研究.西南农业大学学报,2000,22(2):112~115
    17.李式军,高丽红,庄仲连.我国无土栽培研究新技术新成果及发展动向.长江蔬菜1997(5):1~4
    18.李式军,高祖明等编译.现代无土栽培技术.北京,北京农业大学出版社,1988,72~93
    19.李远新,李进辉,氮磷钾配施对保护地番茄产量及品质的影响 中国蔬菜,1997(4):10~13
    20.连兆煌,李式军主编.无土栽培原理与技术北京,中国农业出版社,1996:102~111
    21.林火厚,邬忠明.不同基质配比对大棚黄瓜生长的影响[J] 中国蔬菜,1992(3):25~27
    22.刘明池.陈殿奎.氮肥用量与黄瓜产量和硝酸盐积累的关系[J].中国蔬菜,1996(3):26~28
    23.刘士哲.现代实用无土栽培技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001
    24.齐红岩,李天来,目光温室番茄长季节栽培条件下植株营养元素吸收特性的研究沈阳农业大学学报 2000,31(1):64~67
    25.秦嘉海,陈广泉,陈修斌.糠醛渣混合基质在番茄无土栽培中的应用.中国蔬菜,1997(4):13~15
    26.任俐等.花卉无土栽培营养液和基质的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,1991,19(1):105~106
    27.史吉平,黄丹枫,董永华.有机液肥在有机无土栽培中的应用技术研究.农业工程技术学
    
    报,2002,Vol.18:205~206
    28.孙群.植物生理学研究技术 生命科学学院植物生理学教研组 2000,9
    29.汤章成.现代植物生理学实验指南.北京,科学出版社,1999
    30.陶正平,贾卫国.利用有机肥料进行基质床式番茄无土栽培初报.吉林农业科学,1995(3):57~59
    31.田吉林,汪寅虎.设施无土栽培基质的研究现状、存在问题与展望.上海农业学报,2000,16(4):87~92
    32.土壤分析手册.中华土肥学会主编.台湾:1994:13~3,14~5,18~10,16~2,17~3
    33.田吉林,奚振邦,陈春宏.设施蔬菜无土栽培基质珍珠岩质量参数研究 农业工程技术学报,2002,Vol.18 197~199
    34.汪天,郁书君,傅玉兰.香石竹、非洲菊有机生态型无土栽培应用技术的研究.沈阳农业大学学报,2000,31(4):386~388
    35.于淑芳等,高效节能型日光温室黄瓜养分的吸收规律 中国蔬菜,2000(5):10~11
    36.邢禹贤.新编无土栽培原理与技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002
    37.张福锁.环境胁迫与植物根际营养.北京,中国农业出版社,1998:8~10
    38.张德威,牟咏花,徐志豪.几种无土栽培基质的理化性质[J].浙江农业学报.1993,5(3):166~171
    39.张华,刘钧如等,不同基质对番茄生长的影响初探 广东农业科学,1996(1):22~24
    40.张志斌,关于我国设施蔬菜生产可持续发展的探讨,沈阳农业大学学报,2000(1):15~17
    41.张真和,我国设施园艺的发展态势及问题探讨,中国蔬菜,1999(3):1~4
    42.郑光华.十年来中国无土栽培的进展.农业工程学报.1990,16(2):26-31.
    43.赵亮,董玉霞.黄瓜无土栽培基质筛选.北方园艺,1997,(6):49~50
    44.郑光华,贾文薇.不同基质对番茄长季节栽培的生长效应[J] 园艺学报,1989,16(1):34~38
    45.植物生理学实验指导,西北农业大学生理生化教研室主编,陕西科学出版社,1987:113~116,123~126
    46.中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤物理研究室.土壤物理性质测定法[M].北京:科学出版社,1978
    47.朱祖祥.土壤学(上册)[M].北京:农业出版社,1983,83~85,89
    48.朱本岳等,氮磷钾肥不同用量和配比对番茄产量及品质的影响 浙江农业科学,1992(3):131~133
    49. Aguila Sancho, J F. The present status of the substrate as an ecosystem component and its function and importance in crop productivity[J]. Acta Horticulturae, 1998:221
    50. Beardsell D V, Nichols D G. Physical properties of nursery potting-mixtures [J]. Sci Hort, 1979,11:1~8
    51. Benoit, Ceustermans, Maloupa, Gerasapoulos. A decade of research on ecological sound subsract. International seminar on soilless cultivation technology for protected crops in mild winter climates. Acta hort,1995, 408:17~29
    52. Bilderback T E, Fonteno W C, Johnson D R. Physical properties of media composed of peanut hulls, pine bark, and their effects on azalea growth [J]. J Amer Soc Hort Sci, 1982, 107(3): 522~525
    53. Blackwell.P.S., Ayling.S.M. 1981.Changes in aeration following transient waterlogging of sandy loam and clay soils cropped with winter cereals. Agric. Res. Coun. Letcombe Lab. Ann, Rep.35~38
    54. Bunt A C.Physical properties of mixtures of peat and minerals of different particles and bulk density for potting substrates [J]. Acta Hort, 1983, 150:143~160
    
    
    55. De Bootdt M, Verdonck O, The physical properties of the substrates in horticulture. Acta Horticulture.1972, 26:37~44
    56. Gruda, Schnitzler, Roeber. The influence of organic of substrate on growth and physiological parameters of vegetable seedlings. Acta hort, 1997, 450:487~494
    57. Hernandez C and Bustos V. Fertilizer application to greenhouse tomatoes. Advance Agroindustrial, 1996, 16(64): 42~44
    58. Jiang W J.Development of Soilless culture in Mainland China.农业工程学报, 2001,17 (1):10~15;
    59. Kaoto T and Lou H. Effect of rootstocks on the yield, mineral nutrition and hormone level in xylem sap in eggplant. Jan. Soc. Sci.1989.58(2): 345~352
    60. Michael.Raviv. Horticulture use of composted material. Acta Hort. 1998, 469:225~233
    61. Neil Bragg.Grower handbook Nol-Growing media. House, Swanley, Kent, BR88. HY. 1995: 181~207
    62. Nicole De Rouin, Jean Caron.Influence of some artificial substracte on productivity and DRIS diagnosis of greenhouse tomatoes.Acta.hort, 1988, 221:45~52
    63. Penningsfeld F. Substrates for protected cropping. Acta.hort, 1978, 82:13~22
    64. Prasad M, Maher MJ.Physical and chemical properties of fractionated peat. Acta. hort, 1993, 257~264
    65. Raviv, Reuvenni, Zaidman. Improved medium for organic transplants. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture(UnitedKingdom). 1998,16(1),53~64
    66. Roe, Stoffella N E P J, Graetz D. Composts from various municipal solid waste fecdstocks affect vegetable crops.[J] J Auer Soc Hort Sci, 1997, 122:433~437
    67. Rozek.S, Leja M. Effect of fertilization with different forms of the nitrogen on greenhouse lettuce quality, and its changes during storage. Folia- Horticulturae (Poland), 1994, V.6(1): 41~51
    68. Schroder EG. Technological development plant growth and root environment of the plant plane hydroponics systems. Acta. Horyicultura, 1994, 361:201~209
    69. Sjamaudin E and Haijadi S S. Response of tomato to soil condition and NPK dosage on red yellow podzolic soil Acta Horticulture, 1994, 369:344~351
    70.艾绍英,柯玉诗,姚建武等.氮钾营养对大青菜产量、品质和生理指标的影响.华南农业大学学报,2001,22(2):11~14.
    71.蔡绍珍等,地膜覆盖栽培番茄干物质积累与养分吸收分配规律的初步研究中国蔬菜1983,(2):1~6
    72.车宗贤,王东晖,郭天文.大棚番茄专用肥施肥量的研究[J] 中国农学通报,1998,14(6):34~35
    73.车宗贤,郭天文.番茄专用肥配方研究 甘肃农业科技,1996,(11):26~28
    74.陈尚谟.旱区施肥量与农田水分利用率关系的研究 中国农业气象1994,15(4):12-15
    75.崔海信,温室黄瓜产量形成的氮磷钾反应模式及最优施肥参数的初步研究 中国蔬菜1987,20(4):25~31
    76.范多三等.蔬菜作物磷钾肥施用效果的研究 北京蔬菜1984,(6):19~22
    77.冯绍元,王广兴.滴灌棉花水肥耦合效应的田间试验研究 中国农业大学学报,1998,3(6):59~62
    78.高秀兰等,日光温室栽培番茄引起生理障碍的NO_3—N浓度的研究 辽宁农业科学 1997,1:8~13
    
    
    79.葛晓光,徐刚.密度、施肥量和灌水量对甜椒生育及产量的影响沈阳农业大学学报 1989,20(4):383~389
    80.何萍 杨金.番茄专用肥最佳配方及用量的研究 土壤肥料,1997,(1):32~35
    81.何文寿.几种作物对铵态氮和硝态氮的相对吸收能力(D).1994界攻读硕士学位研究生学位论文.西北农业大学
    82.贺超兴,张志斌.日光温室水钾氮耦合效应对番茄产量的影响 中国蔬菜2001,(1):35~36
    83.贾继文 桑卫民.蔬菜大棚土壤理化性状与土壤酶活性关系的研究 山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2001,32(4):427~432
    84.蒋卫杰,氮钾互作对蔬菜生长及发育的影响中国蔬菜 1992 增刊
    85.焦晓燕,王立志,梁改梅.日光温室蔬菜需肥特点及其氮钾配合对其生长的影响 农业工程学报 2002,Vol18:127~130
    86.李建明,邹志荣.灌溉土壤水分上限对温室番茄开花座果期生理指标的影响 2000,9(4):71~74
    87.李建设.日光温室滴灌辣椒水肥耦合效应研究 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文 1999
    88.李寿声 沈菊琴.水稻水肥生产函数及优化灌溉模式 水利学报.1997,(10):18~24
    89.李世清,李生秀.水肥耦合对玉米产量和肥料效果的影响 干旱地区农业研究,1994,(1):47~53
    90.李远新等,氮磷钾配施对保护地番茄产量及品质的影响 中国蔬菜1997,(4):10~13
    91.刘士哲.现代实用无土栽培技术(M).北京:中国农业出版社,2001
    92.卢基明.紫外分光光度法测定蔬菜硝态氮的改进[J].山东农业大学学报1997,18(4)
    93.吕殿青,张文孝,谷浩.胃北东部旱塬氮磷水三因素交互作用与耦合模型研究 西北农业学报1994,3(3):27~32
    94.宁正祥.食品成分分析手册[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,1998:26~27,313~314;
    95.饶立华 薛建明.钾营养对蕃茄光合作用和产量形成的效应 浙江农业大学学报.1989,15(4):341~348
    96.沈兵.化学追肥量对基质栽培番茄产量与品质的影响[J] 中国蔬菜,1999,(2):33
    97.施秀珠.上海郊区塑料大棚的土壤障碍问题.上海农业科技,1991(1):28~31
    98.田军仓,郭元裕.苜蓿水肥耦合模型及其优化组合方案研究 武汉水利电力大学学报 1997(4):19~22
    99.童有为,陈淡飞.温室土壤次生盐渍化形成和治理途径的研究.园艺学报,1991,18 (2):159~162
    100.王远程等,不同时期的不同施氮水平对番茄前期生长发育及产量的影响中国蔬菜 1986,(4):10~14
    101.王立秋,曹敬山,靳占忠.小麦产量及其品质的水肥效应研究 干旱地区农业研究 1997,3:58~63
    102.汪羞得,乔红霞.滴灌专用肥对设施蔬菜生育与吸肥规律影响研究 农业工程学报 2002,Vol18:127~130
    103.魏国强,孙治强,常高正.不同施肥量对温室基质栽培番茄产量与品质的影响 河南农业大学学报 2000,34(4) 385~387
    104.吴志行.大棚蔬菜连作障碍及土壤次生盐渍化原因及防止措施.长江蔬菜,1994(5):21~23
    105.吴建繁 贺建德.京郊保护地番茄氮磷钾肥料效应及其吸收分配规律研究植物营养与肥料学报.2000,6(4):409~416
    106.武云天,王生录.陇东旱塬地区冬小麦水肥耦合效应模拟研究西北农业学报,1995,1995,(4):69~72
    
    
    107.于圆华等.CO2 浓度对黄瓜叶片光合速率、Rubisco 活性及呼吸速率的影响 华北农学报,1997,12(4):101-106
    108.薛继澄,毕登义等.保护地栽培蔬菜生理障碍的土壤因子与对茬.土壤肥料.1994 (1):4~9
    109.张振贤,张祸墁.我国设施园艺相关生理研究进展.农业工程学报2002,Vol:18.117~123
    110.张志斌等,越冬长季节日光温室番茄高产栽培配套技术研究 沈阳农业大学学报 2001,(1):15~17
    111.张秋英等.水肥耦合对玉米光合特性及产量的影响,玉米科学,2001,9(2):64~67
    112.长树森,雷勤明.日光温室蔬菜渗灌技术研究[J] 灌溉排水,1994,13(2):30~32
    113.郑维民等,番茄对钾的吸收分布及对产量的影响 中国蔬菜1987,(4):8~12
    114.朱本岳等,氮磷钾不同用量和配比对番茄产量及品质的影响 浙江农业科学 1992,(3):131~133
    115.诸葛玉平,张云龙,李爱峰.保护地番茄栽培渗灌水指标的研究 农业工程学报 2002,18(2):53~57
    116.赵斌,郎家庆,韩晓日.番茄最佳施肥量及配比研究辽宁农业科学 2002(5):16~18
    117. Aron D I.Ammonium and nitrate nitrogen of barley at different seasons in relation to hydrogen-ion concentration, manganese,copper and oxygen supply(J). Soil Sci. 1973,44: 91~120
    118. Baselga Yrisarry J J. Response of processing tomato to three different levels of water and nitrogen application Acta Hort. 1993, 335:149~153
    119. Blackwell, RS.and Ayling, S.M.1981.Changes in aeration following transient waterlogging of sandy loam and clay soils cropped with winter cereals Agric. Res. Coun. Letcombe lab.Ann, Rep.35~38
    120. Davenport,J-Wsu,et al.Fertilizer for irrigated potato parent project.Agronomy A bsracts.2000, 8
    121. Heuvelink and Marcelis.Dry matter distribution in tomato and cucumber. Acta Horticulture 1989,260:149~157
    122. Heuvelink. Dry matter partitioning in tomato: Validation of a Dynamic Simulation Model. Annals of botany 1996,77:71~80
    123. Heuvelink. Effect of fruit load on dry matter partitioning in tomato. Scientia Horticulture 1997,69:51~59
    124. Holc,Grange R I,Picken A J. An analysis of the accumulation of water and dry matter in tomato fruit. (Plant Cell & Env. 1987, 10: 157~162
    125. K.Chartzoulakis G.Klapaki. 温室辣椒杂种在不生长期对 NaCl 盐浓度的反应 国外作物育种.2001,20(3):96~97
    126. Mitchell J P, Shennan C,Grattan S R,et al. Tomato yields and quality under water deficit and salinity. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 1991, 116.. 215~221
    127. Onken A B, Wendt C W and Halobal A D, Soil fertility and water use efficiency; 1988,441-444 Amarillo/Bushland, Texes
    128. Phene C J,Hutmacher R B,Davis K R,et al. Water--fertilizer management of processing tomatoes. Acta Hort. 1990,277:137~193
    129. Rhodes F M, Nitrogen or waterstress, their interrelationships. In: R D Hanhe, Nitrogen in crop production. Am.soc of Agron, 1984, P307~317
    130. S.S.Grewal, S.P.Mittal, et al. Effect of manure and fertilizer on soil-water retention and use by rained maize-wheat in Siwalik Region. J.Indian Sot.Soil Sci. 1985, Vol.33
    131.Storlie C.A., Hechman J. R.,Soil, plant and canoy responses to carbonated irrigation water[J]. HortTechnology, 1994,6(2): 111~114
    
    
    132. Stansell J R and Smittle D A..Effect of irrigation regimes on yield and water use of snap bean[J]. J.Amer .Soc.Hort.Sci., 1980,105(6) :869~873
    133. Smatstrla A.G, Locascio S.J..Tensiometer-controled,drip-irrigation scheduling of tomato [J]. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 1996,12(3) :315-319
    134. Schroder EG.1994, Technological development plant growth and root environment of the plant plane hydroponics systems.Acta.Horyicuitura 361:201~209
    135. Trought M.C and Drew,M.C..The development of water damage in wheat seeding (Triticum aestivum L.) II .Accumulation and redistrition of nurtrients by the shoot.Plant and Soil.1980,56:187-199
    136. Tan C.S.et al..Water uptake and root distribution by corn and tomato at different depth [J].Hort Science, 1985,20 (4) :686
    137. Tan C.S.et al..Transpiration,stomatal conduction,and photosysthesis of tomato plants with various proportion of root system supplied with water [J]. J.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci., 1981,106(2) :147~151
    138. Turner N C..Plant water relations and irrigation management [J].Agri Water Manage, 1990,17:59-75
    139. Unger PW and Stwart BA.. Soil management for efficient water use,An overview,In: Limitations to efficient water use in crop production, American Society of Agronomy [M].1983
    140. Veen, B.W...Influence of oxygen deficiency on growth and function of plant root.Kluwer Academic Publishers.Dordrecht the Netherlands.1989,223-230
    141. Viets F G.,Water deficiency and nutrient availability.Water deficients and plant growth.1972, 111:217-236
    142. Vessey J K, Henry L T, Chaillous, and Raper C D.Root-Zone activity affects relative upake of nitrate and Ammonium from mixed nitrogen sources (J).Journal of Plant Nutrition.1990,13(1) : 95-116
    143. Vaast P. Effects of solution PH, temperature, nitrate/ammonium rations.and inhibitors on ammonium and nitrate uptake by Arabic coffee in short-term solution culure (J).Plant-Nutr.,1998. 21(7) :1551-1564
    144. Woolbe D.W.Interactive water and nitrogen effects on senescence of maize Agronomy Joural, 1988, 80(2) : 859-864
    145. Walker J M.One degree increment in soil temperature affectsraise seeding behavior.Pro.Soc.Soil Sci.Agr.1969,(33) :729~736.
    146. Wilcox G E, J R Magalhaes.Growth, free amino acids, and mineral composition of tomato plants in relation to nitrogen form and growth media.1984
    147. Wyan R,Walker,Gaylord V.Skogerboe,Surface Irrigation-Theory and Practice.New Jersey, U.S.A: Prentice-Hall.Inc., 1987:212
    147. Zornoza Petal.Response of pepper plants to NO3-:NH4+ ratios and light intensity(J).Journal of Plant Nutrition.1987,10:773-782

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700