基于Web服务的网上采购系统的实现研究
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摘要
Web服务技术是一种新兴的互联网应用程序开发技术。利用各种不同的Web服务，人们可以自由的定制自己所需要的应用程序。Web服务技术利用XML语言做为基础，实现了跨平台，跨数据库之间的松散耦合。
当前的网上采购系统是一种需要大量人工参与的被动的采购系统。系统无法主动的寻找网上采购的最佳信息，不能与企业现有的管理系统有机的结合起来。不能有效的利用互联网资源众多，信息快捷，成本廉价的优势，采购效率低下。不同的企业之间的网上采购系统由于使用数据格式的不一致，导致无法便捷的交换彼此间的信息，系统集成成本很高。
本文论述了Web服务技术的组成部分以及其特点，并利用Web服务技术实现了一个主动式网上采购系统。新的主动式网上采购系统突破了原有系统的被动局限性，实现了主动发现，动态查找，自我定制，网上交易等功能，大大增强了采购系统的自动化，智能化。利用XML交换数据也使不同平台的交易更加容易，降低了系统集成的成本。主动式网上采购系统可以很好的与企业已存在的其它信息系统互交，实现了企业生产过程中的流程化网上采购。最后本文结合Web服务技术讨论了本系统中的事务处理以及安全保证问题。实践证明了利用Web服务技术实现网上采购系统是可行的，并将会对电子商务的未来发展产生深远影响。
Web Services is a new development technology of internet application software. With using various Web Services, people can customize freely programs which they need. Web Services use XML as foundation language to realize loosely coupling different databases and OSs.
The architecture of Web Services is studied in this paper, and an active online procurement system is suggested. The suggested system breaks through the passive limitations of the traditional online procurement system, and realizes the functions of active finding, dynamic searching, self-customizing, online trading, etc. Thus the automatic and intelligent features of the traditional online procurement system are greatly improved. The businesses among different systems are much more easier to realize by using XML in exchanging data, at the same time costs of system integration are reduced greatly. Finally, the transaction processing as well as the security of Web Services are discussed. It is proved that the active online procurement system which uses Web Services is effective and feasible. Web Services will affect profoundly the future of the development of electronic commerce.
当前的网上采购系统是一种需要大量人工参与的被动的采购系统。系统无法主动的寻找网上采购的最佳信息，不能与企业现有的管理系统有机的结合起来。不能有效的利用互联网资源众多，信息快捷，成本廉价的优势，采购效率低下。不同的企业之间的网上采购系统由于使用数据格式的不一致，导致无法便捷的交换彼此间的信息，系统集成成本很高。
本文论述了Web服务技术的组成部分以及其特点，并利用Web服务技术实现了一个主动式网上采购系统。新的主动式网上采购系统突破了原有系统的被动局限性，实现了主动发现，动态查找，自我定制，网上交易等功能，大大增强了采购系统的自动化，智能化。利用XML交换数据也使不同平台的交易更加容易，降低了系统集成的成本。主动式网上采购系统可以很好的与企业已存在的其它信息系统互交，实现了企业生产过程中的流程化网上采购。最后本文结合Web服务技术讨论了本系统中的事务处理以及安全保证问题。实践证明了利用Web服务技术实现网上采购系统是可行的，并将会对电子商务的未来发展产生深远影响。
Web Services is a new development technology of internet application software. With using various Web Services, people can customize freely programs which they need. Web Services use XML as foundation language to realize loosely coupling different databases and OSs.
The architecture of Web Services is studied in this paper, and an active online procurement system is suggested. The suggested system breaks through the passive limitations of the traditional online procurement system, and realizes the functions of active finding, dynamic searching, self-customizing, online trading, etc. Thus the automatic and intelligent features of the traditional online procurement system are greatly improved. The businesses among different systems are much more easier to realize by using XML in exchanging data, at the same time costs of system integration are reduced greatly. Finally, the transaction processing as well as the security of Web Services are discussed. It is proved that the active online procurement system which uses Web Services is effective and feasible. Web Services will affect profoundly the future of the development of electronic commerce.
引文
1 Web Services, PartⅠ: Introduction. http://www.webreference.com/js/column96/
2 David O'Riordan. Business Process Standards for Web Services. http://www.webServicesarchitect.com/archives.asp
3 Calling external Web Service from a Java Stored Procedure. http://technet.oracle.com/sample_code/tech/java/jsp/samples/wsclient/Readme.html
4 http://java.sun.com/blueprints/webServices/using/webservbp8.html
5 Web Services Conceptual Architecture. http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webServices/ws-wsca/part1/index_eng.shtml
6 Ethan Cerami. Web Services Essentials. O'Reilly, 2002: 10-16
7 陈培久，陈序广．用XML与XMLHTTP组件实现网页信息的传递．微机发展，2003，4
8 Kurt Cagle著．《XML高级开发指南》．周生炳，肖伟译．电子工业出版社，2001：217-243
9 SOAP 基础知识. http://www.ccidnet.com/tech/app/2001/09/21/58 3322.html
10 Scott Seely著．《SOAP XML跨平台Web Service开发技术》．杨涛，杨晓云，王建桥，高文雅等译．机械工业出版社，2002：128-152
11 理解 UDDI. http://www-9OO.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webServices/ws-featuddi/index.shtml
12 胡培，王浩．基于网络的公司采购系统设计．计算机应用研究，2001，(5)：32-33
13 Mike Jasnowski 著. 《Java,XML和 Web服务宝典》．盖江南 王勇译．电子工业出版社，2002：611-643
14 Grady Booch. Object oriented design with applications. Redwood City, Calif.: Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co., 1991: 75-131
15 James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson, Grady Booch 著. 《UML 参考手册》．姚淑珍，唐发根等译．机械工业出版社，2001：19-50
16 David Jorgensen. Developing .NET Web Services with XML. Syngress Media Inc,2002: 358-440
17 在XML Web 服务中心使用数据．http://chs.gotdotnet.com/quickstart/aspplus/doc/Servicesanddata.aspx
18 Richard Anderson, Brian Francis 著. 《ASP.NET 高级编程》．王毅 杨浩等译．清华大学出版社，2002：250—318，423—475
19 Subrahmanyam Allamaraju, Nuts and Bolts of Transaction Processing. http://www.subrahmanyam.com/articles/transactions/NutsAndBoltsOfTP.html
20 Graham Glass, 将 Web 服务应用于应用程序． http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webServices/ws-peer1/index.shtml
21 Web Services Transaction. http://www- 106.ibm.corn/developerworks/library/ws-transpec/
22 Muhammad F. Kaleem. Transactions over Web Services - An Introduction to the Business Transaction Protocol. http://www.webServices.org/index.php/article/articleview/381/1/3/
23 Robert Tabor 著. 《NET XML Web服务》．徐继伟 英宇 等译．机械工业出版社，2002：311-319
24 加强Web服务应用程序的安全性．http://www.fawcette.com/china/XmlFile.aspx?ID=55
25 就 Web 服务安全性对Tony Cowan进行的访谈．http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/wsdd/library/techarticles/0211_cowan/cowan. shtml
26 BUILDER. COM. 用IP阻塞保护Web服务的安全．http://www.zdnet.com.cn/developer/tech/story/0,2000081602,39033170,00.htm
27 Warwick Ford, Michael S.Baum 著．《安全电子商务》．劳帼龄等译．第二版．人民邮电出版社，2002：85-105
28 Mridula Parihar 著．《ASP.NET 宝典》．王勇译．电子工业出版社，2002：478-479
29 Yasser Shohoud, Secure Web Services. http://www.fawcette.com/dotnetmag/2001_12/magazine/columns/yshohoud/ ?articleid=13707
30 Joe Clabby. Web Service Gotchas. http://www-900.ibm. com/developerWorks/cn/wehServices/ws-gotcha/index.shtml
31 李劲，动态电子商务的Web服务．http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-debws/index.shtml
32 Sheila A.Mcllraith,Tran Cao Son,Honglei Zeng. Semantic Web Services. IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS. 2001: 46-53
2 David O'Riordan. Business Process Standards for Web Services. http://www.webServicesarchitect.com/archives.asp
3 Calling external Web Service from a Java Stored Procedure. http://technet.oracle.com/sample_code/tech/java/jsp/samples/wsclient/Readme.html
4 http://java.sun.com/blueprints/webServices/using/webservbp8.html
5 Web Services Conceptual Architecture. http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webServices/ws-wsca/part1/index_eng.shtml
6 Ethan Cerami. Web Services Essentials. O'Reilly, 2002: 10-16
7 陈培久，陈序广．用XML与XMLHTTP组件实现网页信息的传递．微机发展，2003，4
8 Kurt Cagle著．《XML高级开发指南》．周生炳，肖伟译．电子工业出版社，2001：217-243
9 SOAP 基础知识. http://www.ccidnet.com/tech/app/2001/09/21/58 3322.html
10 Scott Seely著．《SOAP XML跨平台Web Service开发技术》．杨涛，杨晓云，王建桥，高文雅等译．机械工业出版社，2002：128-152
11 理解 UDDI. http://www-9OO.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webServices/ws-featuddi/index.shtml
12 胡培，王浩．基于网络的公司采购系统设计．计算机应用研究，2001，(5)：32-33
13 Mike Jasnowski 著. 《Java,XML和 Web服务宝典》．盖江南 王勇译．电子工业出版社，2002：611-643
14 Grady Booch. Object oriented design with applications. Redwood City, Calif.: Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co., 1991: 75-131
15 James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson, Grady Booch 著. 《UML 参考手册》．姚淑珍，唐发根等译．机械工业出版社，2001：19-50
16 David Jorgensen. Developing .NET Web Services with XML. Syngress Media Inc,2002: 358-440
17 在XML Web 服务中心使用数据．http://chs.gotdotnet.com/quickstart/aspplus/doc/Servicesanddata.aspx
18 Richard Anderson, Brian Francis 著. 《ASP.NET 高级编程》．王毅 杨浩等译．清华大学出版社，2002：250—318，423—475
19 Subrahmanyam Allamaraju, Nuts and Bolts of Transaction Processing. http://www.subrahmanyam.com/articles/transactions/NutsAndBoltsOfTP.html
20 Graham Glass, 将 Web 服务应用于应用程序． http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webServices/ws-peer1/index.shtml
21 Web Services Transaction. http://www- 106.ibm.corn/developerworks/library/ws-transpec/
22 Muhammad F. Kaleem. Transactions over Web Services - An Introduction to the Business Transaction Protocol. http://www.webServices.org/index.php/article/articleview/381/1/3/
23 Robert Tabor 著. 《NET XML Web服务》．徐继伟 英宇 等译．机械工业出版社，2002：311-319
24 加强Web服务应用程序的安全性．http://www.fawcette.com/china/XmlFile.aspx?ID=55
25 就 Web 服务安全性对Tony Cowan进行的访谈．http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/wsdd/library/techarticles/0211_cowan/cowan. shtml
26 BUILDER. COM. 用IP阻塞保护Web服务的安全．http://www.zdnet.com.cn/developer/tech/story/0,2000081602,39033170,00.htm
27 Warwick Ford, Michael S.Baum 著．《安全电子商务》．劳帼龄等译．第二版．人民邮电出版社，2002：85-105
28 Mridula Parihar 著．《ASP.NET 宝典》．王勇译．电子工业出版社，2002：478-479
29 Yasser Shohoud, Secure Web Services. http://www.fawcette.com/dotnetmag/2001_12/magazine/columns/yshohoud/ ?articleid=13707
30 Joe Clabby. Web Service Gotchas. http://www-900.ibm. com/developerWorks/cn/wehServices/ws-gotcha/index.shtml
31 李劲，动态电子商务的Web服务．http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-debws/index.shtml
32 Sheila A.Mcllraith,Tran Cao Son,Honglei Zeng. Semantic Web Services. IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS. 2001: 46-53