长株潭两型社会建设中海外人才与智力资源利用研究
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摘要
引进国外智力作为有中国特色的人才培养方式,作为人事人才‘工作在更宽的领域、更深的层次上的拓展,在我国的经济建设与社会发展中发挥了重要的、不可替代的作用。当前,我国经济和社会发展进入新阶段,国际环境和国内发展条件正发生着重大变化,粗放型经济增长方式已难以为继,解决发展不平衡和不协调的瓶颈问题日益紧迫,缓解人口资源环境与经济社会发展的矛盾已经提上重要日程。要实现经济社会的科学发展,推进科技进步和创新,就必须充分发挥人才资源的基础性作用,要善于利用国际国内两种人才资源,坚持自主培养人才和引进海外人才并重。目前,长株潭“两型社会”建设面临的一个突出矛盾就是人才总量不足、人才结构不合理、高层次和专业性人才相对缺乏。“两型社会”建设这一系统工程庞大人才智力需求,为海外人才智力的引进和利用提供广阔的空间和动力。研究长株潭“两型社会”建设中的海外人才智力资源利用成为一项迫切需要解决的理论和实践课题。
论文分为四个部分：第一部分为两型社会建设中海外人才与智力资源利用的理论分析,该部分提出了海外人才与智力资源利用的理论基础,研究了“两型社会”建设中海外人才和智力资源利用的功能。第二部分分析了长株潭两型社会建设中海外智力服务引进和利用取得的初步成效：项目成效明显、出国培训有新的提高、外国专家服务得到加强、引智体系不断完善。第三部分分析了当前长株潭两型社会建设中海外智力服务引进和利用存在的问题,主要有：引智宣传不深入,重视程度不够；引智项目对接上做得不够,水平需要提高；引智经费短缺,项目单位在经费支持上存在模糊认识；引智机构人员配备不够,专业素质不高；缺乏长远的引智规划。第四部分为长株潭两型社会建设中推进海外智力资源利用的对策建议,即更新引智观念,提高思想认识,加大引智工作的宣传力度；制定配套政策,搭建交流平台,构建一体化引智工作体系；拓宽引进渠道,塑造引智品牌,实施“双向结合”的引智战略；加大经费投入,完善资金管理,建立多元化引智经费投入机制；加强队伍建设,开展技能培训,切实提升引智干部的能力素质。
The introduction of foreign intelligence as an approach in personnel training with Chinese characteristics, as an expansion in a wider area and deeper level of personnel work, played an important and irreplaceable role in China's economic construction and social development. At present, China's economic and social development has entered a new stage, the development of the international environment and domestic conditions are taking major changes, extensive mode of economic growth has been difficult to sustain, solve the bottlenecks of unbalanced and uncoordinated development is ever more pressing, alleviate the conflict between the population, resources, environment and the development of economic and social has been put on the agenda. To achieve scenically development of economic and social, promote the progress in scientific and technological and innovation, we must bring into full play on the fundamental of human resources, we must be good at using of international and domestic human resources, adhere to self-training talents as equal to bring in overseas talent. At present, the prominent contradictions in the construction of "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster are a lack of talent, talent structure is irrational, high-level and professional personnel are lack of. The huge needs of intellectual talent in the engineering of building "Two-Oriented Society," provide a broad space and power in bringing overseas talent and use of them. Research the use of overseas talent in intellectual resources in the building of "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster has become an urgent need in the theoretical and practical issue.
The paper is divided into four parts:the first part is the theoretical analysis of the use of overseas talent and intellectual resources in the building of "Two-Oriented Society", this part proposed the basis of theoretical in using overseas talent and intellectual resources, study the functions of overseas talent and intellectual of resource in the building of "Two-Oriented Society". The second part is the analysis of the preliminary results of the services on building "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster by using overseas talent and intellectual of resource:the project achieved remarkable success, abroad training have a new height, foreign expert services have be strengthened, and bring overseas intelligence system has improved constantly. The third part is the analysis of the current problems of foreign intelligence which services on building "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster, Mainly problems are: bring intelligence information is not in-depth, emphasis is not enough; bring overseas intelligence not done enough on matchmaking, the level need to improve; The funds of bring overseas intelligence are shortage, there existence vague awareness on the project units in the funds support; the inadequate staffing agencies of bring overseas intelligence are not enough, professional quality is not high; lack of long-term planning on bring overseas intelligence. Part four is the countermeasures on the use of overseas resources to promote the construction of "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster, that is, we must update the concept, and raise awareness and increase advocacy efforts on bring overseas intelligence; make the policy on introduction of foreign intelligence for Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster, and create good working conditions; Strengthen macro-management, build an integration system of introduction of foreign intelligence for Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster; Establish personnel exchange market between Chang-Zhu-Tan city and international, improve the network on information exchange; around the center, focused on keystone, and make the brand; invest more funds and set up a wide range of input mechanism on bring overseas intelligence; strengthen the institution building and upgrade ability and quality of system of bring overseas intelligence.
论文分为四个部分：第一部分为两型社会建设中海外人才与智力资源利用的理论分析,该部分提出了海外人才与智力资源利用的理论基础,研究了“两型社会”建设中海外人才和智力资源利用的功能。第二部分分析了长株潭两型社会建设中海外智力服务引进和利用取得的初步成效：项目成效明显、出国培训有新的提高、外国专家服务得到加强、引智体系不断完善。第三部分分析了当前长株潭两型社会建设中海外智力服务引进和利用存在的问题,主要有：引智宣传不深入,重视程度不够；引智项目对接上做得不够,水平需要提高；引智经费短缺,项目单位在经费支持上存在模糊认识；引智机构人员配备不够,专业素质不高；缺乏长远的引智规划。第四部分为长株潭两型社会建设中推进海外智力资源利用的对策建议,即更新引智观念,提高思想认识,加大引智工作的宣传力度；制定配套政策,搭建交流平台,构建一体化引智工作体系；拓宽引进渠道,塑造引智品牌,实施“双向结合”的引智战略；加大经费投入,完善资金管理,建立多元化引智经费投入机制；加强队伍建设,开展技能培训,切实提升引智干部的能力素质。
The introduction of foreign intelligence as an approach in personnel training with Chinese characteristics, as an expansion in a wider area and deeper level of personnel work, played an important and irreplaceable role in China's economic construction and social development. At present, China's economic and social development has entered a new stage, the development of the international environment and domestic conditions are taking major changes, extensive mode of economic growth has been difficult to sustain, solve the bottlenecks of unbalanced and uncoordinated development is ever more pressing, alleviate the conflict between the population, resources, environment and the development of economic and social has been put on the agenda. To achieve scenically development of economic and social, promote the progress in scientific and technological and innovation, we must bring into full play on the fundamental of human resources, we must be good at using of international and domestic human resources, adhere to self-training talents as equal to bring in overseas talent. At present, the prominent contradictions in the construction of "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster are a lack of talent, talent structure is irrational, high-level and professional personnel are lack of. The huge needs of intellectual talent in the engineering of building "Two-Oriented Society," provide a broad space and power in bringing overseas talent and use of them. Research the use of overseas talent in intellectual resources in the building of "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster has become an urgent need in the theoretical and practical issue.
The paper is divided into four parts:the first part is the theoretical analysis of the use of overseas talent and intellectual resources in the building of "Two-Oriented Society", this part proposed the basis of theoretical in using overseas talent and intellectual resources, study the functions of overseas talent and intellectual of resource in the building of "Two-Oriented Society". The second part is the analysis of the preliminary results of the services on building "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster by using overseas talent and intellectual of resource:the project achieved remarkable success, abroad training have a new height, foreign expert services have be strengthened, and bring overseas intelligence system has improved constantly. The third part is the analysis of the current problems of foreign intelligence which services on building "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster, Mainly problems are: bring intelligence information is not in-depth, emphasis is not enough; bring overseas intelligence not done enough on matchmaking, the level need to improve; The funds of bring overseas intelligence are shortage, there existence vague awareness on the project units in the funds support; the inadequate staffing agencies of bring overseas intelligence are not enough, professional quality is not high; lack of long-term planning on bring overseas intelligence. Part four is the countermeasures on the use of overseas resources to promote the construction of "Two-Oriented Society" in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster, that is, we must update the concept, and raise awareness and increase advocacy efforts on bring overseas intelligence; make the policy on introduction of foreign intelligence for Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster, and create good working conditions; Strengthen macro-management, build an integration system of introduction of foreign intelligence for Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster; Establish personnel exchange market between Chang-Zhu-Tan city and international, improve the network on information exchange; around the center, focused on keystone, and make the brand; invest more funds and set up a wide range of input mechanism on bring overseas intelligence; strengthen the institution building and upgrade ability and quality of system of bring overseas intelligence.
引文
①王靖华在：《如何界定“外国专家”和“海外高层次人才”》,载《国际人才交流》,2009年第7期,第46页。
②袁旭东：《中国引进海外人才的理论分析与实证研究》,吉林大学博士学位论文,2009年。
③俞嘉骏：《海外人才管理体制创新需加快》,载《人才资源开发》,2009年第5期,第45页。
④杨诚：《吸引海外留学人才的政策与法律探讨》,载《太平洋学报》,2009年第1期,第52页。
①王文华：《海外高层次留学人才的管理：以济南市为例的研究》,山东大学硕士学位论文,2008年。
①滕玉成、俞宪忠：《公共部门人力资源管理》,中国人民大学出版社,2003年版,第1页。
②滕玉成、俞宪忠：《公共部门人力资源管理》,中国人民大学出版社,2003年版,第5页。
③工文华：《海外高层次留学人才的管理：以济南市为例的研究》,山东大学硕士论文,2008年,第12页。
④发达国家对外国人才的界定采用定性和定量相结合的办法。具体做法是：每年年初发布本年度外国人才引进需求目录,规定引进人才的专业、数量,并通过打分体系对申请人是否符合外国人才的条件进行评估确认。
①国家外国专家局：《中共中央、国务院关于引进国外智力以利四化建设的决定》,载《引进国外智力和外国专家工作法规文件汇编》,2003年,第5页。
②国家外国专家局,《“聘请外国专家确认件”管理办法》,载《引进国外智力和外国专家工作法规文件汇编》,2003年,第54页。
③中共中央、国务院关于进一步加强人才工作的决定”,《十六大以来重要文献选编》(上),中央文献出版社,2006年版,第633页。
[1]陈炜华.引进国外智力与社会经济发展[J].商业时代,2006,(36)：13-14.
[2]陈炜华.引进海外人才与智力取得辉煌成就——引进海外人才与智力25年综述[J].国际人才交流,2008,(6)：5-7.
[3]F.Strong,Maurice.外国专家角色在向和谐社会转型过程中的变化[J].国际人才交流,2009,(1)：16-17,64.
[4]黄俊.中部地区吸引海外人才和智力的优势[J].国际人才交流,2009(1).
[5]季允石.积极做好引进国外智力工作[J].国际人才交流,2008,(4)：22-23.
[6]纪玉山、王耀才.智力引进是增长方式转变的内在要求[J].长白学刊,1997,(2)：22-24.
[7]刘思安.试论可持续发展、智力与智力引进几个问题[J].高等教育研究,2003,(2)：33-35.
[8]袁旭东.积极引进国外智力促进经济社会又好又快发展[J].经济视角,2009,(3)：50-52.
[9]张建国.引进国外智力是改革开放的重要组成部分[J].国际人才交流,2009,2：35-36.
[10]子智.开创引智新局面[J].国际人才交流,2000,(12)：1.
[11]熊菲.经济全球化背景下专业化人力资本外流的问题研究[D].长沙：湖南师范大学,2008.
[12]卢超.中国人力资本与经济增长之间关系的研究[D].南京：河海大学,2007.
[13]国家外国专家局.部分国家和地区人才政策、人才及智力优势[M].北京,2008.
[14]国家外国专家局.改革开放30年引进国外智力工作回顾[M].北京,2009.
[15]国家外国专家局.十六大以来重要文献中关于引进国外智力工作的论述摘编[M].北京,2007.
[16]中共中共党校、国家外国专家局.邓小平论引进国外智力[M].1998.
[17]高文书.经济全球化下的国外人才引进策略研究[G]//潘晨光主编.中国人才前沿[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2007.
[18]国家外国专家局.中共中央、国务院关于引进国外智力以利四化建设的决定[G]//引进国外智力和外国专家工作法规文件汇编.北京,2003.
[19]顾玉清、吴志华.用科学发展观统领引智——访国家外国专家局局长万学远[N].人民日报,2005,12,29.
[20]中共国家外国专家局党组.坚持引进国外智力战略方针促进经济社会又好又快发展——改革开放以来引智工作的发展历程、显著成就及基本经验[N].光明日报，2008-12-31.
②袁旭东：《中国引进海外人才的理论分析与实证研究》,吉林大学博士学位论文,2009年。
③俞嘉骏：《海外人才管理体制创新需加快》,载《人才资源开发》,2009年第5期,第45页。
④杨诚：《吸引海外留学人才的政策与法律探讨》,载《太平洋学报》,2009年第1期,第52页。
①王文华：《海外高层次留学人才的管理：以济南市为例的研究》,山东大学硕士学位论文,2008年。
①滕玉成、俞宪忠：《公共部门人力资源管理》,中国人民大学出版社,2003年版,第1页。
②滕玉成、俞宪忠：《公共部门人力资源管理》,中国人民大学出版社,2003年版,第5页。
③工文华：《海外高层次留学人才的管理：以济南市为例的研究》,山东大学硕士论文,2008年,第12页。
④发达国家对外国人才的界定采用定性和定量相结合的办法。具体做法是：每年年初发布本年度外国人才引进需求目录,规定引进人才的专业、数量,并通过打分体系对申请人是否符合外国人才的条件进行评估确认。
①国家外国专家局：《中共中央、国务院关于引进国外智力以利四化建设的决定》,载《引进国外智力和外国专家工作法规文件汇编》,2003年,第5页。
②国家外国专家局,《“聘请外国专家确认件”管理办法》,载《引进国外智力和外国专家工作法规文件汇编》,2003年,第54页。
③中共中央、国务院关于进一步加强人才工作的决定”,《十六大以来重要文献选编》(上),中央文献出版社,2006年版,第633页。
[1]陈炜华.引进国外智力与社会经济发展[J].商业时代,2006,(36)：13-14.
[2]陈炜华.引进海外人才与智力取得辉煌成就——引进海外人才与智力25年综述[J].国际人才交流,2008,(6)：5-7.
[3]F.Strong,Maurice.外国专家角色在向和谐社会转型过程中的变化[J].国际人才交流,2009,(1)：16-17,64.
[4]黄俊.中部地区吸引海外人才和智力的优势[J].国际人才交流,2009(1).
[5]季允石.积极做好引进国外智力工作[J].国际人才交流,2008,(4)：22-23.
[6]纪玉山、王耀才.智力引进是增长方式转变的内在要求[J].长白学刊,1997,(2)：22-24.
[7]刘思安.试论可持续发展、智力与智力引进几个问题[J].高等教育研究,2003,(2)：33-35.
[8]袁旭东.积极引进国外智力促进经济社会又好又快发展[J].经济视角,2009,(3)：50-52.
[9]张建国.引进国外智力是改革开放的重要组成部分[J].国际人才交流,2009,2：35-36.
[10]子智.开创引智新局面[J].国际人才交流,2000,(12)：1.
[11]熊菲.经济全球化背景下专业化人力资本外流的问题研究[D].长沙：湖南师范大学,2008.
[12]卢超.中国人力资本与经济增长之间关系的研究[D].南京：河海大学,2007.
[13]国家外国专家局.部分国家和地区人才政策、人才及智力优势[M].北京,2008.
[14]国家外国专家局.改革开放30年引进国外智力工作回顾[M].北京,2009.
[15]国家外国专家局.十六大以来重要文献中关于引进国外智力工作的论述摘编[M].北京,2007.
[16]中共中共党校、国家外国专家局.邓小平论引进国外智力[M].1998.
[17]高文书.经济全球化下的国外人才引进策略研究[G]//潘晨光主编.中国人才前沿[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2007.
[18]国家外国专家局.中共中央、国务院关于引进国外智力以利四化建设的决定[G]//引进国外智力和外国专家工作法规文件汇编.北京,2003.
[19]顾玉清、吴志华.用科学发展观统领引智——访国家外国专家局局长万学远[N].人民日报,2005,12,29.
[20]中共国家外国专家局党组.坚持引进国外智力战略方针促进经济社会又好又快发展——改革开放以来引智工作的发展历程、显著成就及基本经验[N].光明日报，2008-12-31.