医务场所暴力调查及理论模型研制
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摘要
目前使用的工作场所暴力定义，最先由Wynne等提出并得到欧盟总部社会立法规范署认可，现已广泛使用并为大多数学者接受。即工作场所暴力是指：员工们在与他们工作相关的环境中遭受来自于外界或内部的对他们的安全、健康构成威胁的虐待、攻击、骚扰事件。
工作场所暴力作为一种职业危害因素广泛存在于各职业人群，现已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题，也是近几年国内、外职业卫生工作者的研究热点。从职业紧张和应激理论框架考虑，工作场所暴力是一种紧张源(应激源)，会引起紧张(应激)反应，从而影响受暴者的生理、心理功能及工作表现。因此为保护职业人群健康、预防工作场所暴力的发生，科学评价工作场所暴力的作用过程和不良后果有重要意义。
国外对工作场所暴力的研究已有几十年的历史，我国才刚刚起步，且大部分为发生率的调查，对职业人群遭受工作场所暴力的不良后果、影响因素做出评估并提出理论模型的研究尚未见报道。此次研究的目的是：参考国外工作场所暴力系列量表，结合国情研制适于我国职业人群的工作场所暴力量表并进行信度、效度检验；选择医院这一暴力高发场所，研究该场所暴力发生的流行病学特点及其危险因素；分析医务人员工作场所暴力恐惧、应对资源的特点；探讨工作场所暴力的发生对医务人员工作能力、工作满意度、离职意向的影响；提出并验证工作场所暴力理论模型。
此次研究首先参照Schat等工作场所暴力系列量表的条目与记分方法，结合课题组前期对多个职业人群的工作场所暴力调查结果分别制订工作场所暴力量表、暴力恐惧量表、暴力应对资源量表，并进行信度及效度检验。
The most widely used and accepted definition of workplace violence (or work-related violence) is that which has been accepted by the European Commission DG-V and adapted from Wynne etc, "incidents where (staff) are abused, threatened or assaulted in circumstances related to their work, involving an explicit or implicit challenge to their safety, well-being or health.
Workplace violence, as occupational hazard, extensively existing in many occupational situations, has become public health topic nowadays. It's also a concerning topic for domestic and abroad occupational hygienists in recent years. From the point of the theory frame of occupational stress, workplace violence is a kind of stressors. It can cause strain, and therefore impact the victim's physiological, mental health and work performance. So it is of great importance to evaluate the process of workplace violence and outcomes to improve workers' health and prevent workplace violence.
Workplace violence has been studied abroad for many years. However, there is not much report about workplace violence in China, and most of them are only prevalence record. There is few research on risk factors, consequence and theory model. The aims of this dissertation are to develop a workplace violence scale suitable for Chinese background according to those foreign scales and, to examine
工作场所暴力作为一种职业危害因素广泛存在于各职业人群，现已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题，也是近几年国内、外职业卫生工作者的研究热点。从职业紧张和应激理论框架考虑，工作场所暴力是一种紧张源(应激源)，会引起紧张(应激)反应，从而影响受暴者的生理、心理功能及工作表现。因此为保护职业人群健康、预防工作场所暴力的发生，科学评价工作场所暴力的作用过程和不良后果有重要意义。
国外对工作场所暴力的研究已有几十年的历史，我国才刚刚起步，且大部分为发生率的调查，对职业人群遭受工作场所暴力的不良后果、影响因素做出评估并提出理论模型的研究尚未见报道。此次研究的目的是：参考国外工作场所暴力系列量表，结合国情研制适于我国职业人群的工作场所暴力量表并进行信度、效度检验；选择医院这一暴力高发场所，研究该场所暴力发生的流行病学特点及其危险因素；分析医务人员工作场所暴力恐惧、应对资源的特点；探讨工作场所暴力的发生对医务人员工作能力、工作满意度、离职意向的影响；提出并验证工作场所暴力理论模型。
此次研究首先参照Schat等工作场所暴力系列量表的条目与记分方法，结合课题组前期对多个职业人群的工作场所暴力调查结果分别制订工作场所暴力量表、暴力恐惧量表、暴力应对资源量表，并进行信度及效度检验。
The most widely used and accepted definition of workplace violence (or work-related violence) is that which has been accepted by the European Commission DG-V and adapted from Wynne etc, "incidents where (staff) are abused, threatened or assaulted in circumstances related to their work, involving an explicit or implicit challenge to their safety, well-being or health.
Workplace violence, as occupational hazard, extensively existing in many occupational situations, has become public health topic nowadays. It's also a concerning topic for domestic and abroad occupational hygienists in recent years. From the point of the theory frame of occupational stress, workplace violence is a kind of stressors. It can cause strain, and therefore impact the victim's physiological, mental health and work performance. So it is of great importance to evaluate the process of workplace violence and outcomes to improve workers' health and prevent workplace violence.
Workplace violence has been studied abroad for many years. However, there is not much report about workplace violence in China, and most of them are only prevalence record. There is few research on risk factors, consequence and theory model. The aims of this dissertation are to develop a workplace violence scale suitable for Chinese background according to those foreign scales and, to examine
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