管棚钻机液压系统设计及动力头给进与回转回路仿真研究
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摘要
在地下隧道施工作业中,时常会碰到易破碎岩体等稳定性能差的地层,由此出现了管棚超前支护法,它在隧道施工中穿越软弱地层发挥了重要的作用。但是,目前国内还没有专用的管棚支护设备与之配套,工人都是用替代设备进行作业,不仅施工效率低、而且安全性差。但国外进口的专用管棚钻机的价格又非常昂贵,所以引进的数量有限,满足不了施工的需求。
本文综述了管棚钻机的发展现状,对国内外钻机性能进行了综合分析比较。针对管棚钻机液压系统存在的缺点与不足,开展了液压系统设计与仿真研究。主要内容如下：
(1)对管棚钻机钻进方法、机构动作、负载特性及目前典型的液压控制系统进行了详细的分析,在此基础上提出了钻进工艺对钻机液压系统设计的要求。
(2)设计了管棚钻机整机的液压系统,并重点分析了动力头给进回路、动力头回转回路、底盘行走回路,水泵供水回路。对主要回路使用的两负载敏感泵进行了选型,通过计算,证明所选液压泵符合使用要求。
(3)传统的钻机液压系统设计方法只对系统进行稳态分析、对系统的动态控制分析不足。本文利用AMESim仿真平台对动力头给进回路、回转回路进行了系统建模,设置模型中的主要参数,并进行动力学仿真。通过分析仿真结果,表明负载敏感液压控制系统满足施工要求。
In the underground tunnel construction operations, tunnels are excavated in areas of weak or difficult ground, So pipe roof method is invented, which is playing an important role in the process of passing through the soft ground. However, there is no special facility for the construction of pipe support, the workers are often operating with substitute equipments, which is inefficient and insecurity. The price of the special pipe roof drill imported from foreign country is very high, so the number of rigs is very small, which can't meet the needs of the construction.
This paper has given a detailed statement of the pipe roof drill's present developing situation, and analyzed the rigs at home and abroad. Aiming at the disadvantaged and deficiency of pipe roof drill's hydraulic system, the paper carried out the design and simulation of hydraulic system. The main content is as follows:
(a) This paper has given a detailed analysis of the method of drilling of pipe roof dril、body movement、load characteristics and the feature of typical hydraulic control system, then put forward the requirement of drilling for the design of hydraulic control system.
(b) Designed the hydraulic control system of the rig, and focused on analyzing the power pack rotating hydraulic circuit、the drill pipe feeding hydraulic circuit、the chassis walking hydraulic circuit and pump water circuit. Selected two load-sensitive pumps by calculating and analyzing, which is used in the core circuit.
(c) The traditional hydraulic system design method is only steady-state analysis, without enough dynamic control process. In this paper, with the help of hydraulic software—AMESim, created the rotating hydraulic circuit and feeding hydraulic circuit simulation model controlling. The main parameters of the model of the hydraulic system were set; and then the dynamics simulation of the hydraulic system was achieved, the simulation results indicated that the load-sensitive control system can meet the needs of construction.
本文综述了管棚钻机的发展现状,对国内外钻机性能进行了综合分析比较。针对管棚钻机液压系统存在的缺点与不足,开展了液压系统设计与仿真研究。主要内容如下：
(1)对管棚钻机钻进方法、机构动作、负载特性及目前典型的液压控制系统进行了详细的分析,在此基础上提出了钻进工艺对钻机液压系统设计的要求。
(2)设计了管棚钻机整机的液压系统,并重点分析了动力头给进回路、动力头回转回路、底盘行走回路,水泵供水回路。对主要回路使用的两负载敏感泵进行了选型,通过计算,证明所选液压泵符合使用要求。
(3)传统的钻机液压系统设计方法只对系统进行稳态分析、对系统的动态控制分析不足。本文利用AMESim仿真平台对动力头给进回路、回转回路进行了系统建模,设置模型中的主要参数,并进行动力学仿真。通过分析仿真结果,表明负载敏感液压控制系统满足施工要求。
In the underground tunnel construction operations, tunnels are excavated in areas of weak or difficult ground, So pipe roof method is invented, which is playing an important role in the process of passing through the soft ground. However, there is no special facility for the construction of pipe support, the workers are often operating with substitute equipments, which is inefficient and insecurity. The price of the special pipe roof drill imported from foreign country is very high, so the number of rigs is very small, which can't meet the needs of the construction.
This paper has given a detailed statement of the pipe roof drill's present developing situation, and analyzed the rigs at home and abroad. Aiming at the disadvantaged and deficiency of pipe roof drill's hydraulic system, the paper carried out the design and simulation of hydraulic system. The main content is as follows:
(a) This paper has given a detailed analysis of the method of drilling of pipe roof dril、body movement、load characteristics and the feature of typical hydraulic control system, then put forward the requirement of drilling for the design of hydraulic control system.
(b) Designed the hydraulic control system of the rig, and focused on analyzing the power pack rotating hydraulic circuit、the drill pipe feeding hydraulic circuit、the chassis walking hydraulic circuit and pump water circuit. Selected two load-sensitive pumps by calculating and analyzing, which is used in the core circuit.
(c) The traditional hydraulic system design method is only steady-state analysis, without enough dynamic control process. In this paper, with the help of hydraulic software—AMESim, created the rotating hydraulic circuit and feeding hydraulic circuit simulation model controlling. The main parameters of the model of the hydraulic system were set; and then the dynamics simulation of the hydraulic system was achieved, the simulation results indicated that the load-sensitive control system can meet the needs of construction.
引文
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[3]陈根锁.不良地质地段隧道开挖辅助施工技术研究.四川建筑,2007,27(6)：185-187
[4]冯德强.钻机设计.武汉：中国地质大学出版社,1993：302-304
[5]郭勇,潜孔钻机的应用现状与发展趋势.矿业快报,2008,24(4)：13-15
[6]黄华斌.管棚钻机掘进与行驶液压驱动系统研究：[硕士学位论文].西安：长安大学,2009
[7]鄢泰宁.应用微机监测系统随钻识别地层与孔内工况.探矿工程,1996,(5)：19-21
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[19]吴万荣,邹利民.潜孔钻机接卸钻杆装置分析.凿岩机械气动工具,2002,(1)：46-49
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[21]杨善国.液压锚杆钻机设计与研究：[博士学位论文].徐州：中国矿业大学,2009
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[24]Allen Myers. Controlling Variable Displacement Hydraulic Pumps for Energy Conservation. SAE 750807
[25]Duqiang Wu, Modeling and experimental evaluation of a load-sensing and pressure compensated hydraulic system. Ph.D Thesis, University of Saskatchewan, Ganada,2003.6
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[28]K.Dasgupta,R.Karmakar. Dynamic analysis of pilot operated pressure relief valve. Simulation Modeling Practice and Theory,2002, (10):35～49
[29]谭卓英.冲击回转式凿岩扭矩的计算与分析.矿业研究与开发,1993,13(4)：19-24
[30]高峰,潘双夏.液压挖掘机负流量负荷传感控制策略.农业机械学报,2005,36(7)：111-113
[31]王长江.当今挖掘机对液压系统的要求及液压系统的发展方向.工程机械与维修,1997,(1)：38-40
[32]夏家来,王玉斌.浅析液压系统的形式及评价.林业科技术报,2007, 39(3)：103
[33]蒋道成.小型挖掘机液压控制系统分析与仿真：[硕士学位论文].成都：西南交通大学,2008
[34]王炎.液压挖掘机负荷传感系统的仿真研究及节能分析：[硕士学位论文].长沙：中南大学,2009
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