高性能流态混凝土配合比设计研究
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摘要
混凝土商品化的发展,有利于采用集中化、工厂化的生产和管理技术,有利于改变现在经营分散、劳动强度大、低技术含量的经营状态。本文结合湖北阳逻长江大桥锚碇混凝土工程,对高性能流态混凝土进行了配合比确定及物理力学性能测试的试验研究,同时在流态混凝土的配制技术上,探索使用矿物掺合料的可行性,研究超细矿渣、粉煤灰、硅灰在配制流态混凝土中的作用,使流态混凝土能在更大范围内得以推广使用。具体研究内容如下:
1、高性能流态混凝土的配制技术研究
2、高性能流态混凝土的物理力学性能试验
3、配筋混凝土现场模拟试验
4、高性能流态混凝土的工程应用
The concrete material is use of world nowadays wide, the dosage one of the building materials of the biggest and modern engineering structure, since published in 1830 of in more than 170 calendars history, be the artificial material of the biggest, it behaved a development of society and progresses to do extremely important contribution.The concrete technique along stem the rigidity, half plastic , plastic arrives to flow the states to carry on the change, flowing the concrete of states is new direction of the concrete technique development.Because flowing the concrete of states to have many advantages, the United States, Japan, England, France, Canada, Norway etc. national capital will high flowing concrete conduct and actions to across the new material of century, throw in a great deal of manpower, material resources to carry on the research and developments.The our country and Euro-American and many nations is on the engineering one after another the research is applied.
This text is to pass in great quantities indoor experiment to is apply to study with engineering on the scene a kind of have low glue the degree, high fiowing, not despersion , not the leaving water of high performance flowing the concrete of states , to satisfy the demand of the modern construction.Study the high performance flowing concrete to prepare the technique and physics mechanics functions.Combine in flowing concrete to prepare the technique, investigate to use the mineral add to match the possibility for anticipate, study the super and thin mineral slag , powder ash from stove, silica ash at prepare to flow the function in the concrete of states , make flow the concrete of states and can expand the usage in the larger scope.
Indoor experiment the contents of research to have:Pass to the optimizationof the original material, choose to suit to flow the applied original material of concrete of states ;The high performance concrete matches to anticipate( fly ash, the thin mineral slags , silica ash) to be the gluey material( replace parts of cements) to join the concrete with the mineral add .Because the gluey material has the grounder lubrication function, tiny gather to anticipate the function, the volcano ash to respond the function etc., improved the work of the concrete, make strength, anti- clock , anti- jelly, the anti- causticity...etc. raise, but do the shrink and slowly to change to lower.Pass several add a quantity of the gluey material contrast experiment, make sure the best dosage of a gluey material;In order to develop the advantage of flow the states concrete high performance betterly, while preparing the high performance to flow the concrete of states adds the high-quality powder ash from stove and whets the thin mineral slags , the silica ash has the dispersion function to the cement grain, a quantity gluey material that is advantageous to mixing the concrete lately flows the concrete of states to try the kind, pass as to it's the function experiment and the physics mechanics function experiment to verify the mineral slags , powder ash from stove,silica ash in flowing concrete prepare function;Combine according to experiment the result to draw a curve diagram to analytical the influence flows the factor of the states concrete function.Thus decide to flow the concrete of states indoor experiment the match ratio.
Pass the convection states the concrete prepares the technique in great quantities indoor experiment after, combine the engineering physically in Wuhan Yang Luo Changjiang River big bridge workplace make use of the original material of the spot to start construction according to the spot the circumstance carried on the reinforced concrete to imitate to experiment on the scene, for sprinkle to build the Yang Luo big bridge in Cang Jiang River south tower anchor the inner pad wall the spot the construction decide to go together with than the backlog experience, south anchor man of big bridge in Chang Jiang River of the Yang Luo the anchor foundation the inner pad wall flow the concrete of states to start construction to start from January of 2004, lasting 5 months.The concrete mixsblend the adoption compulsory the type blends the station to carry on, pass the concrete mixer truck and will flow the concrete of states to deliver to the construction the spot, then pass pump send or slip away the slot to go into the camalig directly, the concrete cuts through the reinforcing bar but fills with the whole camalig to face through the oneself gravity, the whole process did not carry on the artificial to flap .Was dismantle by two divas mold, the concrete surface is neat and smooth, there are no beehive or roughs face, practicing the certificate to flowing concrete construction quantity good, get the approbation of the supervisor and the owner unit.Carry on the economic performance analysis for the sake of the convection states concrete, the adoption contrast method convection states concrete and common concretes carry on cost's check, computing to sign the square rice concrete cost to carry on the comparison each time.Because the adoption flowing concrete construction, speeding the work period consumedly, completing the whole construction of inner pad concrete in 5 months, going forward to go the scaleboard concrete to sprinkle to note to provide the beneficial guarantee for the flood season, carrying out the basal and safe cross fiood season of the anchor .And flowing concrete while start construction don't need to vibrate , can economize the labor force, and make start construction the work period to speed consumedly, insuring the concrete at the same time construction quantity, decrease the concrete blemish, reduced to repair the engineering and repair from now on the expenses.Therefore flowing concrete at is under construction to have the obvious advantage to the concrete of the special part, the expansion that flowing concrete has the very greatly economic performance and social performances.Thus verified the high performance flowing concrete in the under construction applicability, possibility and economies.
Practice the certificate to flowing concrete construction quantity good, can economize the labor force, lower to build the price, and make start construction the work period to shorten consumedly. Satisfied the demand of the modern construction, adapt the concrete to commercialize the need of the development,change to labor the strength management appearance of the big and low technique content.Expand and studied the high performance to flow the states concrete backlog for the aftertime precious experience, and provide the reference and demonstrate the function.Concrete conclusion is as follows:
1. The sour salt of the ammonia reduces CAN of water to reduce 25% of the water rate efficiently above, and have to collapse to fall one degree loss small, have no rust eclipse to the reinforcing bar, with the cement adaptability good etc. characteristics, be suitable for to prepare very much high flow the concrete of states .The adoption reduces CAN of water add to measure for 0.8%～1.5% of efficiently.
2. Prepare of flow the concrete of states , and easy good, glue gather sex good, the fluxion degree is big, flowing the speed quick, don't leave despersion , not leaving water, the physics mechanics function is good, the anti- press the strength(28 days) and can amount to the 30-80 MPas.The beginning starts the function index sign: flow the 50 cm time as 8 seconds or so, the funnel flow time 9 seconds or so, filling the density>95%; The 90 mins expands 65 soils 5 cmses of degree behind, flowing time of the 50 cm the l0 seconds is or so, the funnel flow time ll seconds or so, filling the density>90%, satisfy the construction request completely.
3. Flowing concrete work function, strength, durable for the improvement, prepare the high performance to flow hour of the states concrete should the add just the right amount of high-quality powder ash from stove and whet the thin mineral slag .The adding powder ash from stove and the mineral slags not only can prepare a mobility like, glue to gather sex to like of flow the concrete of states , and can but also raise the concrete impermeabilitg crack.Besides the powder ash from stove source is extensive, price opposite cheapness, is to prepare to flow the economic practical hybrid material of the states concrete.
4. Because the slica ash has the stronger volcano ash to respond the activity, the particle fills sex, the interface effect, joining the concrete to not only abilityobvious exaltation concrete behind expect the strength, and can but also raise the impermeabilitg crack function of the concrete.So while preparing the high performance to flowing concrete add just the right amount of slica ash is necessary.
5. Flowing concrete thick aggregate a path proper and small in 25 mms.Because a path stone anticipates the ratio to anticipate the surface with the granule path class of the weight to accumulate small, it straches with sand of glue and knot the area correspond small, glue to knot the dint low, and the concrete is all the quality bad.
The high performance flowing concrete adapts developmentth of the concrete commercialize, be advantageous to the adoption concentration turn, the factory turn of production and the management technique, be advantageous to the change conducts the dispersion, the labor strength now big, low technique content of management appearance;Adapted the technical development direction of concrete, be advantageous to the durable that raises the concrete and work sex and the physical volume stability, be advantageous to the technique content that original material of exaltation produce, and rise to push the function to the development of the related industry.Therefore should research to manufacture and expand the high performance flowing concrete strongly.
1、高性能流态混凝土的配制技术研究
2、高性能流态混凝土的物理力学性能试验
3、配筋混凝土现场模拟试验
4、高性能流态混凝土的工程应用
The concrete material is use of world nowadays wide, the dosage one of the building materials of the biggest and modern engineering structure, since published in 1830 of in more than 170 calendars history, be the artificial material of the biggest, it behaved a development of society and progresses to do extremely important contribution.The concrete technique along stem the rigidity, half plastic , plastic arrives to flow the states to carry on the change, flowing the concrete of states is new direction of the concrete technique development.Because flowing the concrete of states to have many advantages, the United States, Japan, England, France, Canada, Norway etc. national capital will high flowing concrete conduct and actions to across the new material of century, throw in a great deal of manpower, material resources to carry on the research and developments.The our country and Euro-American and many nations is on the engineering one after another the research is applied.
This text is to pass in great quantities indoor experiment to is apply to study with engineering on the scene a kind of have low glue the degree, high fiowing, not despersion , not the leaving water of high performance flowing the concrete of states , to satisfy the demand of the modern construction.Study the high performance flowing concrete to prepare the technique and physics mechanics functions.Combine in flowing concrete to prepare the technique, investigate to use the mineral add to match the possibility for anticipate, study the super and thin mineral slag , powder ash from stove, silica ash at prepare to flow the function in the concrete of states , make flow the concrete of states and can expand the usage in the larger scope.
Indoor experiment the contents of research to have:Pass to the optimizationof the original material, choose to suit to flow the applied original material of concrete of states ;The high performance concrete matches to anticipate( fly ash, the thin mineral slags , silica ash) to be the gluey material( replace parts of cements) to join the concrete with the mineral add .Because the gluey material has the grounder lubrication function, tiny gather to anticipate the function, the volcano ash to respond the function etc., improved the work of the concrete, make strength, anti- clock , anti- jelly, the anti- causticity...etc. raise, but do the shrink and slowly to change to lower.Pass several add a quantity of the gluey material contrast experiment, make sure the best dosage of a gluey material;In order to develop the advantage of flow the states concrete high performance betterly, while preparing the high performance to flow the concrete of states adds the high-quality powder ash from stove and whets the thin mineral slags , the silica ash has the dispersion function to the cement grain, a quantity gluey material that is advantageous to mixing the concrete lately flows the concrete of states to try the kind, pass as to it's the function experiment and the physics mechanics function experiment to verify the mineral slags , powder ash from stove,silica ash in flowing concrete prepare function;Combine according to experiment the result to draw a curve diagram to analytical the influence flows the factor of the states concrete function.Thus decide to flow the concrete of states indoor experiment the match ratio.
Pass the convection states the concrete prepares the technique in great quantities indoor experiment after, combine the engineering physically in Wuhan Yang Luo Changjiang River big bridge workplace make use of the original material of the spot to start construction according to the spot the circumstance carried on the reinforced concrete to imitate to experiment on the scene, for sprinkle to build the Yang Luo big bridge in Cang Jiang River south tower anchor the inner pad wall the spot the construction decide to go together with than the backlog experience, south anchor man of big bridge in Chang Jiang River of the Yang Luo the anchor foundation the inner pad wall flow the concrete of states to start construction to start from January of 2004, lasting 5 months.The concrete mixsblend the adoption compulsory the type blends the station to carry on, pass the concrete mixer truck and will flow the concrete of states to deliver to the construction the spot, then pass pump send or slip away the slot to go into the camalig directly, the concrete cuts through the reinforcing bar but fills with the whole camalig to face through the oneself gravity, the whole process did not carry on the artificial to flap .Was dismantle by two divas mold, the concrete surface is neat and smooth, there are no beehive or roughs face, practicing the certificate to flowing concrete construction quantity good, get the approbation of the supervisor and the owner unit.Carry on the economic performance analysis for the sake of the convection states concrete, the adoption contrast method convection states concrete and common concretes carry on cost's check, computing to sign the square rice concrete cost to carry on the comparison each time.Because the adoption flowing concrete construction, speeding the work period consumedly, completing the whole construction of inner pad concrete in 5 months, going forward to go the scaleboard concrete to sprinkle to note to provide the beneficial guarantee for the flood season, carrying out the basal and safe cross fiood season of the anchor .And flowing concrete while start construction don't need to vibrate , can economize the labor force, and make start construction the work period to speed consumedly, insuring the concrete at the same time construction quantity, decrease the concrete blemish, reduced to repair the engineering and repair from now on the expenses.Therefore flowing concrete at is under construction to have the obvious advantage to the concrete of the special part, the expansion that flowing concrete has the very greatly economic performance and social performances.Thus verified the high performance flowing concrete in the under construction applicability, possibility and economies.
Practice the certificate to flowing concrete construction quantity good, can economize the labor force, lower to build the price, and make start construction the work period to shorten consumedly. Satisfied the demand of the modern construction, adapt the concrete to commercialize the need of the development,change to labor the strength management appearance of the big and low technique content.Expand and studied the high performance to flow the states concrete backlog for the aftertime precious experience, and provide the reference and demonstrate the function.Concrete conclusion is as follows:
1. The sour salt of the ammonia reduces CAN of water to reduce 25% of the water rate efficiently above, and have to collapse to fall one degree loss small, have no rust eclipse to the reinforcing bar, with the cement adaptability good etc. characteristics, be suitable for to prepare very much high flow the concrete of states .The adoption reduces CAN of water add to measure for 0.8%～1.5% of efficiently.
2. Prepare of flow the concrete of states , and easy good, glue gather sex good, the fluxion degree is big, flowing the speed quick, don't leave despersion , not leaving water, the physics mechanics function is good, the anti- press the strength(28 days) and can amount to the 30-80 MPas.The beginning starts the function index sign: flow the 50 cm time as 8 seconds or so, the funnel flow time 9 seconds or so, filling the density>95%; The 90 mins expands 65 soils 5 cmses of degree behind, flowing time of the 50 cm the l0 seconds is or so, the funnel flow time ll seconds or so, filling the density>90%, satisfy the construction request completely.
3. Flowing concrete work function, strength, durable for the improvement, prepare the high performance to flow hour of the states concrete should the add just the right amount of high-quality powder ash from stove and whet the thin mineral slag .The adding powder ash from stove and the mineral slags not only can prepare a mobility like, glue to gather sex to like of flow the concrete of states , and can but also raise the concrete impermeabilitg crack.Besides the powder ash from stove source is extensive, price opposite cheapness, is to prepare to flow the economic practical hybrid material of the states concrete.
4. Because the slica ash has the stronger volcano ash to respond the activity, the particle fills sex, the interface effect, joining the concrete to not only abilityobvious exaltation concrete behind expect the strength, and can but also raise the impermeabilitg crack function of the concrete.So while preparing the high performance to flowing concrete add just the right amount of slica ash is necessary.
5. Flowing concrete thick aggregate a path proper and small in 25 mms.Because a path stone anticipates the ratio to anticipate the surface with the granule path class of the weight to accumulate small, it straches with sand of glue and knot the area correspond small, glue to knot the dint low, and the concrete is all the quality bad.
The high performance flowing concrete adapts developmentth of the concrete commercialize, be advantageous to the adoption concentration turn, the factory turn of production and the management technique, be advantageous to the change conducts the dispersion, the labor strength now big, low technique content of management appearance;Adapted the technical development direction of concrete, be advantageous to the durable that raises the concrete and work sex and the physical volume stability, be advantageous to the technique content that original material of exaltation produce, and rise to push the function to the development of the related industry.Therefore should research to manufacture and expand the high performance flowing concrete strongly.
引文
[1] 张蔚. 略谈混凝土材料的新进展.福建建设科技.2002.4
[2] 王子明、王志宏等. 高性能流态混凝土的研究与应用.中国建材科技.2000.3
[3] 冯乃谦.流态混凝土.北京:中国铁道出版社.1988.12
[4] 谷章昭、吴学礼等.高流态粉煤灰混凝土.粉煤灰综合利用.2000.01
[5] 任铭、倪军.高流态混凝土技术及应用.四川水利发电.2005.12
[6] 混凝土外加剂匀质性试验方法(GB8077-2000).中国标准出版社.2000
[7] 汪文生、马伊岷、洪镝.高流态混凝土在公伯峡水电站应用.水利水电技术.2004.9
[8] 张洪良.粉煤灰对高性能泵送混凝土的影响.粉煤灰综合利用.1998.3
[9] 冯乃谦.超细粉煤灰对水泥浆体的硫化及增强效应.混凝土与水泥制品.1997.2
[10] 沈旦申.我国粉煤灰利用技术及可持续发展.建筑材料学报.1998.01
[11] 刘治德. 李子沟特大桥超百米高墩自流态混凝土施工试验控制.桥梁.2002.1
[12] 胡世德.国内外近年高层建筑的发展及所采用的施工技术.建筑技术.1999.11
[13] 郑建岚.现代混凝土结构技术.人民交通出版社,1999.8
[14] 杨明全.流态混凝土的配合比设计.铁道建筑技术. 1998.4
[15] 吴世勇.高流态混凝土机理及在某工程中的应用. 山西建筑.2002.1
[16] 冯乃谦.高性能混凝土.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1996
[17] 王东阳、陈淑贤 . 流态混凝土高效减水剂 CAN 与水泥的适应性. 长安大学学报.2005.5
[18] 日本土木协会. 自密实混凝土施工与设计指南
[19] 刘金山、孙建明.高流态混凝土在三峡工程中的应用.工程建设.2002.01
[20] 孙晓虎、张晓光、孙静.高性能流态混凝土配合比设计注意事项.混凝土.2006.8
[21] 王雪芳、郑建岚、李勇 .粉煤灰对高流态混凝土抗裂性能的影响.福州大学学报.2005.10
[22] Lee H K, Lee K M,Kim B G.Autogenous shrinkage of high-performance concrete containing fly ash[J]. Magazine of concrete research,2003.55(6):507-515
[23] Cengiz Duran Atis .High-volume fly ash concrete with high strength and low drying shrinkage[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2003.15(2);153-156
[24] 巴恒静、高小建.约束条件下高性能混凝土的早期开裂. 混凝土. 2002.5
[25] 硅灰对 150MPa 超高强高流态混凝土的强度及流动性的贡献.混凝土与水泥制品.2000.1
[26] 蒲心诚.高强与高性能混凝土中火山灰效应得数值分析方法.混凝土.1998.6
[27] 甘新平. CRJ 超缓凝减水剂再黄石长江大桥中的应用.混凝土于水泥制品.1995.2
[28] 蒲心诚、严吴南、王冲等. 粉煤灰超高强高性能混凝土及其火山灰效应研究.粉煤灰.1999.4
[29] 陈建奎.混凝土外加剂远离及应用.北京:中国计划出版社.1998
[30] 欧阳辉、丁茜、朱冠美.流态混凝土的试验研究. 2000.10
[31] 吴中伟. 高性能混凝土及其矿物细掺料. 建筑技术,1999.3.
[32] 王边、高建明、朱亚菲、周典生.矿渣微粉对混凝土强度和耐久性影响. 混凝土与水泥制品,1996.5.
[33] 陈文怡、赵素铃. 粉煤灰混凝土的研究进展.武汉工业大学学报.1999.3.
[34] 张雄.高性能混凝土矿渣复合掺和料的特性与作用机理.混凝土与水泥制品.1997.3
[35] 陈翠红、王元等.大流态混凝土早期裂缝原因分析及控制措施.混凝土.2003.5
[36] 杨彤、崔大治.流态混凝土裂缝产生的原因及处理措施.辽宁建材技术革新.2000.1
[37] 康小恒.流态混凝土技术性能简析.池洲师专学报.2005.6
[38] 李振标.粉煤灰高性能混凝土在龙湖大桥的应用.科技咨询导报.2006.9
[2] 王子明、王志宏等. 高性能流态混凝土的研究与应用.中国建材科技.2000.3
[3] 冯乃谦.流态混凝土.北京:中国铁道出版社.1988.12
[4] 谷章昭、吴学礼等.高流态粉煤灰混凝土.粉煤灰综合利用.2000.01
[5] 任铭、倪军.高流态混凝土技术及应用.四川水利发电.2005.12
[6] 混凝土外加剂匀质性试验方法(GB8077-2000).中国标准出版社.2000
[7] 汪文生、马伊岷、洪镝.高流态混凝土在公伯峡水电站应用.水利水电技术.2004.9
[8] 张洪良.粉煤灰对高性能泵送混凝土的影响.粉煤灰综合利用.1998.3
[9] 冯乃谦.超细粉煤灰对水泥浆体的硫化及增强效应.混凝土与水泥制品.1997.2
[10] 沈旦申.我国粉煤灰利用技术及可持续发展.建筑材料学报.1998.01
[11] 刘治德. 李子沟特大桥超百米高墩自流态混凝土施工试验控制.桥梁.2002.1
[12] 胡世德.国内外近年高层建筑的发展及所采用的施工技术.建筑技术.1999.11
[13] 郑建岚.现代混凝土结构技术.人民交通出版社,1999.8
[14] 杨明全.流态混凝土的配合比设计.铁道建筑技术. 1998.4
[15] 吴世勇.高流态混凝土机理及在某工程中的应用. 山西建筑.2002.1
[16] 冯乃谦.高性能混凝土.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1996
[17] 王东阳、陈淑贤 . 流态混凝土高效减水剂 CAN 与水泥的适应性. 长安大学学报.2005.5
[18] 日本土木协会. 自密实混凝土施工与设计指南
[19] 刘金山、孙建明.高流态混凝土在三峡工程中的应用.工程建设.2002.01
[20] 孙晓虎、张晓光、孙静.高性能流态混凝土配合比设计注意事项.混凝土.2006.8
[21] 王雪芳、郑建岚、李勇 .粉煤灰对高流态混凝土抗裂性能的影响.福州大学学报.2005.10
[22] Lee H K, Lee K M,Kim B G.Autogenous shrinkage of high-performance concrete containing fly ash[J]. Magazine of concrete research,2003.55(6):507-515
[23] Cengiz Duran Atis .High-volume fly ash concrete with high strength and low drying shrinkage[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2003.15(2);153-156
[24] 巴恒静、高小建.约束条件下高性能混凝土的早期开裂. 混凝土. 2002.5
[25] 硅灰对 150MPa 超高强高流态混凝土的强度及流动性的贡献.混凝土与水泥制品.2000.1
[26] 蒲心诚.高强与高性能混凝土中火山灰效应得数值分析方法.混凝土.1998.6
[27] 甘新平. CRJ 超缓凝减水剂再黄石长江大桥中的应用.混凝土于水泥制品.1995.2
[28] 蒲心诚、严吴南、王冲等. 粉煤灰超高强高性能混凝土及其火山灰效应研究.粉煤灰.1999.4
[29] 陈建奎.混凝土外加剂远离及应用.北京:中国计划出版社.1998
[30] 欧阳辉、丁茜、朱冠美.流态混凝土的试验研究. 2000.10
[31] 吴中伟. 高性能混凝土及其矿物细掺料. 建筑技术,1999.3.
[32] 王边、高建明、朱亚菲、周典生.矿渣微粉对混凝土强度和耐久性影响. 混凝土与水泥制品,1996.5.
[33] 陈文怡、赵素铃. 粉煤灰混凝土的研究进展.武汉工业大学学报.1999.3.
[34] 张雄.高性能混凝土矿渣复合掺和料的特性与作用机理.混凝土与水泥制品.1997.3
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