滚道存放型立体停车设备中滚道上车辆横移阻力的分析与计算
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摘要
乘用车辆滚道存放是一种停车的新方法、新技术。滚道存放型机械式停车设备具有存容量大占地小、结构简单造价低、存取车辆时间短、运行可靠等特点,在国内有很好的推广应用前景。
1.提出了全文的研究问题。存取车辆过程中,车辆在搬运器与存车区上的无动力托放滚道之间横向移动,需要借助作动器的推力或拉力。横向推动车辆所需推力的大小是选择电机减速器的主要依据。
2.通过对车辆在滚道上横移过程中轮胎胎面与滚柱接触时力学特性的分析,建立此运动与弹性带传动之间的联系,借助轮胎胎面与滚柱之间运动的欧拉效应,推导出计算推力的基本公式。
3.对某型轿车轮胎结构进行简化,建立了基于滚道接触的子午线轮胎模型,借助有限元分析软件ANSYS11.0,在车辆重力载荷、充气压力等工况下,进行轮胎与滚道的静力学仿真分析研究,得出轮胎与滚柱接触区域的形变情况,并由此计算出轮胎胎面与滚柱接触时产生的圆形压角大小。
4.根据有限元分析得出的结果,进行实际推力的近似计算,并进行适当的系数修正。
Roller-path parking is a new method and a new technology of parking. It owns the following advantages: large capacity, small footprint, simple structure, low cost,short access time, and excellent reliability. In China it has very good prospects for the popularization and application.
1. Introduced the main study target of this thesis. The period of storing and accessing to the vehicles, the lateral movement of vehicles in non-powered roller between the handling device and the parking area needs the use of actuators to push or pull. Horizontal force to move the vehicle is the main basis to choose motors reducers.
2. Through the analysis of the dynamic properties of the tire tread and roller in contact in the process of traversing in the roller-path, the linkage between the elastic belt drive and this movement is established. The basic formula for calculating the force is derived by reason of the Euler effect between the tire tread and roller.
3. A simplified structure of a tire is used, and the model of a radial tire based on roller contact is established. By use of finite element analysis software ANSYS11.0, this thesis investigates the statics between the tire and the roller by simulation in loads and air pressure. Finally, we get the characteristics of the tire and roller contacting area of deformation, and thus calculate the tire tread pressure angle when the tire rests on the roller.
4. According to finite element analysis results, the actual thrust is approximate calculated, some proper amendments in the coefficient should be made.
1.提出了全文的研究问题。存取车辆过程中,车辆在搬运器与存车区上的无动力托放滚道之间横向移动,需要借助作动器的推力或拉力。横向推动车辆所需推力的大小是选择电机减速器的主要依据。
2.通过对车辆在滚道上横移过程中轮胎胎面与滚柱接触时力学特性的分析,建立此运动与弹性带传动之间的联系,借助轮胎胎面与滚柱之间运动的欧拉效应,推导出计算推力的基本公式。
3.对某型轿车轮胎结构进行简化,建立了基于滚道接触的子午线轮胎模型,借助有限元分析软件ANSYS11.0,在车辆重力载荷、充气压力等工况下,进行轮胎与滚道的静力学仿真分析研究,得出轮胎与滚柱接触区域的形变情况,并由此计算出轮胎胎面与滚柱接触时产生的圆形压角大小。
4.根据有限元分析得出的结果,进行实际推力的近似计算,并进行适当的系数修正。
Roller-path parking is a new method and a new technology of parking. It owns the following advantages: large capacity, small footprint, simple structure, low cost,short access time, and excellent reliability. In China it has very good prospects for the popularization and application.
1. Introduced the main study target of this thesis. The period of storing and accessing to the vehicles, the lateral movement of vehicles in non-powered roller between the handling device and the parking area needs the use of actuators to push or pull. Horizontal force to move the vehicle is the main basis to choose motors reducers.
2. Through the analysis of the dynamic properties of the tire tread and roller in contact in the process of traversing in the roller-path, the linkage between the elastic belt drive and this movement is established. The basic formula for calculating the force is derived by reason of the Euler effect between the tire tread and roller.
3. A simplified structure of a tire is used, and the model of a radial tire based on roller contact is established. By use of finite element analysis software ANSYS11.0, this thesis investigates the statics between the tire and the roller by simulation in loads and air pressure. Finally, we get the characteristics of the tire and roller contacting area of deformation, and thus calculate the tire tread pressure angle when the tire rests on the roller.
4. According to finite element analysis results, the actual thrust is approximate calculated, some proper amendments in the coefficient should be made.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国机械工业部.机械行业标准:机械式停车设备类别、型式与基本参数[JB].1998.03.19
[2]任伯淼、王义彬、万力等.机械行业标准:巷道堆垛类机械式停车设备[JB]P/T 10474-2004.北京:中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会,2005.04.01
[3]檀连山,程晓鸣.搬运器带有取送装置的滚道存放停车设备及其应用[J].起重运输机械,2007(9):29～33
[4]刘连润,程晓鸣.双层搬运器滚道存放型停车库及其运行控制[J].工业工程与管理,2005(增刊):211～214
[5]程晓鸣.双层搬运器的双车位滚道存放停车设备.发明专利.中国申请号: CN200510024790.8
[6]张刚,孟如.巷道堆垛类机械式停车系统[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2005 (3):37～39
[7] Teodorovic Dusan,Lucic Panta. Intelligent parking systems[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2006.v 175(n 3):1666～1681
[8] Michael C,Jackson. Systems Methodology for the Management Scienhces. New York and London: plenum press,July 1993
[9] Blanchard Benjamin S,Fabrychy Wolter J. Systems engineering and analysis[J].4th.New Jersey USA. Pearson Education.Inc.,2006:161～361
[10] MORIOKA.Multi-storey type parallel parking appts for building. Invention Patent. Tokyo,Japan,JP8193430-A
[11] Kaga H,Okamoto K and tozawa Y. Stress analysis of a tire under vertical load by a finite element method[J]. Tire Science and Technology,1977:5(2):102～118
[12] Keeny R H,Radial. Truck tire inflation analysis theory and experient[J]. Rubber Chemistry and Technology, 1981:54
[13] Ridha R.A,Satyamurthy K and Hirschfelt L.R. Finite element modeling of homogenous pneumatic tire subjected to footprint loading[J]. Tire Science and Technology, 1985.54
[14] Sakai H. Theoretical and experimental studies on the dynamic properties of tyres.3.Calculation of the six components of and moment of a tyre[J]. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 1981,2(3)
[15] Tseng N.T,Pelle R.G.and Warholic T.C. Finite element simulation of destructive tire testing[J]. Tire Science and Technology, 1991. 19(1)
[16]程晓鸣,叶庆泰,张惠侨.辊道存放型机械式停车设备结构形式[J].起重运输机械,2000(4):23～25
[17]程晓鸣.双层搬运器的三车位滚道存放停车设备.发明专利.中国申请号: CN200510024789.5
[18]于文,程晓鸣.多层平面移动式滚道存放停车设备[J].起重运输机械,2005 (12):21-23
[19]金敏光,程晓鸣.双车位滚道存放机械式停车设备及其运行控制[J].起重运输机械, 2006(12):26～28
[20]何晓玫等.低断面轿车子午线轮胎PDEP设计理论[J].橡胶工业,1995, 42(2):67-71
[21]王登祥,Tim Fry.轮胎有限元研究(FEA)进展及应用成果[J].轮胎工业, 1998,18(7)
[22]蒋轩,郑慕侨.负重轮橡胶轮缘有限元分析及力学特性拟合[J].北京理工大学学报,2000,20(3)
[23]阎相桥.稳态滚动轮胎的有限元分析模型[J].复合材料学报,2001,18(4)
[24]薛小香.子午线轮胎稳态滚动有限元分析[J].橡胶工业,2005年52卷7期
[25]缪红燕,徐鸿.子午线轮胎的有限元分析[J].轮胎工业,2001, 21(2):16～20
[26]张鹏.子午线轮胎的三维有限分析和侧偏特性性能的研究[D].合肥工业大学,2004
[27]张红军,薛隆泉.子午线轮胎接触滑移的有限元分析[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2004,06
[28]丁剑平,俞淇等.在微机上进行三维非线性有限元分析的几个问题[J].轮胎工业,1997,17(1):13-16
[29]陈芳.基于rebar单元的载重子午胎有限元分析[D].江苏大学,2007
[30]罗善明,余以道,郭迎福.带传动理论与新型带传动[M].国防工业出版社,2006
[31]温诗铸.摩擦学原理[M].清华大学出版社,1990
[32]徐伟,寇子明,李元元.带式输送机张紧装置的张紧力计算[J].煤矿机电,2005
[33]季庸正,王慧生.带式输送机系统的设计与设备选型[J].新世纪水泥导报, 2005,06
[34]机械设计手册4(第2版)[M].第33篇:带传动和链传动,1987
[35]徐溥滋.带传动[M].机械工业出版社,1988
[36]庄继德.汽车轮胎学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1996
[37]余志生.汽车理论(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1989
[38]郭孔辉,刘青,丁国峰.载荷和胎压对轮胎包容特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,1998,14(3)
[39]王吉忠.建立轮胎有限元结构分析模型应注意的问题[J].轮胎工业, 2002.22:202～204
[40] ANSYS Theory Reference Release. ANSYS,Inc.
[41] ANSYS Help System. ANSYS,Inc.
[42]王华庆.斜交轮胎静态接地工况的有限元分析[J].北京化工大学学报,2002,29(5)
[43]徐芝纶.弹性力学[M].高等教育出版社,1990(3)
[2]任伯淼、王义彬、万力等.机械行业标准:巷道堆垛类机械式停车设备[JB]P/T 10474-2004.北京:中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会,2005.04.01
[3]檀连山,程晓鸣.搬运器带有取送装置的滚道存放停车设备及其应用[J].起重运输机械,2007(9):29～33
[4]刘连润,程晓鸣.双层搬运器滚道存放型停车库及其运行控制[J].工业工程与管理,2005(增刊):211～214
[5]程晓鸣.双层搬运器的双车位滚道存放停车设备.发明专利.中国申请号: CN200510024790.8
[6]张刚,孟如.巷道堆垛类机械式停车系统[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2005 (3):37～39
[7] Teodorovic Dusan,Lucic Panta. Intelligent parking systems[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2006.v 175(n 3):1666～1681
[8] Michael C,Jackson. Systems Methodology for the Management Scienhces. New York and London: plenum press,July 1993
[9] Blanchard Benjamin S,Fabrychy Wolter J. Systems engineering and analysis[J].4th.New Jersey USA. Pearson Education.Inc.,2006:161～361
[10] MORIOKA.Multi-storey type parallel parking appts for building. Invention Patent. Tokyo,Japan,JP8193430-A
[11] Kaga H,Okamoto K and tozawa Y. Stress analysis of a tire under vertical load by a finite element method[J]. Tire Science and Technology,1977:5(2):102～118
[12] Keeny R H,Radial. Truck tire inflation analysis theory and experient[J]. Rubber Chemistry and Technology, 1981:54
[13] Ridha R.A,Satyamurthy K and Hirschfelt L.R. Finite element modeling of homogenous pneumatic tire subjected to footprint loading[J]. Tire Science and Technology, 1985.54
[14] Sakai H. Theoretical and experimental studies on the dynamic properties of tyres.3.Calculation of the six components of and moment of a tyre[J]. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 1981,2(3)
[15] Tseng N.T,Pelle R.G.and Warholic T.C. Finite element simulation of destructive tire testing[J]. Tire Science and Technology, 1991. 19(1)
[16]程晓鸣,叶庆泰,张惠侨.辊道存放型机械式停车设备结构形式[J].起重运输机械,2000(4):23～25
[17]程晓鸣.双层搬运器的三车位滚道存放停车设备.发明专利.中国申请号: CN200510024789.5
[18]于文,程晓鸣.多层平面移动式滚道存放停车设备[J].起重运输机械,2005 (12):21-23
[19]金敏光,程晓鸣.双车位滚道存放机械式停车设备及其运行控制[J].起重运输机械, 2006(12):26～28
[20]何晓玫等.低断面轿车子午线轮胎PDEP设计理论[J].橡胶工业,1995, 42(2):67-71
[21]王登祥,Tim Fry.轮胎有限元研究(FEA)进展及应用成果[J].轮胎工业, 1998,18(7)
[22]蒋轩,郑慕侨.负重轮橡胶轮缘有限元分析及力学特性拟合[J].北京理工大学学报,2000,20(3)
[23]阎相桥.稳态滚动轮胎的有限元分析模型[J].复合材料学报,2001,18(4)
[24]薛小香.子午线轮胎稳态滚动有限元分析[J].橡胶工业,2005年52卷7期
[25]缪红燕,徐鸿.子午线轮胎的有限元分析[J].轮胎工业,2001, 21(2):16～20
[26]张鹏.子午线轮胎的三维有限分析和侧偏特性性能的研究[D].合肥工业大学,2004
[27]张红军,薛隆泉.子午线轮胎接触滑移的有限元分析[J].拖拉机与农用运输车,2004,06
[28]丁剑平,俞淇等.在微机上进行三维非线性有限元分析的几个问题[J].轮胎工业,1997,17(1):13-16
[29]陈芳.基于rebar单元的载重子午胎有限元分析[D].江苏大学,2007
[30]罗善明,余以道,郭迎福.带传动理论与新型带传动[M].国防工业出版社,2006
[31]温诗铸.摩擦学原理[M].清华大学出版社,1990
[32]徐伟,寇子明,李元元.带式输送机张紧装置的张紧力计算[J].煤矿机电,2005
[33]季庸正,王慧生.带式输送机系统的设计与设备选型[J].新世纪水泥导报, 2005,06
[34]机械设计手册4(第2版)[M].第33篇:带传动和链传动,1987
[35]徐溥滋.带传动[M].机械工业出版社,1988
[36]庄继德.汽车轮胎学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1996
[37]余志生.汽车理论(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1989
[38]郭孔辉,刘青,丁国峰.载荷和胎压对轮胎包容特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,1998,14(3)
[39]王吉忠.建立轮胎有限元结构分析模型应注意的问题[J].轮胎工业, 2002.22:202～204
[40] ANSYS Theory Reference Release. ANSYS,Inc.
[41] ANSYS Help System. ANSYS,Inc.
[42]王华庆.斜交轮胎静态接地工况的有限元分析[J].北京化工大学学报,2002,29(5)
[43]徐芝纶.弹性力学[M].高等教育出版社,1990(3)