射干麻黄汤治疗寒饮郁肺证的研究
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摘要
研究背景:呼吸系统疾病如气喘,支气管炎是现今常见的问题,尤其吸烟人口众多,空气污染严重的环境,多痰性的咳嗽更是常见,高雄位处亚热带台湾南部,由于常年天热,冰品、冷饮、冷气、空调,长时间频繁的使用,造成体质的改变,再加上西医大量的使用寒凉剂(退烧药,抗生素)于外感咳嗽,因此临床上咳嗽痰多,缠绵日久也就成为常见且非常困扰西医的头痛问题。
     理论依据:在理论方面,考察古代文献有关“痰”、“饮”在中国医学发展过程观念的演变及相关论述,综合古今医家对于“痰”、“饮”的描述,“稠浊者为痰,清稀者为饮”,痰和饮皆为水液代谢障碍所形成的病理产物,在病因病机方面,“痰为火燥,阳盛阴虚者则水液煎熬而成痰,饮为寒湿,阴盛阳虚者则水津聚而为饮”,肺脾肾功能失调,三焦气化失司,气滞血瘀都和痰饮的生成有关,治疗则须掌握寒热虚实来辨证施治,改善病人的体质,根治疾病防止再发。在临床治疗观察中,我们选择射干麻黄汤来治疗寒饮郁肺的病人,遵《黄帝内经》寒者温之的原则,与金匮之治法“病痰饮者以温药和之”,期能以疗效来弥补西方医学治疗上的缺失,并导正其观念。
     研究目的:本文之研究,通过有系统的文献回顾,从中西医学不同的角度来探讨痰饮的病因病机和治疗原则,期能更进一步提升痰饮的治疗效果。
     研究方法:本研究工作,随机取样43例多痰性咳嗽病患,其中来诊治疗前未使用西药20例,列为用药组,另23例来到本院前已使用西药治疗1星期以上至2个月,列为对照组,两组同时接受射干麻黄汤治疗1个疗程6天,治疗后总有效率两组皆100%,痊愈加上显效即明显改善者,用药组85%,对照组74%,有较明显的差别。
     研究结果:由本研究可看出,射干麻黄汤用于寒饮郁肺证,用药组和对照组皆可达到100%的效果,但是从显效和痊愈两个指标比较两组却有明显差异,表明对照组经西药治疗后再用中药治疗病情改善较单用中药困难,故明显改善的比率不如用药组。
BACKGROUND: Respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis are commonlyseen nowadays. Heavily polluted environment and a sizeable population of smokersalso worsen the situation for the general public's health. Kaohsiung locates in thesouth of Taiwan. There are many factors in Kaohsiung that affect patients' healthto make them cough more and have more sputum, such as its subtropical climate,extensive use of air-conditioning, drinking too much cold beverages and over dosage of anti-biotic. These symptoms usually don't disappear easily and are hard tocure.
     THEORY: There are many accounts in TCM about "tan" (phlegm) and"yin" (F1uid-retention). It is stated that "tan is dense and yin is diluted". Retention of bothtan and yin are caused by dysfunction of distribution and excretion of body fluid.From a pathological view, "excessive yan creats heat, this heat dries body fluid totan; excessive yin creates a cold and damp environment which is perfect for theretention of body fluid: yin". Dysfunctions of lung, spleen and kidney, inability totransform qi through sanjiao, qi stagnation and blood stasis are all factor of thecreation of Tanyin. The main concept of treating Tanyin is to establish and strengthen patients' constitution to prevent occurrence of symptoms. This paper uses Shegan Mahuang Tang to treat patients of "cold fluid retention in lung" syndrome according to Huang Di Nei Jing. Shegan Mahuang Tang can relieve exterior syndromesand warm the interior organs, which is in accordance to the principle set by Jin Gui Yao Lüe.
     OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to review accounts on "Tanyin" systematically and explain the etiology and pathology of "Tanyin" from TCM and western medicine views; in the hope of finding a better method of treating this disease.
     METHODS: 43 patients are chose through random sampling. The experimentalgroup consists of 20 patients who didn't receive any western medicine treatmentsbefore examinations. The control group consists of the rest 23 patients whohadreceived 1 week to 2 month period time of western medicine treatments prior to examinations. Both 2 groups received Shegan Mahuang Tang treatment for one course of treatment (6 days). The effective rate for both groups is 100%, the curerate(include decent improvements in symptoms) is 85% for the experimental group and 74% for the control group.
     RESULTS: Shegan Mahuang Tang treatment achieved 100% effective rate on both groups, but the experimental group has a significantly better score in the curerate. It shows that after the western medicine treatment, it is more difficult for the control group to improve the condition, hence the cure rate is lower.
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