企业社会责任与高管胜任力关系实证研究
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摘要
近年来,企业社会责任备受关注。实践证明：当经济进入一个成熟的发展阶段,社会资源的分配更应呈现多元化的效应,这就要求企业应更加全面地关注并解决利益相关者发展需求。目前,对于企业社会责任的研究大多集中在宏观层面的机制探讨,对于微观层面的企业研究并不多见。企业如何切合实际从战略层面考虑社会责任问题,将其融入经营管理之中,从而有效提升社会责任的履行,以满足多方位利益群体的期望,这将是我国企业在未来一段时间不可回避的实际问题。本文将高管胜任力与企业社会责任作为研究对象,探讨高管胜任力对企业社会责任的作用机理。
在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,文章就高管胜任力对企业社会责任的作用机理进行深入的理论探讨和实证研究。首先,资料收集与整理。在文献梳理、问卷调查和企业访谈等工作的基础上,运用分析与综合、理论探索与实证检验、定性分析与定量研究相结合的方法,就企业社会责任、责任管理及高管胜任力的相关理论进行评述,以期找出潜变量之间的内在联系。其次,概念模型与研究假设。以系统论作为方法论基础,以利益相关者理论、企业伦理理论、企业公民理论、人——职匹配理论以及隐性知识理论等经典理论作为理论依据,总结出研究概念模型——“EC→CSR”模型；并提出研究假设——“思想→结果”路径、“思想→行为”路径和“行为→结果”路径。再次,实证研究准备。通过科学、规范的问卷设计与严格的数据收集,获得了实证研究的样本数据,并进行统计分析,为后续的实证分析做好准备。最后,实证研究。在对样本数据进行描述性统计和量表的信度、效度检验基础上,运用AMOS17.0软件分析了实证模型的拟合指标,采用结构方程模型进行实证检验,并结合案例进一步论证了高管胜任力的完善有助于提升企业社会责任的履行这一研究假设。
通过研究高管胜任力对企业社会责任的作用机理,得出以下结论：(1)企业高管胜任力根据其发展的难易程度,可描述为“地壳模型”,即“地壳”——管理知识,“地幔”——管理技能,“地核”——管理素质。这对于构建一套具有中国特色的企业高层管理者胜任力的测评工具有探索性意义；(2)理论分析及实证研究表明高管胜任力与企业社会责任的履行存在正相关关系,这一结论不仅为企业社会责任研究开辟了新的视角,而且给企业社会责任履行的提升提供了新的途径,即通过完善高管胜任力,可以有效提升企业社会责任的履行；(3)高管胜任力各维度对企业社会责任的相关维度能够产生一定的影响,即高管的管理知识、管理技能和管理素质分别对企业的市场责任、用工责任、环境责任和公益责任产生积极的作用,且管理素质对企业社会责任的影响作用最强；(4)责任管理是高管胜任力与企业社会责任履行之间的中介变量,并且起到部分中介作用,即高管胜任力的提升有助于完善企业责任管理体系,并从根本上加强企业履行社会责任的自觉性和能力。
在理论阐述和实证检验的基础上,对完善高管胜任力来提升企业社会责任这一主题,文章从微观的企业角度和宏观的政府角度提出了各自的策略和政策建议,以期更好地提升我国企业社会责任的履行。同时,对研究的进一步工作做出展望,如应扩大高管胜任力对企业社会责任的研究范畴,增强研究模型的应用性,以及如何使高管胜任力与不同发展阶段的企业相匹配,从而有效提升企业社会责任的履行等。
In recent years, corporate social responsibility has attracted much attention. Practice has proved that the allocation of social resources should be a wider range effects when economy has entered a mature stage of development. It requires more comprehensive attention to development needs faced by stakeholders. Currently, most studies on corporate social responsibility are in the macro-level mechanism, but studies in micro-level are rather lacking. So, it will be an actual problem to Chinese enterprises that how to consider social responsibility on the strategic level and merge it with business to enhance the performance effectively and meet the expectations of the multi-dimensional interest groups. The dissertation takes executive competency and corporate social responsibility as the object of study, and focuses on the mechanism and executive competency to corporate social responsibility.
Based on the previous research, this dissertation studies the mechanism on executive competency and corporate social responsibility by theoretical discussion and empirical research. The followings are main research contents. Firstly, information collected and collated. In order to identify the intrinsic link between the latent variables, the dissertation reviews theories of corporate social responsibility, responsibility management and executive competency by literature combing, interviews and questionnaires. Main research methods are as follows, analysis and synthesis, theoretical exploration and empirical test, qualitative analysis and quantitative research. Secondly, a conceptual model and hypotheses are put forward."EC→CSR" model is summarized as a conceptual model.Then,"Ideology→Result" path,"Ideology→Behavior" path and "Behavior→Result" path are put forward as hypothesis. All the above studies are based on the systems theory as research methodology. Some classical theories mentioned are in the folloeings:stakeholder theory, the theory of business ethics, corporate citizenship theory, people-post match theory and the theory of tacit knowledge. Thirdly, empirical research prepared. Through scientific questionnaire design and data collection, sample data are received and analyzed, which provides the foundation for future empirical research. Fourthly, empirical research is made. The dissertation analyses the fit index of empirical model by AMOS17.0based on reliability and validity testing etc. Then structural equation model is used for empirical analysis, and the hypotheses are further proved by a case.
The conclusion of this dissertation can be drawn in the followings:Firstly, according to the degree of its development, executive competency can be described as "'crustal model", namely,"crust"--management knowledge,"mantle"--management skills, and "core"--management quality. There is an exploratory significance of Chinese executive competency assessment. Secondly, with theoretical analysis and empirical research the dissertation points out that there is a great deal of relevant between executive competency and corporate social responsibility. This conclusion not only opens up a new perspective for the research of corporate social responsibility, and provides an effective way to enhance the performance of corporate social responsibility. Therefore, the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility can be effectively enhanced by the improvement of executive competency. Thirdly, dimensions of executive competency can influence social responsibility relatively, and management quality is the strongest effect. Finally, corporate responsibility management palys a partial intermediary role between executive competency and corporate social responsibility.
Based on the above theory and empirical study, the dissertation gives strategy and policy suggestions on how to enhance corporate social responsibility by perfecting executive competency for enterprises and government perspective, in order to better fulfill the corporate social responsibility. Meanwhile, further research studies are proposed. They are generally as follows:the scope of the study should be expanded; the applicability of the research model should be enhanced; and how to make executive competency matches different stages of enterprise development to improve the implementation of corporate social responsibility effectively.
在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,文章就高管胜任力对企业社会责任的作用机理进行深入的理论探讨和实证研究。首先,资料收集与整理。在文献梳理、问卷调查和企业访谈等工作的基础上,运用分析与综合、理论探索与实证检验、定性分析与定量研究相结合的方法,就企业社会责任、责任管理及高管胜任力的相关理论进行评述,以期找出潜变量之间的内在联系。其次,概念模型与研究假设。以系统论作为方法论基础,以利益相关者理论、企业伦理理论、企业公民理论、人——职匹配理论以及隐性知识理论等经典理论作为理论依据,总结出研究概念模型——“EC→CSR”模型；并提出研究假设——“思想→结果”路径、“思想→行为”路径和“行为→结果”路径。再次,实证研究准备。通过科学、规范的问卷设计与严格的数据收集,获得了实证研究的样本数据,并进行统计分析,为后续的实证分析做好准备。最后,实证研究。在对样本数据进行描述性统计和量表的信度、效度检验基础上,运用AMOS17.0软件分析了实证模型的拟合指标,采用结构方程模型进行实证检验,并结合案例进一步论证了高管胜任力的完善有助于提升企业社会责任的履行这一研究假设。
通过研究高管胜任力对企业社会责任的作用机理,得出以下结论：(1)企业高管胜任力根据其发展的难易程度,可描述为“地壳模型”,即“地壳”——管理知识,“地幔”——管理技能,“地核”——管理素质。这对于构建一套具有中国特色的企业高层管理者胜任力的测评工具有探索性意义；(2)理论分析及实证研究表明高管胜任力与企业社会责任的履行存在正相关关系,这一结论不仅为企业社会责任研究开辟了新的视角,而且给企业社会责任履行的提升提供了新的途径,即通过完善高管胜任力,可以有效提升企业社会责任的履行；(3)高管胜任力各维度对企业社会责任的相关维度能够产生一定的影响,即高管的管理知识、管理技能和管理素质分别对企业的市场责任、用工责任、环境责任和公益责任产生积极的作用,且管理素质对企业社会责任的影响作用最强；(4)责任管理是高管胜任力与企业社会责任履行之间的中介变量,并且起到部分中介作用,即高管胜任力的提升有助于完善企业责任管理体系,并从根本上加强企业履行社会责任的自觉性和能力。
在理论阐述和实证检验的基础上,对完善高管胜任力来提升企业社会责任这一主题,文章从微观的企业角度和宏观的政府角度提出了各自的策略和政策建议,以期更好地提升我国企业社会责任的履行。同时,对研究的进一步工作做出展望,如应扩大高管胜任力对企业社会责任的研究范畴,增强研究模型的应用性,以及如何使高管胜任力与不同发展阶段的企业相匹配,从而有效提升企业社会责任的履行等。
In recent years, corporate social responsibility has attracted much attention. Practice has proved that the allocation of social resources should be a wider range effects when economy has entered a mature stage of development. It requires more comprehensive attention to development needs faced by stakeholders. Currently, most studies on corporate social responsibility are in the macro-level mechanism, but studies in micro-level are rather lacking. So, it will be an actual problem to Chinese enterprises that how to consider social responsibility on the strategic level and merge it with business to enhance the performance effectively and meet the expectations of the multi-dimensional interest groups. The dissertation takes executive competency and corporate social responsibility as the object of study, and focuses on the mechanism and executive competency to corporate social responsibility.
Based on the previous research, this dissertation studies the mechanism on executive competency and corporate social responsibility by theoretical discussion and empirical research. The followings are main research contents. Firstly, information collected and collated. In order to identify the intrinsic link between the latent variables, the dissertation reviews theories of corporate social responsibility, responsibility management and executive competency by literature combing, interviews and questionnaires. Main research methods are as follows, analysis and synthesis, theoretical exploration and empirical test, qualitative analysis and quantitative research. Secondly, a conceptual model and hypotheses are put forward."EC→CSR" model is summarized as a conceptual model.Then,"Ideology→Result" path,"Ideology→Behavior" path and "Behavior→Result" path are put forward as hypothesis. All the above studies are based on the systems theory as research methodology. Some classical theories mentioned are in the folloeings:stakeholder theory, the theory of business ethics, corporate citizenship theory, people-post match theory and the theory of tacit knowledge. Thirdly, empirical research prepared. Through scientific questionnaire design and data collection, sample data are received and analyzed, which provides the foundation for future empirical research. Fourthly, empirical research is made. The dissertation analyses the fit index of empirical model by AMOS17.0based on reliability and validity testing etc. Then structural equation model is used for empirical analysis, and the hypotheses are further proved by a case.
The conclusion of this dissertation can be drawn in the followings:Firstly, according to the degree of its development, executive competency can be described as "'crustal model", namely,"crust"--management knowledge,"mantle"--management skills, and "core"--management quality. There is an exploratory significance of Chinese executive competency assessment. Secondly, with theoretical analysis and empirical research the dissertation points out that there is a great deal of relevant between executive competency and corporate social responsibility. This conclusion not only opens up a new perspective for the research of corporate social responsibility, and provides an effective way to enhance the performance of corporate social responsibility. Therefore, the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility can be effectively enhanced by the improvement of executive competency. Thirdly, dimensions of executive competency can influence social responsibility relatively, and management quality is the strongest effect. Finally, corporate responsibility management palys a partial intermediary role between executive competency and corporate social responsibility.
Based on the above theory and empirical study, the dissertation gives strategy and policy suggestions on how to enhance corporate social responsibility by perfecting executive competency for enterprises and government perspective, in order to better fulfill the corporate social responsibility. Meanwhile, further research studies are proposed. They are generally as follows:the scope of the study should be expanded; the applicability of the research model should be enhanced; and how to make executive competency matches different stages of enterprise development to improve the implementation of corporate social responsibility effectively.
引文
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