贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为研究
|
摘要
论文以贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为作为研究对象,选取国家贫困县辽宁省建昌县为例进行研究,采用文献分析法、问卷调查法、半结构访谈法、描述性研究法、定量分析法和Logistic模型法对辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资行为的相关问题进行分析,为促进贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为的优化提供依据。
论文首先采取描述性研究法、定量分析法以及问卷调查法对辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资行为的现状以及教育投资能力的现状进行论述,并在辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资行为现状的研究基础上,运用Logistic模型法、描述性研究法以及半结构访谈法对影响农村家庭教育投资行为的因素进行分析；在辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资能力现状的研究基础上,运用描述性研究法分析农村家庭教育投资能力对教育投资行为的影响。最后提出优化辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资行为的对策建议。主要研究成果如下：
1.界定了农村家庭以及农村教育的相关概念,对论文的研究对象进行了限定。论文研究的农村家庭是指家庭成员户口所在地为农村地区的家庭；论文研究的农村教育即包括农村家庭适龄子女接受的义务教育,同时也包括农村家庭适龄子女接受的中等教育以及高等教育。
2.设计了农村家庭教育投资问题调查问卷以及城市家庭教育投资问题调查问卷,并组织发放和回收,选取辽宁省建昌县、辽宁省海城市以及辽宁省葫芦岛市龙港区进行调研,获得了大量关于农村家庭教育投资行为以及城市家庭教育投资行为相关问题的一手数据。
3.对贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为的现状进行研究,发现贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为具体表现为教育投资动机主要为家庭经济收入增加,教育投资需求较弱但呈现上涨趋势,教育投资内容逐步得到扩展,教育投资形式较为单一,教育投资选择较不理想,教育投资方向呈现多元化趋势以及教育投资风险较大。
4.对贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为的影响因素进行研究,计量分析发现母亲受教育年限、子女性别、中等教育年教育投资费用对农村家庭中等教育投资选择行为具有显著影响,母亲受教育年限、子女性别、其他兄弟姐妹是否上学以及家庭人口数对农村家庭高等教育投资选择行为具有显著影响；描述性研究发现教育投资能力、农村家庭父母自身因素、子女自身因素以及政府政策因素对农村家庭教育投资行为均具有重要的影响。
5.提出优化贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为的对策建议,具体包括：扶持农业发展,提高农村家庭农业经济收入；抓好劳务输出工作,提高农村家庭非农经济收入；发展农村非学历教育事业,提高农村家庭父母文化素质；转变子女观念,提高农村家庭子女受教意识；进行教育投资制度创新,实现教育投资渠道多元化；给予农村家庭子女就业支持,提高农村家庭子女就业率。
论文的可能创新之处在于以辽宁省建昌县为例,对贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为进行实例调查研究,并得出一些新的结论,提出创新性的对策建议,在农村家庭教育投资行为相关问题研究上具有一定的创新性。
The paper acts educational investment behavior for rural families in poor areas as the research object. It selects Jianchang county in Liaoning province which is one of the national poverty counties to study. The paper uses document analysis, questionnaire survey, semi-structured interview, descriptive research method, quantitative analysis and Logistic model method to research educational investment behavior for rural families in Jianchang county of Liaoning province, which provides the basis for educational investment behavior's optimization for rural families in poor areas.
Firstly, the paper discusses the current situation of educational investment behavior and ability by descriptive research method, quantitative analysis and questionnaire survey for rural families in Jianchang county of Liaoning province. Then based on the current situation of educational investment behavior, the paper uses Logistic model method, descriptive research method, and semi-structured interviews to discuss the factors for educational investment behavior in rural families; and based on the current situation of educational investment ability, the paper uses descriptive research method to discuss the factors which educational investment ability affects educational investment behavior. Finally, the paper proposes suggestions of educational investment behavior's optimization for rural families in Jianchang county of Liaoning province. The main results are following:
1. The paper defines the concepts of rural families and rural education, and limites the research object for paper. Research of rural family is to point that the registered permanent residence for family members is in rural areas; research of rural education includes school-age children who accept obligation education, and also school-age children who accept medium education and higher education.
2. The paper designs questionnaire survey of educational investment problems for rural families and urban families. Selects Jianchang country, Haicheng country and Longgang town where are in Liaoning province to survey, and obtaines much firsthand datas about the problems which are educational investment behavior for rural families and urban families.
3. The paper researches the current situation of educational investment behavior for rural families in poor areas, and founds that rural families in poor areas educational investment behavior is that educational investment motivation is main domestic income increasing, educational investment demand is weak but presently the upward trend, educational investment content is gradually expanded, educational investment form is relatively single, educational investment choice is less than ideal, educational investment direction turns multi-facetted trends and educational investment risk is bigger.
4. The paper researches the factors of educational investment behavior for rural families in poor areas. It founds that by econometric analysis educational year for mother, children sex, medium educational investment fees have significantly affected medium educational investment choice's behavior for rural families; educational year for mother, children sex, other brothers and sisters whether going to school and family population have significantly affected higher educational investment choice's behavior for rural families. Descriptive study founds that educational investment ability, parents'factors for rural family, children's factors and government policy's factors have significantly affected educational investment behavior for rural families.
5. The paper proposes suggestins of educational investment behavior's optimization for rural families in poor areas. These suggestions include that support agricultural development, improve agricultural income the rural families; pay special attention to export job, improve non-agricultural income for rural families; develop rural non-academic education, improve parents'culture quality for rural families; change children's concepts, improve children being taught consciousness for rural families; innovate educational investment system, realize diversification of educational investment channels; give employment support to children for rural families, improve children employment rate for rural families.
Innovation for the paper puts Liaoning province as an example, which researches educational investment behavior for rural families in poor areas. Besides, the paper proposes some new results and innoational advices. It is an innovative research for the related problems in educational investment behavior's research.
论文首先采取描述性研究法、定量分析法以及问卷调查法对辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资行为的现状以及教育投资能力的现状进行论述,并在辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资行为现状的研究基础上,运用Logistic模型法、描述性研究法以及半结构访谈法对影响农村家庭教育投资行为的因素进行分析；在辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资能力现状的研究基础上,运用描述性研究法分析农村家庭教育投资能力对教育投资行为的影响。最后提出优化辽宁省建昌县农村家庭教育投资行为的对策建议。主要研究成果如下：
1.界定了农村家庭以及农村教育的相关概念,对论文的研究对象进行了限定。论文研究的农村家庭是指家庭成员户口所在地为农村地区的家庭；论文研究的农村教育即包括农村家庭适龄子女接受的义务教育,同时也包括农村家庭适龄子女接受的中等教育以及高等教育。
2.设计了农村家庭教育投资问题调查问卷以及城市家庭教育投资问题调查问卷,并组织发放和回收,选取辽宁省建昌县、辽宁省海城市以及辽宁省葫芦岛市龙港区进行调研,获得了大量关于农村家庭教育投资行为以及城市家庭教育投资行为相关问题的一手数据。
3.对贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为的现状进行研究,发现贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为具体表现为教育投资动机主要为家庭经济收入增加,教育投资需求较弱但呈现上涨趋势,教育投资内容逐步得到扩展,教育投资形式较为单一,教育投资选择较不理想,教育投资方向呈现多元化趋势以及教育投资风险较大。
4.对贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为的影响因素进行研究,计量分析发现母亲受教育年限、子女性别、中等教育年教育投资费用对农村家庭中等教育投资选择行为具有显著影响,母亲受教育年限、子女性别、其他兄弟姐妹是否上学以及家庭人口数对农村家庭高等教育投资选择行为具有显著影响；描述性研究发现教育投资能力、农村家庭父母自身因素、子女自身因素以及政府政策因素对农村家庭教育投资行为均具有重要的影响。
5.提出优化贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为的对策建议,具体包括：扶持农业发展,提高农村家庭农业经济收入；抓好劳务输出工作,提高农村家庭非农经济收入；发展农村非学历教育事业,提高农村家庭父母文化素质；转变子女观念,提高农村家庭子女受教意识；进行教育投资制度创新,实现教育投资渠道多元化；给予农村家庭子女就业支持,提高农村家庭子女就业率。
论文的可能创新之处在于以辽宁省建昌县为例,对贫困地区农村家庭教育投资行为进行实例调查研究,并得出一些新的结论,提出创新性的对策建议,在农村家庭教育投资行为相关问题研究上具有一定的创新性。
The paper acts educational investment behavior for rural families in poor areas as the research object. It selects Jianchang county in Liaoning province which is one of the national poverty counties to study. The paper uses document analysis, questionnaire survey, semi-structured interview, descriptive research method, quantitative analysis and Logistic model method to research educational investment behavior for rural families in Jianchang county of Liaoning province, which provides the basis for educational investment behavior's optimization for rural families in poor areas.
Firstly, the paper discusses the current situation of educational investment behavior and ability by descriptive research method, quantitative analysis and questionnaire survey for rural families in Jianchang county of Liaoning province. Then based on the current situation of educational investment behavior, the paper uses Logistic model method, descriptive research method, and semi-structured interviews to discuss the factors for educational investment behavior in rural families; and based on the current situation of educational investment ability, the paper uses descriptive research method to discuss the factors which educational investment ability affects educational investment behavior. Finally, the paper proposes suggestions of educational investment behavior's optimization for rural families in Jianchang county of Liaoning province. The main results are following:
1. The paper defines the concepts of rural families and rural education, and limites the research object for paper. Research of rural family is to point that the registered permanent residence for family members is in rural areas; research of rural education includes school-age children who accept obligation education, and also school-age children who accept medium education and higher education.
2. The paper designs questionnaire survey of educational investment problems for rural families and urban families. Selects Jianchang country, Haicheng country and Longgang town where are in Liaoning province to survey, and obtaines much firsthand datas about the problems which are educational investment behavior for rural families and urban families.
3. The paper researches the current situation of educational investment behavior for rural families in poor areas, and founds that rural families in poor areas educational investment behavior is that educational investment motivation is main domestic income increasing, educational investment demand is weak but presently the upward trend, educational investment content is gradually expanded, educational investment form is relatively single, educational investment choice is less than ideal, educational investment direction turns multi-facetted trends and educational investment risk is bigger.
4. The paper researches the factors of educational investment behavior for rural families in poor areas. It founds that by econometric analysis educational year for mother, children sex, medium educational investment fees have significantly affected medium educational investment choice's behavior for rural families; educational year for mother, children sex, other brothers and sisters whether going to school and family population have significantly affected higher educational investment choice's behavior for rural families. Descriptive study founds that educational investment ability, parents'factors for rural family, children's factors and government policy's factors have significantly affected educational investment behavior for rural families.
5. The paper proposes suggestins of educational investment behavior's optimization for rural families in poor areas. These suggestions include that support agricultural development, improve agricultural income the rural families; pay special attention to export job, improve non-agricultural income for rural families; develop rural non-academic education, improve parents'culture quality for rural families; change children's concepts, improve children being taught consciousness for rural families; innovate educational investment system, realize diversification of educational investment channels; give employment support to children for rural families, improve children employment rate for rural families.
Innovation for the paper puts Liaoning province as an example, which researches educational investment behavior for rural families in poor areas. Besides, the paper proposes some new results and innoational advices. It is an innovative research for the related problems in educational investment behavior's research.
引文
1.闵维方.1998.论高等教育成本补偿政策的理论基础.北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),(2)：179-183.
2.国家统计局编.1993-2001.中国统计年鉴.北京：中国统计出版社
3.甘吉世.2008.我国家庭高等教育投资动因分析Economic & Trade Update Sum, (7):192-193.
4.谢秀英.2000.我国家庭高等教育投资基本动因探析.当代经济科学,(2)：95-96.
5.叶天莲.2008.农村家庭高中阶段教育投资现状及其影响因素研究——以赣州市为例.南昌：南昌大学硕士学位论文.
6.龚继红,钟涨宝.2005.农村家庭子女性别结构对家庭教育投资行为的影响.青年研究,(3)：17-21.
7.李旻,赵连阁,谭洪波.2006.农村地区家庭教育投资的影响因素分析.农业技术经济,(5)：73-78.
8.马微.2009.西北少数民族地区义务教育阶段农村家庭教育投资决策研究.兰州：西北师范大学硕士学位论文.
9.刘守义.2009.农村家庭母亲文化程度对家庭教育投资影响的研究.河北北方学院学报(社会科学版),(2)：32-36.
10.邱亚洪,李尚蒲.2008.农户教育投资的影响因素分析.华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),(4)：145-150.
11.高一子.2007.影响经济欠发达地区农村家庭普通高中教育选择因素的经济学分析.长春：东北师范大学硕士学位论文.
12.张俊浦,李燕琴.2008.西北农村家庭教育投资影响因素分析—以甘肃农村为例.河西学院学报,(3)：74-79.
13.刘媛.2008.进城务工农民对子女教育投资选择行为的实证研究——基于南京的调研数据.南京：南京农业大学硕士学位论文.
14.刘守义.2008.农村家庭教育投资选择研究.理论研究,(5)：60-61.
15.殷红霞.2007.我国农村家庭教育投资行为研究.杨凌：西北农林科技大学博士学位论文.
16.舒尔茨.1987.改造传统农业.北京：商务印刷馆.
17. Jacob Mincer.1974. Schooling Experience and Earnings. New York:Columbia University press.
18.(美)加里·S·贝克尔.2003.人类行为的经济分析.上海：上海三联出版社.
19. Samuelson · p · A.1954. The Pure Theory of Public Expenditures, Review of Economics and Statistics, Nov. pp:387-389.
20.戚业国.1998.高等教育收费与学生资助的理论.江苏高教,(6)：39-42.
21.查斯.p.金德尔伯格.1986.经济发展.上海：上海译文出版社.
22.孙志军.2004.中国农村的教育成本、收益与家庭教育决策：以甘肃省为基础的研究.北京：北京师范大学出版社.
23. kenneth king.2007.Balancing Basic and Post-basic Education in Kenya:National Versus International Policy Agendas. International Journal of Educational Development, (27):358-370.
24.贝克尔.1987.家庭经济分析(中译本).北京：华夏出版社.
25. Peter H.2006. Van Der Meer, The Validity of Two Education Requirement Measures. Economics of Education Review, (25):211-219.
26.弗兰克·艾利思著,胡景北译.2006.农民经济学(第二版).上海：上海人民出版社.
27.叶茂林,肖念.2007.中国高等教育热点问题述评.北京：科学出版社.
28.刘惠.2009.我国家庭教育投资行为分析.北京：首都师范大学硕十学位论文.
29.辽宁省统计局编.2010.辽宁统计年鉴.北京：中国统计出版社.
30.加里·斯坦利·贝克尔.1998.家庭论.上海：商务印书馆.
31.(美)默里.2009.计量经济学：现代方法.北京：北京大学出版社.
32.约翰.奈特,李实.中国居民教育水平的决定因素.载于越人伟,基斯.格里芬主编：《中国居民收入分配研究》.北京：中国社会科学出版社.
33. Shea.J. Does parents'money matter? Journal of Public Economics 77,155-184.
34.王再文,李刚.2007.我国社会主义新农村建设理论综述.经济问题,(2)：82-84.
35.王平达.2000.农业可持续发展和农户经济行为.哈尔滨：东北农业大学硕士学位论文.
36.陈雪原,张文茂,刘树.2006.统筹城乡发展、建设社会主义新农村与农村改革：“第三届北京郊区现代化发展论坛”会议综述.中国农村经济,(1)：75-80.
37.韩俊.2006.新农村建设四题.农村经济,(1)：3-7.
38.现代农业.http://baike.baidu.com/view/435912.htm.
39.满眼春风上枝头——建昌县扶持“三农发展”.2007-07-21.http://www.nen.com.cn/77970767572107264/20070721/2272583.shtml.
40.建昌县强化农业科技创新与推广,加快推进农业现代化.2011-03-17.http://ww.lnjn.gov.cn/area/doc-detail.mspx.shtml.
41.葫芦岛市建昌县发展现代农业,促进农民增收.2010-06-21.http://www.lnjn.gov.cn/government/areanews/2010/6/155399.shtml.
42.李玉洪.2001.贫困地区的建昌县是怎样做好减轻农民负担工作的.农业经济,(6)：38.
43.建昌县建立健全农业信息服务体系.2008-12-22.http://www.hldjn.gov.cn/html/xwdt/692.html.
44.张亚,郑予捷,刘青.2006.城乡劳动力市场一体化研究.农村经济,(2)：12-14.
45.辽宁省农村经济委员会.辽宁省建昌县农村职业教育取得显著成绩.2010-06-25.http://nc.mofcom.gov.cn/news/14580252.html.
46.练礼平.2008.改革农村职业教育为建设社会主义新农村服务.文教资料,(3)：24-26.
47.王兆峰,钟涨宝,俞红.2007.家庭教育投资对农村女性教育地位影响的研究.商业时代,(22)：107-108.
48.张艳,孙科.2006.辽宁农村人力资源素质现状与提升对策.农业经济,(12)：26-27.
49.房明婷,李道新,张文.2005.拓宽高等教育经费筹措渠道.连云港职业技术学院学报,(1)：69-72,76.
2.国家统计局编.1993-2001.中国统计年鉴.北京：中国统计出版社
3.甘吉世.2008.我国家庭高等教育投资动因分析Economic & Trade Update Sum, (7):192-193.
4.谢秀英.2000.我国家庭高等教育投资基本动因探析.当代经济科学,(2)：95-96.
5.叶天莲.2008.农村家庭高中阶段教育投资现状及其影响因素研究——以赣州市为例.南昌：南昌大学硕士学位论文.
6.龚继红,钟涨宝.2005.农村家庭子女性别结构对家庭教育投资行为的影响.青年研究,(3)：17-21.
7.李旻,赵连阁,谭洪波.2006.农村地区家庭教育投资的影响因素分析.农业技术经济,(5)：73-78.
8.马微.2009.西北少数民族地区义务教育阶段农村家庭教育投资决策研究.兰州：西北师范大学硕士学位论文.
9.刘守义.2009.农村家庭母亲文化程度对家庭教育投资影响的研究.河北北方学院学报(社会科学版),(2)：32-36.
10.邱亚洪,李尚蒲.2008.农户教育投资的影响因素分析.华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),(4)：145-150.
11.高一子.2007.影响经济欠发达地区农村家庭普通高中教育选择因素的经济学分析.长春：东北师范大学硕士学位论文.
12.张俊浦,李燕琴.2008.西北农村家庭教育投资影响因素分析—以甘肃农村为例.河西学院学报,(3)：74-79.
13.刘媛.2008.进城务工农民对子女教育投资选择行为的实证研究——基于南京的调研数据.南京：南京农业大学硕士学位论文.
14.刘守义.2008.农村家庭教育投资选择研究.理论研究,(5)：60-61.
15.殷红霞.2007.我国农村家庭教育投资行为研究.杨凌：西北农林科技大学博士学位论文.
16.舒尔茨.1987.改造传统农业.北京：商务印刷馆.
17. Jacob Mincer.1974. Schooling Experience and Earnings. New York:Columbia University press.
18.(美)加里·S·贝克尔.2003.人类行为的经济分析.上海：上海三联出版社.
19. Samuelson · p · A.1954. The Pure Theory of Public Expenditures, Review of Economics and Statistics, Nov. pp:387-389.
20.戚业国.1998.高等教育收费与学生资助的理论.江苏高教,(6)：39-42.
21.查斯.p.金德尔伯格.1986.经济发展.上海：上海译文出版社.
22.孙志军.2004.中国农村的教育成本、收益与家庭教育决策：以甘肃省为基础的研究.北京：北京师范大学出版社.
23. kenneth king.2007.Balancing Basic and Post-basic Education in Kenya:National Versus International Policy Agendas. International Journal of Educational Development, (27):358-370.
24.贝克尔.1987.家庭经济分析(中译本).北京：华夏出版社.
25. Peter H.2006. Van Der Meer, The Validity of Two Education Requirement Measures. Economics of Education Review, (25):211-219.
26.弗兰克·艾利思著,胡景北译.2006.农民经济学(第二版).上海：上海人民出版社.
27.叶茂林,肖念.2007.中国高等教育热点问题述评.北京：科学出版社.
28.刘惠.2009.我国家庭教育投资行为分析.北京：首都师范大学硕十学位论文.
29.辽宁省统计局编.2010.辽宁统计年鉴.北京：中国统计出版社.
30.加里·斯坦利·贝克尔.1998.家庭论.上海：商务印书馆.
31.(美)默里.2009.计量经济学：现代方法.北京：北京大学出版社.
32.约翰.奈特,李实.中国居民教育水平的决定因素.载于越人伟,基斯.格里芬主编：《中国居民收入分配研究》.北京：中国社会科学出版社.
33. Shea.J. Does parents'money matter? Journal of Public Economics 77,155-184.
34.王再文,李刚.2007.我国社会主义新农村建设理论综述.经济问题,(2)：82-84.
35.王平达.2000.农业可持续发展和农户经济行为.哈尔滨：东北农业大学硕士学位论文.
36.陈雪原,张文茂,刘树.2006.统筹城乡发展、建设社会主义新农村与农村改革：“第三届北京郊区现代化发展论坛”会议综述.中国农村经济,(1)：75-80.
37.韩俊.2006.新农村建设四题.农村经济,(1)：3-7.
38.现代农业.http://baike.baidu.com/view/435912.htm.
39.满眼春风上枝头——建昌县扶持“三农发展”.2007-07-21.http://www.nen.com.cn/77970767572107264/20070721/2272583.shtml.
40.建昌县强化农业科技创新与推广,加快推进农业现代化.2011-03-17.http://ww.lnjn.gov.cn/area/doc-detail.mspx.shtml.
41.葫芦岛市建昌县发展现代农业,促进农民增收.2010-06-21.http://www.lnjn.gov.cn/government/areanews/2010/6/155399.shtml.
42.李玉洪.2001.贫困地区的建昌县是怎样做好减轻农民负担工作的.农业经济,(6)：38.
43.建昌县建立健全农业信息服务体系.2008-12-22.http://www.hldjn.gov.cn/html/xwdt/692.html.
44.张亚,郑予捷,刘青.2006.城乡劳动力市场一体化研究.农村经济,(2)：12-14.
45.辽宁省农村经济委员会.辽宁省建昌县农村职业教育取得显著成绩.2010-06-25.http://nc.mofcom.gov.cn/news/14580252.html.
46.练礼平.2008.改革农村职业教育为建设社会主义新农村服务.文教资料,(3)：24-26.
47.王兆峰,钟涨宝,俞红.2007.家庭教育投资对农村女性教育地位影响的研究.商业时代,(22)：107-108.
48.张艳,孙科.2006.辽宁农村人力资源素质现状与提升对策.农业经济,(12)：26-27.
49.房明婷,李道新,张文.2005.拓宽高等教育经费筹措渠道.连云港职业技术学院学报,(1)：69-72,76.