混凝土路面破损评价与维修对策研究
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摘要
高等级混凝土路面的大量修建,在相当长一段时期,极大地推动了中国国民经济和地方经济的发展。然而,集中建设必然导致集中维修或改建,加之理论上的认识局限和施工质量管理的疏漏使路面早期破损普遍存在。由此,混凝土路面破损评价和维修工作显得尤为紧要和迫切。
混凝土路面结构的材料组成、荷载效应、自然因素及破损程度的判别都具有明显的模糊随机特征,本文采用模糊随机理论研究并推导出了路面破损的模糊随机综合评价模型及其隶属函数;同时着重研究了多目标模糊决策方法在混凝土加铺设计方案中的应用,提出了混凝土路面维修技术的对策措施。
为了尽可能采集到路面破损状况的真实信息,本文较为详细地研究了混凝土路面破损的分类,并按路面服务功能提出了路面破损新的分类标准;路面破损信息的调查本文采用分层随机抽样理论,并结合路面破损信息有明示性的特点,采用随机抽样与现场指定相结合的调查方法。为进行综合评价,原始数据的合理归集是重要的,本文采用比较分析研究与专家意见相结合的方法确定各项评分的权函数。特别是研究路面状况指数PCI值时,提出了一套新的数据处理(扣分权函数)方法,通过在实践中的应用表明,该方法直观、简捷,与实际符合性好,该方法现已广泛用于笔者的实际工作中。
本文首次将模糊随机理论用于混凝土路面的破损评价。因为路面服务功能的失效与单独结构的失效其物理意义是相同的,由此推导出路面服务功能函数的模糊随机失效模型;结合路面破损的典型路段、模糊评价的分级,选出岭形函数为破损隶属度的隶属函数。本文还首次将模糊多目标决策方法用于路面加铺的方案决策中。由于路面加铺方案涉及旧路利用、环境保护、路面结构类型、造价因素等多目标组合的复杂方案,个人决策带有主观性,线性规划方法又不适合,因为其中含有多个不可公度的目标因素,模糊多目标决策方法是适合的。通过本文的探索与应用表明其方法是可行的。对混凝土路面的局部维修本文也进行了较多的应用研究,围绕稳定基础、裂缝治理、新旧混凝土的相容性和快速高效的原则提出了维修技术的对策措施。
本研究工作持续了较长的时间。在这期间,本研究成果先后用于重庆市、四川的多条二级公路和一条高速路,检验了模糊随机评价方法的适用性,以及改进后的PCI方法的有效性。实体工程还表明:本文的混凝土路面破损调查方法、路面破损的分类以及路面破损各因素的扣分权函数都是适用的;提出的混凝土路面局部维修对策较好地指导了实体工程的顺利实施。
Over the past years, the construction of large amount of high-class highway concrete pavements has made great contributions to the progress of the national and local economies. However, intensive pavement repair and rehabilitation has been resulted in due to the concentrated construction of concrete pavements over a short time period. In addition, premature pavement distresses have become prevalent nationwide due to insufficient design theories, construction experiences, and quality control. As a result, the evaluation and repair of concrete pavement distresses have become an urgent issue.
It has long been recognized that the many variables, such as concrete material properties, pavement responses to vehicle loading, environmental effects, and pavement distresses, are random variables and exhibit the typical fuzzy features. With the fuzzy random theories, this paper develops a model and membership functions for evaluating concrete pavement distresses. Furthermore, this paper investigates the use of the fuzzy multi-objective decision-making methods in concrete pavement overlay design and presents the strategies and measures for concrete pavement repair and rehabilitation.
In order to collect realistic information on pavement distresses and conditions, this paper investigates the classification of concrete pavement distresses and provides the criteria for pavement distress classification based on pavement serviceability. The survey on pavement distress information was conducted by utilizing the stratified random sampling theories, i.e., a method that combines the random sampling design and field selection by considering the observable features of pavement distresses. It is of importance to filtering the raw data for the purpose of pavement overall evaluation. This paper develops the weight functions for evaluating individual distresses by taking into account the opinions and rating from the expert panel. In particular, this paper provides a data-processing (i.e., the weight functions by discounting) method for determining pavement condition index (PCI). This method has been used in the author's real life work and proved to be simple, effective, and realistic.
This paper conducts the first work of its kind to apply the fuzzy random theories to the evaluation of pavement distresses. It is widely accepted that the failure of pavement serviceability is equivalent in nature to the failure of pavement structure. Therefore, this paper develops a fuzzy random failure model for assessing pavement serviceability. Based on the typical pavement sections experiencing various distresses and the fuzzy evaluation field for approximating the fuzzy distresses membership, this paper utilizes the bell-shaped membership functions. This paper also conducts pioneer work to apply the multi-objective decision-making methods to the concrete pavement overlay design. Pavement overlay design is a function of the existing pavement, environmental issues, pavement structure, and costs. The conventional linear operation method is not workable due to the fact that some of these variables cannot be quantified. As a result, it is natural to utilize the multi-objective decision-making methods so as to avoid subjective decisions. Finally, this paper investigates the practical and efficient repair measures and techniques for local distresses, such as subbase stabilization, cracking treatment, compatibility between fresh and old concrete.
The work presented in this paper is the results of a long time study. In the process of conducting this study, the author has utilized its results and findings to three secondary highways and one freeway. It has been shown that the fuzzy random evaluation method is appropriate and the modified PCI method is valid. In addition, the pavement distress survey method, pavement distress classification, and pavement distress membership function by discounting are appropriate. The measures and treatment techniques for concrete pavement local distresses are realistic and implementable.
混凝土路面结构的材料组成、荷载效应、自然因素及破损程度的判别都具有明显的模糊随机特征,本文采用模糊随机理论研究并推导出了路面破损的模糊随机综合评价模型及其隶属函数;同时着重研究了多目标模糊决策方法在混凝土加铺设计方案中的应用,提出了混凝土路面维修技术的对策措施。
为了尽可能采集到路面破损状况的真实信息,本文较为详细地研究了混凝土路面破损的分类,并按路面服务功能提出了路面破损新的分类标准;路面破损信息的调查本文采用分层随机抽样理论,并结合路面破损信息有明示性的特点,采用随机抽样与现场指定相结合的调查方法。为进行综合评价,原始数据的合理归集是重要的,本文采用比较分析研究与专家意见相结合的方法确定各项评分的权函数。特别是研究路面状况指数PCI值时,提出了一套新的数据处理(扣分权函数)方法,通过在实践中的应用表明,该方法直观、简捷,与实际符合性好,该方法现已广泛用于笔者的实际工作中。
本文首次将模糊随机理论用于混凝土路面的破损评价。因为路面服务功能的失效与单独结构的失效其物理意义是相同的,由此推导出路面服务功能函数的模糊随机失效模型;结合路面破损的典型路段、模糊评价的分级,选出岭形函数为破损隶属度的隶属函数。本文还首次将模糊多目标决策方法用于路面加铺的方案决策中。由于路面加铺方案涉及旧路利用、环境保护、路面结构类型、造价因素等多目标组合的复杂方案,个人决策带有主观性,线性规划方法又不适合,因为其中含有多个不可公度的目标因素,模糊多目标决策方法是适合的。通过本文的探索与应用表明其方法是可行的。对混凝土路面的局部维修本文也进行了较多的应用研究,围绕稳定基础、裂缝治理、新旧混凝土的相容性和快速高效的原则提出了维修技术的对策措施。
本研究工作持续了较长的时间。在这期间,本研究成果先后用于重庆市、四川的多条二级公路和一条高速路,检验了模糊随机评价方法的适用性,以及改进后的PCI方法的有效性。实体工程还表明:本文的混凝土路面破损调查方法、路面破损的分类以及路面破损各因素的扣分权函数都是适用的;提出的混凝土路面局部维修对策较好地指导了实体工程的顺利实施。
Over the past years, the construction of large amount of high-class highway concrete pavements has made great contributions to the progress of the national and local economies. However, intensive pavement repair and rehabilitation has been resulted in due to the concentrated construction of concrete pavements over a short time period. In addition, premature pavement distresses have become prevalent nationwide due to insufficient design theories, construction experiences, and quality control. As a result, the evaluation and repair of concrete pavement distresses have become an urgent issue.
It has long been recognized that the many variables, such as concrete material properties, pavement responses to vehicle loading, environmental effects, and pavement distresses, are random variables and exhibit the typical fuzzy features. With the fuzzy random theories, this paper develops a model and membership functions for evaluating concrete pavement distresses. Furthermore, this paper investigates the use of the fuzzy multi-objective decision-making methods in concrete pavement overlay design and presents the strategies and measures for concrete pavement repair and rehabilitation.
In order to collect realistic information on pavement distresses and conditions, this paper investigates the classification of concrete pavement distresses and provides the criteria for pavement distress classification based on pavement serviceability. The survey on pavement distress information was conducted by utilizing the stratified random sampling theories, i.e., a method that combines the random sampling design and field selection by considering the observable features of pavement distresses. It is of importance to filtering the raw data for the purpose of pavement overall evaluation. This paper develops the weight functions for evaluating individual distresses by taking into account the opinions and rating from the expert panel. In particular, this paper provides a data-processing (i.e., the weight functions by discounting) method for determining pavement condition index (PCI). This method has been used in the author's real life work and proved to be simple, effective, and realistic.
This paper conducts the first work of its kind to apply the fuzzy random theories to the evaluation of pavement distresses. It is widely accepted that the failure of pavement serviceability is equivalent in nature to the failure of pavement structure. Therefore, this paper develops a fuzzy random failure model for assessing pavement serviceability. Based on the typical pavement sections experiencing various distresses and the fuzzy evaluation field for approximating the fuzzy distresses membership, this paper utilizes the bell-shaped membership functions. This paper also conducts pioneer work to apply the multi-objective decision-making methods to the concrete pavement overlay design. Pavement overlay design is a function of the existing pavement, environmental issues, pavement structure, and costs. The conventional linear operation method is not workable due to the fact that some of these variables cannot be quantified. As a result, it is natural to utilize the multi-objective decision-making methods so as to avoid subjective decisions. Finally, this paper investigates the practical and efficient repair measures and techniques for local distresses, such as subbase stabilization, cracking treatment, compatibility between fresh and old concrete.
The work presented in this paper is the results of a long time study. In the process of conducting this study, the author has utilized its results and findings to three secondary highways and one freeway. It has been shown that the fuzzy random evaluation method is appropriate and the modified PCI method is valid. In addition, the pavement distress survey method, pavement distress classification, and pavement distress membership function by discounting are appropriate. The measures and treatment techniques for concrete pavement local distresses are realistic and implementable.
引文
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