动目标超宽带探测信号处理技术
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摘要
超宽带探测系统的信号带宽很宽,具有高距离分辨力,在近程探测、动目标检测、地面穿透雷达和成像等方面得到广泛应用。论文以超宽带探测为线索,围绕动目标超宽带探测系统领域的一些关键技术,如超宽带波形及其调制方式、时域多普勒处理、动目标超宽带探测系统设计与分析和纳秒脉冲发生器的研制等方面展开研究工作。
首先介绍并比较分析超宽带信号的波形、调制方式和接收机信号处理方法,讨论了超宽带窄脉冲的产生方法。在此基础上设计了动目标超宽带探测系统,深入分析了该探测系统中各关键环节,重点研究由动目标引起的多普勒时移,根据多普勒时移原理设计多普勒处理单元。然后对动目标超宽带探测系统进行系统仿真,同时提取目标的距离和速度信息。最后设计实现了基于XC95144XL型CPLD芯片的伪随机码产生器和脉冲宽度为纳秒级的超宽带信号发生器。
通过以上的研究工作,证明了所设计的动目标超宽探测系统的正确性和可行性。研究结果表明该探测系统能对目标进行精确定距和测速。
Ultra-wideband (UWB) detection system has high range resolution because of its extremely broad bandwidth. Thus it has extended applications, including: proximity detection, motion sensor, ground penetrating radar and imaging, etc. Following the main clue of the UWB detection, the key techniques in moving targets UWB detection including waveforms of UWB and their modulation modes, time-domain Doppler processing, moving targets UWB detection system design and analysis, Nanosecond pulse generator develop are researched.
Firstly, the waveforms of UWB signal and their modulation modes, signal processing of receiver are introduced and compared. The method for generation of UWB narrow pulse is reviewed. On this basis, the moving target UWB detection system is designed. The key parts of this detection system are analyzed deeply. Doppler time-shift caused by moving target is studied mainly, and the Doppler processing units are designed according to the fundamental of Doppler time-shift. Secondly, the moving target UWB detection system is simulated, which the range and velocity of the target are extracted simultaneously. Lastly, the generator of three nanoseconds pulse modulated by pseudo-random codes is designed and realized based on CPLD of XC95144XL type.
According to the above research work, the validity and feasibility of the moving target UWB detection system designed are proved. It demonstrates that precise range finding and velocity measurement can be realized by the detection system designed.
首先介绍并比较分析超宽带信号的波形、调制方式和接收机信号处理方法,讨论了超宽带窄脉冲的产生方法。在此基础上设计了动目标超宽带探测系统,深入分析了该探测系统中各关键环节,重点研究由动目标引起的多普勒时移,根据多普勒时移原理设计多普勒处理单元。然后对动目标超宽带探测系统进行系统仿真,同时提取目标的距离和速度信息。最后设计实现了基于XC95144XL型CPLD芯片的伪随机码产生器和脉冲宽度为纳秒级的超宽带信号发生器。
通过以上的研究工作,证明了所设计的动目标超宽探测系统的正确性和可行性。研究结果表明该探测系统能对目标进行精确定距和测速。
Ultra-wideband (UWB) detection system has high range resolution because of its extremely broad bandwidth. Thus it has extended applications, including: proximity detection, motion sensor, ground penetrating radar and imaging, etc. Following the main clue of the UWB detection, the key techniques in moving targets UWB detection including waveforms of UWB and their modulation modes, time-domain Doppler processing, moving targets UWB detection system design and analysis, Nanosecond pulse generator develop are researched.
Firstly, the waveforms of UWB signal and their modulation modes, signal processing of receiver are introduced and compared. The method for generation of UWB narrow pulse is reviewed. On this basis, the moving target UWB detection system is designed. The key parts of this detection system are analyzed deeply. Doppler time-shift caused by moving target is studied mainly, and the Doppler processing units are designed according to the fundamental of Doppler time-shift. Secondly, the moving target UWB detection system is simulated, which the range and velocity of the target are extracted simultaneously. Lastly, the generator of three nanoseconds pulse modulated by pseudo-random codes is designed and realized based on CPLD of XC95144XL type.
According to the above research work, the validity and feasibility of the moving target UWB detection system designed are proved. It demonstrates that precise range finding and velocity measurement can be realized by the detection system designed.
引文
[1]梁步阁.UWB雷达目标探测理论与实验研究[博士论文].2007
[2]Wee Chang Khor, Hua Wang, Bialkowski.M.E, Abbosh.A, Seman. N. An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation into Capabilities of a UWB Microwave Imaging Radar System to Detect Breast Cancer. EUROCON,2007. The International Conference on "Computer as a Tool"9-12 Sept.2007 Page(s):771-776
[3]Sakamoto. T. Sato.T. Real-time Imaging of Human Bodies with UWB Radars using Walking Motion. Ultra-Wideband,2007. ICUWB 2007. IEEE International Conference on
24-26 Sept.2007 Page(s):26-30 [4] Dominik.H. Short range radar-status of UWB sensors and their applications. Radar Conference,2007. EuRAD 2007. European 10-12 Oct. 2007 Page(s):251-254
[5]袁雪林.UWB冲激雷达动目标检测及跟踪理论与关键技术研究[博士论文].2008
[6]Yarovoy.A.G Zhuge. X., Savelyev. T.G., Ligthart, L.P. Comparison of UWB technologies for human being detection with radar. Radar Conference,2007. EuRAD 2007. European 10-12 Oct.2007 Page(s):295-298
[7]Zetik.R, Sachs,J, Thoma.R.S. UWB short-range radar sensing-The architecture of a baseband, pseudo-noise UWB radar sensor. Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine, IEEE Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2007 Page(s):39-45
[8]Han.J, Nguyen. C. Development of a Tunable Multiband UWB Radar Sensor and Its Applications to Subsurface Sensing. Sensors Journal, IEEE Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan.2007 Page(s):51-58
[9]Fang Guangyou, The Research Activities of Ultrawide-band (UWB) Radar in China. Ultra-Wideband,2007. ICUWB 2007. IEEE International Conference on 24-26 Sept.2007 Page(s):43-45
[10]陈洁.超宽带雷达信号处理及成像方法研究[博士论文].2007
[11]Levitas. B, Matuzas.J, Drozdov, M. Detection and separation of several human beings behind the wall with UWB Radar. Radar Symposium,2008 International 21-23 May 2008 Page(s):1-4
[12]Bin Xia, Nan Xie. Pulse design of uwb short range radar for vehicular application Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology,2008. ICMMT 2008. International Conference on Volume 3.21-24 April 2008 Page(s):1518-1520
[13]Wee Chang Khor. Bialkowski.M.E. Investigations into an uwb microwave radar system for breast cancer detection Antennas and Propagation International Symposium,2007 IEEE 9-15 June 2007 Page(s):2160-2163
[14]Teshirogi. T, Kawamura.T, Yamamoto.A. Wideband, high-gain printed antenna for uwb automotive radar Antennas and Propagation International Symposium,2007 IEEE 9-15 June 2007 Page(s):3868-3871
[15]Sakkila. L, Elhillali. Y, Rivenq.A, Tatkeu.C, Rouvaen.J.M. Short range automotive radar based on UWB pseudo-random coding Telecommunications,2007. ITST'07.7th International Conference on ITS 6-8 June 2007 Page(s):1-6
[16]Rovnakova.J, Svecova.M, Kocur.D, Trung Thanh Nguyen, Sachs, J. Signal processing for through wall moving target tracking by M-sequence UWB radar Radioelektronika.2008 18th International Conference 24-25 April 2008 Page(s):1-4
[17]张伟军.UWB-HPM空间目标探测雷达实验系统及其相关技术研究[博士论文],2007
[18]吴建伟.超宽带近炸引信信号处理算法研究[硕士论文],2008[19] Ian Oppermann, UWB Theory and Applications. john wiley and son Ltd,2004
[20]Hendry Agus. ULTRA-WIDEBAND CHANNEL CHARACTERIZATION AND RECEIVER ANALYSIS. UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY.2005
[21]Hoi-Shun Lui, Aldhubaib, Faisal, Shuley, Nicholas V. Z. Polarization studies in the UWB radar target response using joint Time-Frequency analysis Applied Electromagnetics.2007. APACE 2007. Asia-Pacific Conference on 4-6 Dec.2007 Page(s):1-5
[22]James D, Taylor. P.E. ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR TECHNOLOGY. CRC Press
[23]葛利嘉,曾凡鑫,刘郁林,岳光荣,超宽带无线通信.北京：国防工业出版社,2005
[24]程受浩 刘华.高精度冲激引信技术.制导与引信.1999
[25]葛利嘉,朱林,袁晓芳,陈帮富,超宽带无线电基础.北京：电子工业出版社,2005
[26]王金龙,王呈贵,徐以涛.无线超宽带通信原理与应用.北京：人民邮电出版社,2005
[27]丁鹭飞,耿富录.雷达原理.西安电子科技大学出版社.2001
[28]杨逢春 王积勤 超宽带雷达测量基础国防科技大学出版社2000
[29]张贤达.现代信号处理.北京：清华大学出版社1995
[30]匡纲要 UWB雷达目标建模和信号设计.国防科学技术大学1995
[31]赵惠昌,张淑宁.电子对抗理论与方法.北京：国防工业出版社,2010
[32]黎海涛.超宽带雷达关键技术[博士论文],2000
[33]Weiss LG.wabelets and wideband correlation processing[J].IEEE Signal Processing magazine 1994,(1):13-32
[34]丁向前,王春阳,杨峰.无载波超宽带雷达时域多普勒处理.现代雷达第二期, 2002.56-59
[35]丁前军,王春阳,杨峰,戴国宪.无载波超宽带雷达时域动目标处理.航天电子对抗.2002,27-30
[36]余成波,陶红艳,杨如民。数字信号处理及MATLAB实现,北京,清华大学出版社,2008
[37]刘波,文忠,曾涯,MATLAB信号处理,北京,电子工业出版社,2006
[38]楼顺天,刘小东,李博菡 基于MATLAB7。X的系统分析与设计-信号处理,西安电子科技大学出版社,2005
[39]姚俊,马松辉simulink建模与仿真。西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[40]董长虹MATLAB信号处理与应用国防工业出版社2005
[41]徐元银 伪码调相脉冲多普勒复合探测信号处理技术研究[硕士论文],2009
[42]邓建平,伪随机脉位调制与伪码调相复合体制引信研究[博士论文],2009。
[43]徐继麟,雷达信号设计和信息提取技术-方案论证报告,电子科技大学,1996
[44]林茂庸,柯有安。雷达信号理论,北京：国防工业出版社,1984
[45]黄培根,奚惠平multisim7电子技术实验,浙江大学出版社,2005。
[46]董玉冰,multisim 9在电工电子技术中的应用,北京,清华大学出版社
[47]薛小刚 葛毅敏Xilinx ise 9.X FPGA/CPLD设计指南人民邮电出版社2007
[48]Hantscher.S, Reisenzahn.A, Diskus.C.G. Application of a Surface Reconstruction Method for Material Penetrating UWB Radar Microwave Conference,2007. APMC 2007. Asia-Pacific 11-14 Dec.2007 Page(s):1-4
[49]段吉海,黄智伟.基于CPLD/FPGA的数字通信系统建模与设计.北京：电子工业出版社,2006
[50]李云松 宋锐 雷杰 杜建超Xilinx FPGA设计基础西安电子科技大学出版社2008
[2]Wee Chang Khor, Hua Wang, Bialkowski.M.E, Abbosh.A, Seman. N. An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation into Capabilities of a UWB Microwave Imaging Radar System to Detect Breast Cancer. EUROCON,2007. The International Conference on "Computer as a Tool"9-12 Sept.2007 Page(s):771-776
[3]Sakamoto. T. Sato.T. Real-time Imaging of Human Bodies with UWB Radars using Walking Motion. Ultra-Wideband,2007. ICUWB 2007. IEEE International Conference on
24-26 Sept.2007 Page(s):26-30 [4] Dominik.H. Short range radar-status of UWB sensors and their applications. Radar Conference,2007. EuRAD 2007. European 10-12 Oct. 2007 Page(s):251-254
[5]袁雪林.UWB冲激雷达动目标检测及跟踪理论与关键技术研究[博士论文].2008
[6]Yarovoy.A.G Zhuge. X., Savelyev. T.G., Ligthart, L.P. Comparison of UWB technologies for human being detection with radar. Radar Conference,2007. EuRAD 2007. European 10-12 Oct.2007 Page(s):295-298
[7]Zetik.R, Sachs,J, Thoma.R.S. UWB short-range radar sensing-The architecture of a baseband, pseudo-noise UWB radar sensor. Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine, IEEE Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2007 Page(s):39-45
[8]Han.J, Nguyen. C. Development of a Tunable Multiband UWB Radar Sensor and Its Applications to Subsurface Sensing. Sensors Journal, IEEE Volume 7, Issue 1, Jan.2007 Page(s):51-58
[9]Fang Guangyou, The Research Activities of Ultrawide-band (UWB) Radar in China. Ultra-Wideband,2007. ICUWB 2007. IEEE International Conference on 24-26 Sept.2007 Page(s):43-45
[10]陈洁.超宽带雷达信号处理及成像方法研究[博士论文].2007
[11]Levitas. B, Matuzas.J, Drozdov, M. Detection and separation of several human beings behind the wall with UWB Radar. Radar Symposium,2008 International 21-23 May 2008 Page(s):1-4
[12]Bin Xia, Nan Xie. Pulse design of uwb short range radar for vehicular application Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology,2008. ICMMT 2008. International Conference on Volume 3.21-24 April 2008 Page(s):1518-1520
[13]Wee Chang Khor. Bialkowski.M.E. Investigations into an uwb microwave radar system for breast cancer detection Antennas and Propagation International Symposium,2007 IEEE 9-15 June 2007 Page(s):2160-2163
[14]Teshirogi. T, Kawamura.T, Yamamoto.A. Wideband, high-gain printed antenna for uwb automotive radar Antennas and Propagation International Symposium,2007 IEEE 9-15 June 2007 Page(s):3868-3871
[15]Sakkila. L, Elhillali. Y, Rivenq.A, Tatkeu.C, Rouvaen.J.M. Short range automotive radar based on UWB pseudo-random coding Telecommunications,2007. ITST'07.7th International Conference on ITS 6-8 June 2007 Page(s):1-6
[16]Rovnakova.J, Svecova.M, Kocur.D, Trung Thanh Nguyen, Sachs, J. Signal processing for through wall moving target tracking by M-sequence UWB radar Radioelektronika.2008 18th International Conference 24-25 April 2008 Page(s):1-4
[17]张伟军.UWB-HPM空间目标探测雷达实验系统及其相关技术研究[博士论文],2007
[18]吴建伟.超宽带近炸引信信号处理算法研究[硕士论文],2008[19] Ian Oppermann, UWB Theory and Applications. john wiley and son Ltd,2004
[20]Hendry Agus. ULTRA-WIDEBAND CHANNEL CHARACTERIZATION AND RECEIVER ANALYSIS. UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY.2005
[21]Hoi-Shun Lui, Aldhubaib, Faisal, Shuley, Nicholas V. Z. Polarization studies in the UWB radar target response using joint Time-Frequency analysis Applied Electromagnetics.2007. APACE 2007. Asia-Pacific Conference on 4-6 Dec.2007 Page(s):1-5
[22]James D, Taylor. P.E. ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR TECHNOLOGY. CRC Press
[23]葛利嘉,曾凡鑫,刘郁林,岳光荣,超宽带无线通信.北京：国防工业出版社,2005
[24]程受浩 刘华.高精度冲激引信技术.制导与引信.1999
[25]葛利嘉,朱林,袁晓芳,陈帮富,超宽带无线电基础.北京：电子工业出版社,2005
[26]王金龙,王呈贵,徐以涛.无线超宽带通信原理与应用.北京：人民邮电出版社,2005
[27]丁鹭飞,耿富录.雷达原理.西安电子科技大学出版社.2001
[28]杨逢春 王积勤 超宽带雷达测量基础国防科技大学出版社2000
[29]张贤达.现代信号处理.北京：清华大学出版社1995
[30]匡纲要 UWB雷达目标建模和信号设计.国防科学技术大学1995
[31]赵惠昌,张淑宁.电子对抗理论与方法.北京：国防工业出版社,2010
[32]黎海涛.超宽带雷达关键技术[博士论文],2000
[33]Weiss LG.wabelets and wideband correlation processing[J].IEEE Signal Processing magazine 1994,(1):13-32
[34]丁向前,王春阳,杨峰.无载波超宽带雷达时域多普勒处理.现代雷达第二期, 2002.56-59
[35]丁前军,王春阳,杨峰,戴国宪.无载波超宽带雷达时域动目标处理.航天电子对抗.2002,27-30
[36]余成波,陶红艳,杨如民。数字信号处理及MATLAB实现,北京,清华大学出版社,2008
[37]刘波,文忠,曾涯,MATLAB信号处理,北京,电子工业出版社,2006
[38]楼顺天,刘小东,李博菡 基于MATLAB7。X的系统分析与设计-信号处理,西安电子科技大学出版社,2005
[39]姚俊,马松辉simulink建模与仿真。西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[40]董长虹MATLAB信号处理与应用国防工业出版社2005
[41]徐元银 伪码调相脉冲多普勒复合探测信号处理技术研究[硕士论文],2009
[42]邓建平,伪随机脉位调制与伪码调相复合体制引信研究[博士论文],2009。
[43]徐继麟,雷达信号设计和信息提取技术-方案论证报告,电子科技大学,1996
[44]林茂庸,柯有安。雷达信号理论,北京：国防工业出版社,1984
[45]黄培根,奚惠平multisim7电子技术实验,浙江大学出版社,2005。
[46]董玉冰,multisim 9在电工电子技术中的应用,北京,清华大学出版社
[47]薛小刚 葛毅敏Xilinx ise 9.X FPGA/CPLD设计指南人民邮电出版社2007
[48]Hantscher.S, Reisenzahn.A, Diskus.C.G. Application of a Surface Reconstruction Method for Material Penetrating UWB Radar Microwave Conference,2007. APMC 2007. Asia-Pacific 11-14 Dec.2007 Page(s):1-4
[49]段吉海,黄智伟.基于CPLD/FPGA的数字通信系统建模与设计.北京：电子工业出版社,2006
[50]李云松 宋锐 雷杰 杜建超Xilinx FPGA设计基础西安电子科技大学出版社2008