面向企业应用的工作流精简建模研究
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摘要
工作流技术在实现企业过程重组、面向过程的应用等方面显示了强大的功能和广阔的应用前景。目前相对工作流产品的实现技术和发展速度而言,工作流建模理论的研究相对滞后,在建模方法上还没形成比较系统化的理论体系。许多建模方法还停留在实验室阶段,商品化的工作流产品只提供有限的建模支持,企业用户作为工作流管理系统真正的终端操作者,往往不具备特殊的建模技能,迫切需要一套合适的工作流建模与分析方法。针对工作流技术研究现状,结合企业应用需求,本文建立了一个包含工作流元模型、图形化工作流过程建模语言、工作流模型分析的形式化方法、组织建模、活动参与者分配等用来指导企业用户进行工作流建模的理论体系。
针对工作流模型形式化表示和分析方法的缺乏,本文首先提出了一个具有良好可扩展性的工作流元模型核心集及相应的模型变换方法,以解决工作流模型的共享和不同工作流管理系统间的互操作。其次,给出工作流建模和模型定性分析的一整套方法,包括具有良好用户交互能力的图形化建模方法,图形化模型到形式化模型的映射算法,模型模块化方法,基于行为覆盖图和基于化简的工作流过程模型合理性验证和功能证实的形式化方法等。本文随后提出了基于蚁群寻食机制的工作流模型性能仿真分析方法,为企业流程重组提供科学的依据。
组织模型的频繁变化会导致过程模型不可使用,针对这个模型集成问题,本文归纳了企业组织各层次的模型变化后,提出了一个基于知识的组织元模型和参与者定义方法,讨论了基于知识的参与者匹配策略和组织模型实体间关系的正则表达式描述方法,从而保证当各个层次的企业组织发生变化时,过程模型不需要修改就可重用。本文给出了资源需求定义的XML模式,对工作流过程模型中的复杂资源需求定义提供全面支持。
用户型任务的自动优化分配是提高工作流管理系统运行效率的关键,也是工作流管理系统的重要功能。本文在详细分析了影响用户型任务分配的各种因素及其语意模糊性后,提出了一个可组合的任务分配多级模型以及相应的任务分配方法,详细讨论了具有自适应能力的影响因素权重设计方法。实验对比证实了多级模型在各种资源配置环境下都具有非常好的综合性能。
工作流管理系统面对的用户需求差异比较大,在一个WfMS中实现所有的需求是不现实的。基于此,本文给出了一个基于CORBA的分布式工作流中间件FlexFlow的设计,并详细分析了FlexFlow中基于Petri网的引擎调度机制的实现。
The workflow technology shows strong function and broad application prospect in the field of realizing the business process reengineering and process orientation application. At present, there is still no systematic theoretical system in the aspect of the modeling measure in existence and the research on the workflow modeling theory is backward compared with achieving technology and developing speed of the workflow product. Meanwhile a lot of modeling measure is still in the process of the experiment and the merchandised workflow product only provides limited modeling support, which results in an urgent need of a set of suitable workflow modeling and analysis measure, because the enterprise users, as the real end operators of the workflow management system, are not fully equipped with the special modeling skills. Aiming at this current research situation of the workflow technology together with the requirement of the enterprise users, this paper tries to establish a set of theoretical system including workflow meta model, the graphic workflow process modeling language, the formalization method of workflow model analysis, organizational model, the assignment of the activity participants and so on to instruct the workflow modeling.Aiming at the lack of the workflow model formalization definition and analysis measure, this paper puts forward a workflow meta model core group and the corresponding model transfer measure which has a good expansibility to solve the problem of the share of the workflow model and the interoperation among different workflow management systems. Next, the paper also brings forward a set of method to workflow modeling and the model qualitative analysis, which includes the graphic modeling measure that has user-friendly interaction, the mapping arithmetic from the graphic model to formalization model, model modularization measure, and two formalization methods based on the behavioral coverability graph and the reduction to verify the soundness and prove the function of workflow process model etc. This paper also points out a simulation method of workflow model performance analysis based on the mechanism of ant colony found food to provide scientific foundation for the business process reengineering of the enterprise.Because the frequent change of the organization model will lead to the uselessness of the workflow process model, to this model integration problem, this paper puts forward an organization meta model based on the knowledge and the definition measure of the participants, and discusses the matching policy of the participants based on knowledge and the entities relationships description in organization model based on regular expression to ensure the process model need no or little modification when the enterprise organization of different levels changes. This paper also presents the XML schema of resources requirement definition, and provides the full-length support to the complicated resource requirement in the workflow process model.The automatic optimize assignment of user task is the key of improving the efficiency of the workflow management, and the important function of the workflow management system as well. After analyzing in detail all the influencing factors and their linguistic fuzzy of user task assignment, this paper puts forward a multilevel model of the task assignment that can be combined and
the corresponding task assignment measure.After then, the design method of the weight with self-adapt ability of the affect factors also are discussed in the paper. The comparison in the experiment proves that multilevel model has very good comprehensive performance under the circumstances of the different resources configure.It is unrealistic to achieve all the requirements because there are comparatively big differences among the requirements of the users faced by the workflow management system. On the basis of this, this paper points out the design of a distributed workflow middleware FlexFlow base on CORBA, and analyses in detail the realization of the engine scheduling mechanism based on the Petri net in the FlexFlow.
针对工作流模型形式化表示和分析方法的缺乏,本文首先提出了一个具有良好可扩展性的工作流元模型核心集及相应的模型变换方法,以解决工作流模型的共享和不同工作流管理系统间的互操作。其次,给出工作流建模和模型定性分析的一整套方法,包括具有良好用户交互能力的图形化建模方法,图形化模型到形式化模型的映射算法,模型模块化方法,基于行为覆盖图和基于化简的工作流过程模型合理性验证和功能证实的形式化方法等。本文随后提出了基于蚁群寻食机制的工作流模型性能仿真分析方法,为企业流程重组提供科学的依据。
组织模型的频繁变化会导致过程模型不可使用,针对这个模型集成问题,本文归纳了企业组织各层次的模型变化后,提出了一个基于知识的组织元模型和参与者定义方法,讨论了基于知识的参与者匹配策略和组织模型实体间关系的正则表达式描述方法,从而保证当各个层次的企业组织发生变化时,过程模型不需要修改就可重用。本文给出了资源需求定义的XML模式,对工作流过程模型中的复杂资源需求定义提供全面支持。
用户型任务的自动优化分配是提高工作流管理系统运行效率的关键,也是工作流管理系统的重要功能。本文在详细分析了影响用户型任务分配的各种因素及其语意模糊性后,提出了一个可组合的任务分配多级模型以及相应的任务分配方法,详细讨论了具有自适应能力的影响因素权重设计方法。实验对比证实了多级模型在各种资源配置环境下都具有非常好的综合性能。
工作流管理系统面对的用户需求差异比较大,在一个WfMS中实现所有的需求是不现实的。基于此,本文给出了一个基于CORBA的分布式工作流中间件FlexFlow的设计,并详细分析了FlexFlow中基于Petri网的引擎调度机制的实现。
The workflow technology shows strong function and broad application prospect in the field of realizing the business process reengineering and process orientation application. At present, there is still no systematic theoretical system in the aspect of the modeling measure in existence and the research on the workflow modeling theory is backward compared with achieving technology and developing speed of the workflow product. Meanwhile a lot of modeling measure is still in the process of the experiment and the merchandised workflow product only provides limited modeling support, which results in an urgent need of a set of suitable workflow modeling and analysis measure, because the enterprise users, as the real end operators of the workflow management system, are not fully equipped with the special modeling skills. Aiming at this current research situation of the workflow technology together with the requirement of the enterprise users, this paper tries to establish a set of theoretical system including workflow meta model, the graphic workflow process modeling language, the formalization method of workflow model analysis, organizational model, the assignment of the activity participants and so on to instruct the workflow modeling.Aiming at the lack of the workflow model formalization definition and analysis measure, this paper puts forward a workflow meta model core group and the corresponding model transfer measure which has a good expansibility to solve the problem of the share of the workflow model and the interoperation among different workflow management systems. Next, the paper also brings forward a set of method to workflow modeling and the model qualitative analysis, which includes the graphic modeling measure that has user-friendly interaction, the mapping arithmetic from the graphic model to formalization model, model modularization measure, and two formalization methods based on the behavioral coverability graph and the reduction to verify the soundness and prove the function of workflow process model etc. This paper also points out a simulation method of workflow model performance analysis based on the mechanism of ant colony found food to provide scientific foundation for the business process reengineering of the enterprise.Because the frequent change of the organization model will lead to the uselessness of the workflow process model, to this model integration problem, this paper puts forward an organization meta model based on the knowledge and the definition measure of the participants, and discusses the matching policy of the participants based on knowledge and the entities relationships description in organization model based on regular expression to ensure the process model need no or little modification when the enterprise organization of different levels changes. This paper also presents the XML schema of resources requirement definition, and provides the full-length support to the complicated resource requirement in the workflow process model.The automatic optimize assignment of user task is the key of improving the efficiency of the workflow management, and the important function of the workflow management system as well. After analyzing in detail all the influencing factors and their linguistic fuzzy of user task assignment, this paper puts forward a multilevel model of the task assignment that can be combined and
the corresponding task assignment measure.After then, the design method of the weight with self-adapt ability of the affect factors also are discussed in the paper. The comparison in the experiment proves that multilevel model has very good comprehensive performance under the circumstances of the different resources configure.It is unrealistic to achieve all the requirements because there are comparatively big differences among the requirements of the users faced by the workflow management system. On the basis of this, this paper points out the design of a distributed workflow middleware FlexFlow base on CORBA, and analyses in detail the realization of the engine scheduling mechanism based on the Petri net in the FlexFlow.
引文
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