某工程隔离桩施工对土体扰动研究
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摘要
随着深基坑工程的增多,隔离桩被广泛应用于深基坑围护结构中,用以隔离土压力的传递,减少基坑施工过程中对周边建筑物的影响。但在实际工程中,往往只注意到隔离桩对土体侧向压力的隔离,忽视了隔离桩施工过程中对土体的扰动,以及引起的周边建筑物沉降和后续施工影响。因此,工程施工中需要量化隔离桩施工对周边土体的扰动影响程度。
本文首先对隔离桩施工引起土体扰动的机理进行阐述,介绍当前几种桩施工引起土体扰动的预估理论和计算方法;接着,从桩入土深度和土的性质等角度探讨隔离桩施工中引起土体扰动程度的影响因素,选取武汉轨道交通二号线一期工程循礼门站和武汉轻轨为研究对象,结合经验法和圆孔扩张理论,分析隔离桩施工引起轻轨桥墩沉降的影响因素;在此基础上,对隔离桩施工引起轻轨桥墩沉降的监测数据进行分析;最后,结合监测数据,通过有限元数值计算,模拟扰动过程,并对影响因素进行敏感性分析,论证特殊情况下基坑施工设置隔离桩合理性,并根据隔离桩施工的扰动影响提出相应的解决措施,降低因隔离桩施工所带来安全风险机率,确保项目的正常运行。
本文总结了减少隔离桩施工对土体扰动的控制方法,具有较强的实用性,为隔离桩的设计和施工控制提供参考。
Following the increase of deep excavation engineering, partition piles were widely applied to the building envelope of deep foundation pit, to isolate the soil pressure and to reduce the influence of foundation pit to surrounding buildings in the process of construction. In practical projects, however, attention is only payed to segregating the lateral pressure of soil from partition piles, ignoring the influence of partition piles during construction process to the disturbance of soil which causes the displacement of surrounding buildings and the subsequent effects of constuction. Under such circumstances, project construction should be quantified the degree of disturbing influence of the partition piles to the peripheral soil in construction process.
Firstly, this thesis elaborates the mechanics of soil disturbance caused by partition piles in the process of construction, introducing several estimation theories and computational methods with regard to this problem currently. Then, the thesis explores the influencing factors of soil disturbing degree caused by partition piles in the process of construction from the angles of the depth of piles in soil and the properties of soil. Wuhan light rail and XunLiMen station of the first-stage project of the line two of Wuhan rail transpotation have been selected as research objects. With the combination of empirical method and expansion theory of cylinder pore, the influencing factors of the settlement of bridges and light rails triggered by partition piles in construction process are analyzed in full explanation. On this basis, the monitoring data of the settlement of bridges and light rails triggered by partition piles in construction process is analyzed. Lastly, the thesis set up a simulation model accordingly by combining the monitoring data as well as through the calculation of finite elements numbers. Additionally, the thesis also conducts the sensitivity analysis to influencing factors and demonstrates the rationality of setting partition piles in foundation pits in constuction process in special situations. According to the disturbance effects of partition piles in construction, a set of solutions are put forward to decrease safety and risk probability so as to ensure normal operation of the project.
The thesis has summarized the control method to reduce the degree of disturbance of soil impacted by partition piles under construction. The work I’ve done is of practicability which could offer reference to the design of partition piles and to the control of construction.
本文首先对隔离桩施工引起土体扰动的机理进行阐述,介绍当前几种桩施工引起土体扰动的预估理论和计算方法;接着,从桩入土深度和土的性质等角度探讨隔离桩施工中引起土体扰动程度的影响因素,选取武汉轨道交通二号线一期工程循礼门站和武汉轻轨为研究对象,结合经验法和圆孔扩张理论,分析隔离桩施工引起轻轨桥墩沉降的影响因素;在此基础上,对隔离桩施工引起轻轨桥墩沉降的监测数据进行分析;最后,结合监测数据,通过有限元数值计算,模拟扰动过程,并对影响因素进行敏感性分析,论证特殊情况下基坑施工设置隔离桩合理性,并根据隔离桩施工的扰动影响提出相应的解决措施,降低因隔离桩施工所带来安全风险机率,确保项目的正常运行。
本文总结了减少隔离桩施工对土体扰动的控制方法,具有较强的实用性,为隔离桩的设计和施工控制提供参考。
Following the increase of deep excavation engineering, partition piles were widely applied to the building envelope of deep foundation pit, to isolate the soil pressure and to reduce the influence of foundation pit to surrounding buildings in the process of construction. In practical projects, however, attention is only payed to segregating the lateral pressure of soil from partition piles, ignoring the influence of partition piles during construction process to the disturbance of soil which causes the displacement of surrounding buildings and the subsequent effects of constuction. Under such circumstances, project construction should be quantified the degree of disturbing influence of the partition piles to the peripheral soil in construction process.
Firstly, this thesis elaborates the mechanics of soil disturbance caused by partition piles in the process of construction, introducing several estimation theories and computational methods with regard to this problem currently. Then, the thesis explores the influencing factors of soil disturbing degree caused by partition piles in the process of construction from the angles of the depth of piles in soil and the properties of soil. Wuhan light rail and XunLiMen station of the first-stage project of the line two of Wuhan rail transpotation have been selected as research objects. With the combination of empirical method and expansion theory of cylinder pore, the influencing factors of the settlement of bridges and light rails triggered by partition piles in construction process are analyzed in full explanation. On this basis, the monitoring data of the settlement of bridges and light rails triggered by partition piles in construction process is analyzed. Lastly, the thesis set up a simulation model accordingly by combining the monitoring data as well as through the calculation of finite elements numbers. Additionally, the thesis also conducts the sensitivity analysis to influencing factors and demonstrates the rationality of setting partition piles in foundation pits in constuction process in special situations. According to the disturbance effects of partition piles in construction, a set of solutions are put forward to decrease safety and risk probability so as to ensure normal operation of the project.
The thesis has summarized the control method to reduce the degree of disturbance of soil impacted by partition piles under construction. The work I’ve done is of practicability which could offer reference to the design of partition piles and to the control of construction.
引文
[1]中国投资咨询网. 2009～2012年武汉地铁行业投资分析及前景预测报, 2009
[2]李建设,杜朋,邹志利.隔离桩工作机理及在设计中的应用.低温建筑技术, 1999, (2): 48～50
[3]翟杰群,贾坚,谢小林.隔离桩在深基坑开挖保护相邻建筑中的应用.地下空间与工程学报, 2010, (1): 162～166
[4]费纬,隔离桩在紧邻浅基础建筑的深基坑工程变形控制中的应用.岩土工程学报, 2010: 265～270
[5]项彦勇,贺少辉,张弥等.导洞隔离桩墙结构对浅埋暗挖隧道周边地层移动的限制作用.岩石力学与工程学报, 2004, (19): 3317～3323
[6]兰福东.地铁施工对邻近建筑物的影响及数值分析.山西建筑, 2008,(09): 308～309
[7] Cooke, R. W. and Price, C, Strain and displacements around friction pile, Proc., 8th Int. Conf.Soil Mechanics of Foundation Engineering, Moscow, 1973, Vo1.2.1: 53～60
[8] Orrjie, O. and Broms, B., Effects of pile driving on soil properties, J. Soil Mech. Found. Div.Am. Soc. Civ. Eng, 1967, 93(SMS): 59～73
[9] Hagerty, D. J. and Peck, R. B., Heave and lateral movements due to pile driving, J. Soil Mech.Found. Div., A.S.C.E., 1971, 97(SM11): 1513～1532
[10] Adms, J. I. and Hanna, T. H., Ground movements due to pile driving, Behavior of piles, 1971, London: Instruction of civil engineers: 127～133
[11]施鸣升.沉入粘性土中桩的挤土效应探讨.建筑结构学报, 1983, (1): 60～71
[12]胡中雄,侯学渊.上海饱和软土中打桩的挤土效应.同济大学岩土系土力学及基础工程教研室, 1987
[13]李月健.土体内球形孔扩张及挤土沉桩机理研究[博士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学, 2001
[14]蒋明镜,沈珠江.岩土类软化材料的柱形孔扩张统一解问题.岩土力学, 1996, 17(1): 1～8
[15]龚晓南,王启铜.拉压模量不同材料的圆孔扩张问题.应用力学学报, 1994, 11(4): 127～132
[16]陈文,施建勇,龚友平等.饱和粘土中静压桩沉桩机理及挤土效应研究综述.水利水电科技进展, 1999, (3): 40～43
[17]黄院雄,许清侠,胡中雄.饱和土中打桩引起桩周围土体的位移.工业建筑, 2000, 30(7): 15～19
[18]朱宁.静力压桩引起桩周土体变形的理论分析[博士学位论文].南京:河海大学, 2005
[19]罗战友.静压桩挤土效应及施工措施研究[博士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学, 2004
[20]刘艳军.液态桩身混凝土对桩周土体挤密作用的研究[硕士学位论文].南京:河海大学, 2007
[21]张庆芳.冲击钻成孔的施工方法及难点处理.山西建筑, 2007, 33(5): 96～97
[22]刘敏雄.冲击钻成孔灌注桩应用实例.浙江建筑, 2009, 26(3): 24～26
[23]邸亭乐.桥梁桩基础施工振动对周围环境的影响研究[硕士学位论文].北京:北京交通大学, 2008
[24]贺红亮.冲击载荷下岩石的损伤特性分析.爆炸与冲击, 1995, 15(3): 241～245
[25]许锡昌,徐海滨,陈善雄.桩基施工振动对环境影响的研究与对策.岩土力学, 2003, 24 (6): 957～960
[26] Vesic A S.Expansion of cavities in infinite soil mass. ASCE—JSMFD, 1972, 98(3): 265～290
[27] Butterfield R. & Banerjee P K. Application of Electro-Osmosisto Soils. Part2, Civil Engineering Research Report. No.31, department of Civil Engineering Southkampton Univ, UK. 1968: 705～709
[26] Cao L F, The C I&Chang M F. Undrained cavity expansion in modified Cam Clay I. Theoretical analysis. Geotechnique, 2001, 51(4): 323～334
[29] Randolph M F. Carter J P &Wroth C P. Driven piles in clay-the effects of installation and subsequent consolidation. Geotechnique, 1979, 29(4): 361～393
[30]王启铜,龚晓南,曾国熙.考虑土体拉、压模量不同时静压桩的沉桩过程.浙江大学学报, 1992, 26(6): 678～687
[31]周东,王业田.沉管灌注桩施工对邻近建筑物的影响预测.桂林冶金地质学院学报, 1993, 13(3): 250～257
[32] Ladanyi, Branko, Adolfo. Numerical solution of cavity expansion problem in sand based directly on experimental stress-strain curves. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1998, 4(35): 541～557
[33] Russell Adrian R, Khalili Nasser. On the problem of cavity expansion in unsaturated soils. Computational Mechanics, 2006, 4(37): 311～330
[34]吴波.复杂条件下城市地铁隧道施工地表沉降研究[博士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学, 2003
[35] Finno, R.J., and Clough, G.W.(1985). Evaluation of soil response to EPB shield tunneling. ASCE, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 111(2): 157～173
[36] Ito,T., and Histake, K.隧道掘进引起的三维地面沉陷分析.隧道译丛, 1985, 9: 46～55
[37] Griffths D V. Elasto-plastic analysis of deep foundations in cohesive soils. Int J Numberand Analytical Methods in Geomech, 1982: 211～218
[38]刘洪洲,孙钧.软土隧道盾构推进中地面沉降影响因素的数值法研究.现代隧道技术, 2001, 38(6): 24～28
[39] Banee P K, Fathallah R C. A Eulerian formulation of the frinite element method forpredicting the stress and pore pressures around a driven pile. In: Wittke ed. Proc 3rd Int Conf Number Meth Geomech Aachen. Rotterdam: Netherland Press 1979: 1053～1059
[40] Mabsout, M. E. and Tassoulas, J.L., A finite element model for title simulation of pile driving, Int. Geomech. Engng, 1994, 37: 257～278
[41] Sikora Z Gudehus G. Numerical simulation of pentration in sand based on FEM. Computers and Geomechanics, 1990, (9): 73~86
[42]鲁祖统.软粘土地基中静力压桩挤土效应的数值模拟[博士学位文论文].杭州:浙江大学, 1998
[43]徐建平,周健,许朝阳等.沉桩挤土效应的数值模拟.工业建筑, 2000, 30(7): 1～6
[44]徐欢,陈祥林,王驰.打桩对周边土体扰动效应的数值模拟.低温建筑技术, 2010, 2: 101～103
[45] Sagaseta C. and Whittle, A. J. Deformation analysis of shallow penetration in clays, Int. J. Numer. And Analytical methods in Geomech. 1997, 21: 687~719
[46]龚晓南编著.土塑性力学.杭州:浙江大学出版社, 1984, 132~136
[47]郑颖人等.岩土塑性力学基础.北京:建筑工业出版社, 1989, 28~32
[48]梁珠擎.灰土桩复合地基试验分析与挤密机理研究.西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2005, 178~183
[49]宋勇军.挤密桩挤土效应的理论分析与试验研究.西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2006, 232~239
[50]陈刚.锚杆静压桩桩周土的弹塑性分析.西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2003, 166~172
[51]包陈,王呼佳等. ANSYS工程分析进阶实例.中国水利水电出版社, 2006, 7~11
[2]李建设,杜朋,邹志利.隔离桩工作机理及在设计中的应用.低温建筑技术, 1999, (2): 48～50
[3]翟杰群,贾坚,谢小林.隔离桩在深基坑开挖保护相邻建筑中的应用.地下空间与工程学报, 2010, (1): 162～166
[4]费纬,隔离桩在紧邻浅基础建筑的深基坑工程变形控制中的应用.岩土工程学报, 2010: 265～270
[5]项彦勇,贺少辉,张弥等.导洞隔离桩墙结构对浅埋暗挖隧道周边地层移动的限制作用.岩石力学与工程学报, 2004, (19): 3317～3323
[6]兰福东.地铁施工对邻近建筑物的影响及数值分析.山西建筑, 2008,(09): 308～309
[7] Cooke, R. W. and Price, C, Strain and displacements around friction pile, Proc., 8th Int. Conf.Soil Mechanics of Foundation Engineering, Moscow, 1973, Vo1.2.1: 53～60
[8] Orrjie, O. and Broms, B., Effects of pile driving on soil properties, J. Soil Mech. Found. Div.Am. Soc. Civ. Eng, 1967, 93(SMS): 59～73
[9] Hagerty, D. J. and Peck, R. B., Heave and lateral movements due to pile driving, J. Soil Mech.Found. Div., A.S.C.E., 1971, 97(SM11): 1513～1532
[10] Adms, J. I. and Hanna, T. H., Ground movements due to pile driving, Behavior of piles, 1971, London: Instruction of civil engineers: 127～133
[11]施鸣升.沉入粘性土中桩的挤土效应探讨.建筑结构学报, 1983, (1): 60～71
[12]胡中雄,侯学渊.上海饱和软土中打桩的挤土效应.同济大学岩土系土力学及基础工程教研室, 1987
[13]李月健.土体内球形孔扩张及挤土沉桩机理研究[博士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学, 2001
[14]蒋明镜,沈珠江.岩土类软化材料的柱形孔扩张统一解问题.岩土力学, 1996, 17(1): 1～8
[15]龚晓南,王启铜.拉压模量不同材料的圆孔扩张问题.应用力学学报, 1994, 11(4): 127～132
[16]陈文,施建勇,龚友平等.饱和粘土中静压桩沉桩机理及挤土效应研究综述.水利水电科技进展, 1999, (3): 40～43
[17]黄院雄,许清侠,胡中雄.饱和土中打桩引起桩周围土体的位移.工业建筑, 2000, 30(7): 15～19
[18]朱宁.静力压桩引起桩周土体变形的理论分析[博士学位论文].南京:河海大学, 2005
[19]罗战友.静压桩挤土效应及施工措施研究[博士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学, 2004
[20]刘艳军.液态桩身混凝土对桩周土体挤密作用的研究[硕士学位论文].南京:河海大学, 2007
[21]张庆芳.冲击钻成孔的施工方法及难点处理.山西建筑, 2007, 33(5): 96～97
[22]刘敏雄.冲击钻成孔灌注桩应用实例.浙江建筑, 2009, 26(3): 24～26
[23]邸亭乐.桥梁桩基础施工振动对周围环境的影响研究[硕士学位论文].北京:北京交通大学, 2008
[24]贺红亮.冲击载荷下岩石的损伤特性分析.爆炸与冲击, 1995, 15(3): 241～245
[25]许锡昌,徐海滨,陈善雄.桩基施工振动对环境影响的研究与对策.岩土力学, 2003, 24 (6): 957～960
[26] Vesic A S.Expansion of cavities in infinite soil mass. ASCE—JSMFD, 1972, 98(3): 265～290
[27] Butterfield R. & Banerjee P K. Application of Electro-Osmosisto Soils. Part2, Civil Engineering Research Report. No.31, department of Civil Engineering Southkampton Univ, UK. 1968: 705～709
[26] Cao L F, The C I&Chang M F. Undrained cavity expansion in modified Cam Clay I. Theoretical analysis. Geotechnique, 2001, 51(4): 323～334
[29] Randolph M F. Carter J P &Wroth C P. Driven piles in clay-the effects of installation and subsequent consolidation. Geotechnique, 1979, 29(4): 361～393
[30]王启铜,龚晓南,曾国熙.考虑土体拉、压模量不同时静压桩的沉桩过程.浙江大学学报, 1992, 26(6): 678～687
[31]周东,王业田.沉管灌注桩施工对邻近建筑物的影响预测.桂林冶金地质学院学报, 1993, 13(3): 250～257
[32] Ladanyi, Branko, Adolfo. Numerical solution of cavity expansion problem in sand based directly on experimental stress-strain curves. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1998, 4(35): 541～557
[33] Russell Adrian R, Khalili Nasser. On the problem of cavity expansion in unsaturated soils. Computational Mechanics, 2006, 4(37): 311～330
[34]吴波.复杂条件下城市地铁隧道施工地表沉降研究[博士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学, 2003
[35] Finno, R.J., and Clough, G.W.(1985). Evaluation of soil response to EPB shield tunneling. ASCE, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 111(2): 157～173
[36] Ito,T., and Histake, K.隧道掘进引起的三维地面沉陷分析.隧道译丛, 1985, 9: 46～55
[37] Griffths D V. Elasto-plastic analysis of deep foundations in cohesive soils. Int J Numberand Analytical Methods in Geomech, 1982: 211～218
[38]刘洪洲,孙钧.软土隧道盾构推进中地面沉降影响因素的数值法研究.现代隧道技术, 2001, 38(6): 24～28
[39] Banee P K, Fathallah R C. A Eulerian formulation of the frinite element method forpredicting the stress and pore pressures around a driven pile. In: Wittke ed. Proc 3rd Int Conf Number Meth Geomech Aachen. Rotterdam: Netherland Press 1979: 1053～1059
[40] Mabsout, M. E. and Tassoulas, J.L., A finite element model for title simulation of pile driving, Int. Geomech. Engng, 1994, 37: 257～278
[41] Sikora Z Gudehus G. Numerical simulation of pentration in sand based on FEM. Computers and Geomechanics, 1990, (9): 73~86
[42]鲁祖统.软粘土地基中静力压桩挤土效应的数值模拟[博士学位文论文].杭州:浙江大学, 1998
[43]徐建平,周健,许朝阳等.沉桩挤土效应的数值模拟.工业建筑, 2000, 30(7): 1～6
[44]徐欢,陈祥林,王驰.打桩对周边土体扰动效应的数值模拟.低温建筑技术, 2010, 2: 101～103
[45] Sagaseta C. and Whittle, A. J. Deformation analysis of shallow penetration in clays, Int. J. Numer. And Analytical methods in Geomech. 1997, 21: 687~719
[46]龚晓南编著.土塑性力学.杭州:浙江大学出版社, 1984, 132~136
[47]郑颖人等.岩土塑性力学基础.北京:建筑工业出版社, 1989, 28~32
[48]梁珠擎.灰土桩复合地基试验分析与挤密机理研究.西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2005, 178~183
[49]宋勇军.挤密桩挤土效应的理论分析与试验研究.西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2006, 232~239
[50]陈刚.锚杆静压桩桩周土的弹塑性分析.西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2003, 166~172
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