水电工程施工进度与质量实时控制研究
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摘要
大型水电工程施工的突出特点是条件复杂、工程量大、建设周期长、施工强度高,受机械配置、施工工艺、导流度汛等诸多因素的影响,施工过程非常复杂,给水电工程的建设管理与施工实时控制带来了很大的困难。本文在研究了水电工程施工进度与质量实时控制的关键技术问题的基础上,提出了水电工程施工进度与质量实时控制系统理论与方法,并将其应用到水电工程中的大型水工建筑物的建设管理与施工控制中,开展了复杂约束条件下的混凝土坝和大型地下洞室群的施工进度与质量的实时控制研究,主要的研究工作与成果如下:
1.将控制论与大系统基本理论应用到水电工程建设管理中,分析了水电工程施工进度与质量实时控制的关键技术问题和主要控制环节,在综合考虑各种复杂约束条件下,提出了以施工条件控制为基础、以施工工艺控制为核心、以施工目标控制为标准的大型水电工程施工进度与质量实时控制的系统理论与方法,揭示了水电工程施工实时控制的机理和内在规律,为该理论方法在大型水工建筑物的施工进度与质量实时控制中的应用奠定了理论基础。
2.针对混凝土坝施工过程特点及质量控制环节的分析,提出了面向混凝土坝的施工进度与质量实时控制的原理和方法。在分析了混凝土坝施工系统内外因素影响作用机制的基础上,建立了综合考虑温度控制和浇筑能力等约束条件的混凝土坝施工进度与质量实时控制的动态数学逻辑模型,为实时控制理论在混凝土坝施工进度与质量控制中的应用奠定了理论基础。根据控制论的基本原理,建立了混凝土坝施工进度与质量实时控制的流程,研究了混凝土坝施工进度与质量实时预警模型。最后通过在实例中的应用,验证了混凝土坝施工进度与质量实时控制方法在实际应用中的可行性。
3.大型地下洞室群的开挖施工过程也是一个施工力学过程,任何施工行为都伴随着围岩应力状态的改变,针对此特点,建立了综合考虑施工工序、地质条件、施工支护的大型地下洞室群施工进度与质量的实时控制模型,为实时控制理论在大型地下洞室群施工中的应用奠定了理论基础。分析了地下洞室群施工过程力学问题与施工进度的协调性关系,重点研究了地下洞室群开挖顺序优化以及支护时机问题,提出了综合施工进度、机械设备配套、施工开挖顺序及支护效应的实时控制方法。根据地下洞室群施工特点,分析了进度与稳定分析联合实时控制的流程。最后通过大型地下洞室群施工进度与质量实时控制方法在具体工程中的应用,说明了该理论方法在实际工程中可取得较好的应用效果。
Construction of hydroelectric project, with the distinct characteristic of complex condition, large engineering quantity, long construction circle and high construction intensity, is influenced by many factors, such as machinery allocation, construction technology and construction diversion, so that construction management and real-time control for hydroelectric engineering is quite difficult. On the basis of research on the key technical problems of construction real-time control for schedule and quality in hydroelectric project, the paper presents systematic theory and methodology of real-time control for schedule and quality in hydroelectric project. Real-time control of schedule and quality for concrete dam and large scale underground caverns construction operations are presented, through instroducing real-time control theory into construction management of large hydraulic building. The main contents and achievements are as follows:
1. Through applying the control and large scale system basic theory in the construction management of hydroelectric engineering, the key technical problems and main control links of real time control for schedule and quality in hydroelectric project are analysed. With numerous complex constrains, the real-time control systematic theory and methodology of construction schedule and quality in large hydroelectric project is presented, which reveals the mechanism and inherence law for construction real time control of hydroelectric project. This theory system is composed of construction condition control, construction technics control and construction aim control, which provide theory foundation for the application of real-time control theory on the the large hydraulic structure.
2. Aiming at the characteristic of construction process and the main object of quality control for concrete dam construction, the principle and measure of construction schedule and quality real-time control for concrete dam construction is presented. On the basis of analyzing the influence action mechanism in the construction system of concrete dam, the stochastic dynamic mathematical logic model for concrete dam construction schedule and quality control is presented, which comprehensively consider many constrain conditions, such as temperature control and pouring ability. The practical construction control procedure of concrete dam construction schedule and quality is brought out based on theory of cybernetics. The scheduling and quality monitoring model is proposed. Through the application of real-time control in project example, the application feasibility of real time control measure for schedule and quality of concrete dam construction is verified.
3. The excavation process of large scale underground caverns is also a construction mechanical process. Any construction behavior may lead to the change of stress state in natural ground. Aiming at the characteristic of construction mechanics, the real-time control model of construction schedule and quality for underground caverns, considering construction procedure, geological conditions and safety support, is presentd, which provides theory foundation for the application of real-time control in large underground caverns. The paper analyzes the coordination relationship between construction schedule and mechanics problems, mainly studies excavation sequence optimization of underground powerhouse and support opportunity problems, and brings forward real-time method for underground caverns, considering construction schedule, mechanical equipment coordination, excavation procedure and supporting effect. The practical control procedure of construction schedule and quality is advanced based on the construction characteristic of large scale underground caverns. Good effect is obtaind through the application of the real-time control method for construction schedule and quality in large real underground powerhouse cavern group.
1.将控制论与大系统基本理论应用到水电工程建设管理中,分析了水电工程施工进度与质量实时控制的关键技术问题和主要控制环节,在综合考虑各种复杂约束条件下,提出了以施工条件控制为基础、以施工工艺控制为核心、以施工目标控制为标准的大型水电工程施工进度与质量实时控制的系统理论与方法,揭示了水电工程施工实时控制的机理和内在规律,为该理论方法在大型水工建筑物的施工进度与质量实时控制中的应用奠定了理论基础。
2.针对混凝土坝施工过程特点及质量控制环节的分析,提出了面向混凝土坝的施工进度与质量实时控制的原理和方法。在分析了混凝土坝施工系统内外因素影响作用机制的基础上,建立了综合考虑温度控制和浇筑能力等约束条件的混凝土坝施工进度与质量实时控制的动态数学逻辑模型,为实时控制理论在混凝土坝施工进度与质量控制中的应用奠定了理论基础。根据控制论的基本原理,建立了混凝土坝施工进度与质量实时控制的流程,研究了混凝土坝施工进度与质量实时预警模型。最后通过在实例中的应用,验证了混凝土坝施工进度与质量实时控制方法在实际应用中的可行性。
3.大型地下洞室群的开挖施工过程也是一个施工力学过程,任何施工行为都伴随着围岩应力状态的改变,针对此特点,建立了综合考虑施工工序、地质条件、施工支护的大型地下洞室群施工进度与质量的实时控制模型,为实时控制理论在大型地下洞室群施工中的应用奠定了理论基础。分析了地下洞室群施工过程力学问题与施工进度的协调性关系,重点研究了地下洞室群开挖顺序优化以及支护时机问题,提出了综合施工进度、机械设备配套、施工开挖顺序及支护效应的实时控制方法。根据地下洞室群施工特点,分析了进度与稳定分析联合实时控制的流程。最后通过大型地下洞室群施工进度与质量实时控制方法在具体工程中的应用,说明了该理论方法在实际工程中可取得较好的应用效果。
Construction of hydroelectric project, with the distinct characteristic of complex condition, large engineering quantity, long construction circle and high construction intensity, is influenced by many factors, such as machinery allocation, construction technology and construction diversion, so that construction management and real-time control for hydroelectric engineering is quite difficult. On the basis of research on the key technical problems of construction real-time control for schedule and quality in hydroelectric project, the paper presents systematic theory and methodology of real-time control for schedule and quality in hydroelectric project. Real-time control of schedule and quality for concrete dam and large scale underground caverns construction operations are presented, through instroducing real-time control theory into construction management of large hydraulic building. The main contents and achievements are as follows:
1. Through applying the control and large scale system basic theory in the construction management of hydroelectric engineering, the key technical problems and main control links of real time control for schedule and quality in hydroelectric project are analysed. With numerous complex constrains, the real-time control systematic theory and methodology of construction schedule and quality in large hydroelectric project is presented, which reveals the mechanism and inherence law for construction real time control of hydroelectric project. This theory system is composed of construction condition control, construction technics control and construction aim control, which provide theory foundation for the application of real-time control theory on the the large hydraulic structure.
2. Aiming at the characteristic of construction process and the main object of quality control for concrete dam construction, the principle and measure of construction schedule and quality real-time control for concrete dam construction is presented. On the basis of analyzing the influence action mechanism in the construction system of concrete dam, the stochastic dynamic mathematical logic model for concrete dam construction schedule and quality control is presented, which comprehensively consider many constrain conditions, such as temperature control and pouring ability. The practical construction control procedure of concrete dam construction schedule and quality is brought out based on theory of cybernetics. The scheduling and quality monitoring model is proposed. Through the application of real-time control in project example, the application feasibility of real time control measure for schedule and quality of concrete dam construction is verified.
3. The excavation process of large scale underground caverns is also a construction mechanical process. Any construction behavior may lead to the change of stress state in natural ground. Aiming at the characteristic of construction mechanics, the real-time control model of construction schedule and quality for underground caverns, considering construction procedure, geological conditions and safety support, is presentd, which provides theory foundation for the application of real-time control in large underground caverns. The paper analyzes the coordination relationship between construction schedule and mechanics problems, mainly studies excavation sequence optimization of underground powerhouse and support opportunity problems, and brings forward real-time method for underground caverns, considering construction schedule, mechanical equipment coordination, excavation procedure and supporting effect. The practical control procedure of construction schedule and quality is advanced based on the construction characteristic of large scale underground caverns. Good effect is obtaind through the application of the real-time control method for construction schedule and quality in large real underground powerhouse cavern group.
引文
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