高科技产业集群的组织生态研究
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摘要
当今,科学技术日新月异,代表先进生产力水平的高科技及其产业迅猛发展,并已经成为推动世界经济发展的主要动力,也是世界经济竞争的战略重点。高科技产业的形成与发展事实上就是高科技产业集群的形成与发展,因此高科技产业发展最基本规律就是区域产业集群规律,只有高科技产业集群有效的形成和发展,才能保证高科技产业的顺利发展。
本文从组织生态学的角度对高科技产业集群进行了系统的研究,以期为高科技产业的发展,培育高科技产业集群的竞争优势,推动区域经济发展提供理论借鉴。本文主要包括以下内容:
(1)阐述了高科技产业集群组织生态研究的理论基础。分析了高科技产业集群组织生态研究的相关理论,包括区域经济理论、产业组织理论、高科技产业化理论和组织生态学理论。
(2)探讨了高科技产业集群的生态特征和高科技产业集群组织生态系统的构成要素及其相互关系。分析了高科技产业集群的生态位,构建了高科技产业集群的组织生态链和生态网络,提出了产业集群生态链的动态发展关系。
(3)探讨了高科技产业集群的组织生态环境的基本特征、作用和构成要素,提出了高科技产业集群环境的评价模型。阐述了高科技产业集群的人文环境的生态关系和构建内容,提出了高科技产业集群的科技环境和制度环境的优化措施。
(4)剖析了高科技竞争的生态学基础和特征,探析了高科技产业集群创造竞争优势的主要途径,构建了高科技产业集群之间的竞争模型,同时建立了群内企业间竞争和合作的生态模型,以期为高科技产业集群的竞争提供参考。
(5)提出了高科技产业集群的环境适应战略,构建了高科技产业集群成长的二维模型,分析了高科技产业集群的成长途径,构建了环境约束条件下的集群增长模型。同时,分析了高科技产业集群中的企业进化及协同进化,提出了集群进化中企业协同进化的生态战略。
(6)探讨了高科技产业集群不同发展阶段的集体学习模式,分析了集群学习机制,包括动力机制、知识流动机制、知识共享机制和人才教育培训机制,并指出了学习机制构建的具体途径。同时,分析了高科技产业集群技术学习的学习效应,指出了非正式交流是高科技产业集群文化学习的主要模式。
(7)提出了基于组织生态原理的高科技产业集群发展战略的理念,包括关键种、互惠共生、系统管理、生态链、优势互补、差别发展、利益共享原则。分析了高科技产业集群发展的一般模式,借鉴典型国家及地区高科技产业集群的发展模式,提出了基于组织生态原理的高科技产业集群发展战略的对策。
(8)对武汉·中国光谷高科技产业集群进行了实证研究,提出了武汉·中国光谷高科技产业集群的进一步发展对策。
Nowadays, science and technology develop rapidly day by day. High-tech and high-tech industries which represent the advanced productivity level develop very fast, and have already become the main motive force that promotes the development of international economy. It is also the strategic key to the world economic competition. In fact , the forming and development of the high-tech industries are the forming and development of the high-tech industrial cluster; the basic law of the development of high-tech industries is also the law of regional industrial cluster. Only the effective forming and development of the high-tech industrial cluster can guarantee the smooth development of high-tech industries.
This dissertation studies systematically the high-tech industrial cluster in terms of organizational ecology. This theory has great theoretical and realistic directive significance in fostering the competition advantages of the high-tech industrial cluster, in promoting the development of high-tech industries, and in promoting the development of regional economy. The dissertation consists of the following main work:
(1) It describes the theoretical foundation of organizational ecology of the high-tech industrial cluster. This section analyzes the relevant theories of organizational ecology research of the high-tech industrial cluster, including regional economy theory, industrial organization theory, high-tech industrialization theory and organizational ecology theory.
(2) It studies the properties and the ecological characteristics of the high-tech industrial cluster, and the key elements and their interrelationships of organizational ecosystem of the high-tech industrial cluster. This section probes into the nich of the high-tech industrial cluster, constructs the ecological chain and networks of the high-tech industrial cluster. Besides, it proposes the dynamic development rules of the ecological chain of the high-tech industrial cluster.
(3) It explores the essential features, the functions and the basic forming elements of the organizational ecological environment of the high-tech industrial cluster. It proposes the appraisal model for the environment of the high-tech industries clusters. This section states the ecological relation and contents of the humanistic environment of the high-tech industrial cluster and analyzes the optimized measures of the scientific and institutional environment of the high-tech industrial cluster.
(4) It analyzes the ecological foundation and characteristics of the high-tech competition, explains the main ways of creating the competition advantages of the high-tech industrial cluster, constructs the competition model between high-tech industrial clusters, sets up the competition and cooperative ecological model among enterprises in the same group at the same time, offers reference for competition of the high-tech industrial cluster.
(5) It studies the environmental adaptation strategy of the high-tech industrial cluster, proposes the two-dimensional model of the growth of the high-tech industrial cluster, describes the growing ways of the high-tech industrial cluster, and constructs the cluster developing models under environment limitation. Meanwhile, it analyzes the enterprises evolution and coevolution in the high-tech industrial cluster, and puts forward the ecological strategy of cluster enterprises coevolution.
(6) It analyzes the collective learning model at different developing stages of the high-tech industrial cluster, studies the learning mechanism, including motive force mechanism, knowledge flowing mechanism, knowledge sharing mechanism and talents education and training mechanism. It points out its concrete way to construct. Meanwhile, it explains the effects of technological learning in the high-tech industrial cluster, and points out that the main mode of culture learning in the high-tech industrial cluster is informal communication.
(7) It puts forward the idea of the development strategy of the high-tech industrial cluster on the basis of organizational ecology principle, including key kind, mutualistic symbiosis, system management, ecological chain, complementary advantages, difference development, and benefits-sharing principle. It analyzes the development general modes of the high-tech industrial cluster, draws lessons from the development modes of some typical national and regional high-tech industrial clusters, and puts forward the measures of the development strategy of the high-tech industrial cluster on the basis of organizational ecology principle.
(8) It makes an empirical analysis on the high-tech industrial cluster in Optical Valley of China, Wuhan. Based on the analysis and research results, it proposes the further developmental measures for Optical Valley of China, Wuhan.
本文从组织生态学的角度对高科技产业集群进行了系统的研究,以期为高科技产业的发展,培育高科技产业集群的竞争优势,推动区域经济发展提供理论借鉴。本文主要包括以下内容:
(1)阐述了高科技产业集群组织生态研究的理论基础。分析了高科技产业集群组织生态研究的相关理论,包括区域经济理论、产业组织理论、高科技产业化理论和组织生态学理论。
(2)探讨了高科技产业集群的生态特征和高科技产业集群组织生态系统的构成要素及其相互关系。分析了高科技产业集群的生态位,构建了高科技产业集群的组织生态链和生态网络,提出了产业集群生态链的动态发展关系。
(3)探讨了高科技产业集群的组织生态环境的基本特征、作用和构成要素,提出了高科技产业集群环境的评价模型。阐述了高科技产业集群的人文环境的生态关系和构建内容,提出了高科技产业集群的科技环境和制度环境的优化措施。
(4)剖析了高科技竞争的生态学基础和特征,探析了高科技产业集群创造竞争优势的主要途径,构建了高科技产业集群之间的竞争模型,同时建立了群内企业间竞争和合作的生态模型,以期为高科技产业集群的竞争提供参考。
(5)提出了高科技产业集群的环境适应战略,构建了高科技产业集群成长的二维模型,分析了高科技产业集群的成长途径,构建了环境约束条件下的集群增长模型。同时,分析了高科技产业集群中的企业进化及协同进化,提出了集群进化中企业协同进化的生态战略。
(6)探讨了高科技产业集群不同发展阶段的集体学习模式,分析了集群学习机制,包括动力机制、知识流动机制、知识共享机制和人才教育培训机制,并指出了学习机制构建的具体途径。同时,分析了高科技产业集群技术学习的学习效应,指出了非正式交流是高科技产业集群文化学习的主要模式。
(7)提出了基于组织生态原理的高科技产业集群发展战略的理念,包括关键种、互惠共生、系统管理、生态链、优势互补、差别发展、利益共享原则。分析了高科技产业集群发展的一般模式,借鉴典型国家及地区高科技产业集群的发展模式,提出了基于组织生态原理的高科技产业集群发展战略的对策。
(8)对武汉·中国光谷高科技产业集群进行了实证研究,提出了武汉·中国光谷高科技产业集群的进一步发展对策。
Nowadays, science and technology develop rapidly day by day. High-tech and high-tech industries which represent the advanced productivity level develop very fast, and have already become the main motive force that promotes the development of international economy. It is also the strategic key to the world economic competition. In fact , the forming and development of the high-tech industries are the forming and development of the high-tech industrial cluster; the basic law of the development of high-tech industries is also the law of regional industrial cluster. Only the effective forming and development of the high-tech industrial cluster can guarantee the smooth development of high-tech industries.
This dissertation studies systematically the high-tech industrial cluster in terms of organizational ecology. This theory has great theoretical and realistic directive significance in fostering the competition advantages of the high-tech industrial cluster, in promoting the development of high-tech industries, and in promoting the development of regional economy. The dissertation consists of the following main work:
(1) It describes the theoretical foundation of organizational ecology of the high-tech industrial cluster. This section analyzes the relevant theories of organizational ecology research of the high-tech industrial cluster, including regional economy theory, industrial organization theory, high-tech industrialization theory and organizational ecology theory.
(2) It studies the properties and the ecological characteristics of the high-tech industrial cluster, and the key elements and their interrelationships of organizational ecosystem of the high-tech industrial cluster. This section probes into the nich of the high-tech industrial cluster, constructs the ecological chain and networks of the high-tech industrial cluster. Besides, it proposes the dynamic development rules of the ecological chain of the high-tech industrial cluster.
(3) It explores the essential features, the functions and the basic forming elements of the organizational ecological environment of the high-tech industrial cluster. It proposes the appraisal model for the environment of the high-tech industries clusters. This section states the ecological relation and contents of the humanistic environment of the high-tech industrial cluster and analyzes the optimized measures of the scientific and institutional environment of the high-tech industrial cluster.
(4) It analyzes the ecological foundation and characteristics of the high-tech competition, explains the main ways of creating the competition advantages of the high-tech industrial cluster, constructs the competition model between high-tech industrial clusters, sets up the competition and cooperative ecological model among enterprises in the same group at the same time, offers reference for competition of the high-tech industrial cluster.
(5) It studies the environmental adaptation strategy of the high-tech industrial cluster, proposes the two-dimensional model of the growth of the high-tech industrial cluster, describes the growing ways of the high-tech industrial cluster, and constructs the cluster developing models under environment limitation. Meanwhile, it analyzes the enterprises evolution and coevolution in the high-tech industrial cluster, and puts forward the ecological strategy of cluster enterprises coevolution.
(6) It analyzes the collective learning model at different developing stages of the high-tech industrial cluster, studies the learning mechanism, including motive force mechanism, knowledge flowing mechanism, knowledge sharing mechanism and talents education and training mechanism. It points out its concrete way to construct. Meanwhile, it explains the effects of technological learning in the high-tech industrial cluster, and points out that the main mode of culture learning in the high-tech industrial cluster is informal communication.
(7) It puts forward the idea of the development strategy of the high-tech industrial cluster on the basis of organizational ecology principle, including key kind, mutualistic symbiosis, system management, ecological chain, complementary advantages, difference development, and benefits-sharing principle. It analyzes the development general modes of the high-tech industrial cluster, draws lessons from the development modes of some typical national and regional high-tech industrial clusters, and puts forward the measures of the development strategy of the high-tech industrial cluster on the basis of organizational ecology principle.
(8) It makes an empirical analysis on the high-tech industrial cluster in Optical Valley of China, Wuhan. Based on the analysis and research results, it proposes the further developmental measures for Optical Valley of China, Wuhan.
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