铁路集装箱中心站货场布局方法的研究
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摘要
目前,由于我国铁路货物运量的快速增长,铁路集装箱运输也随之发展起来。然而,在铁路集装箱运量不断发展的过程中,也存在种种问题,例如铁路集装箱办理站业务量过多、集装箱货物装卸搬运时间过长,其服务质量远没有达到现代物流的要求。为了满足急剧增长的集装箱物流服务需求,很多集装箱办理站都在进行改扩建工程。因此,集装箱办理站的作业规划布局是一个很重要的问题。
本文主要结合目前铁路集装箱运输的发展概况来对铁路集装箱中心站货场布局的方法进行相关研究。本文的研究内容主要包括以下几方面：
(1)首先,通过广泛查阅大量文献,本文对关于本课题的国内外研究现状有了一个全面而概括的了解,在此基础上,明确本文的选题背景、意义,以及论文的主要研究内容。
(2)紧接着在以上理论基础上,深入分析了成都铁路集装箱运输的发展现状,对成都铁路集装箱中心站的自然状况进行了简单介绍,并根据成都以及全路的现状,介绍了成都铁路集装箱运输的发展前景。
(3)根据铁路集装箱运输的现状,对铁路集装箱中心站运量的影响因素进行了分析,接着介绍了目前常用的几种运量预测方法,重点介绍了灰色预测模型。同时,在分析成都社会经济及交通结构的基础上,收集相关数据,使用灰色模型对成都铁路集装箱中心站的集装箱运量进行预测,预测到了2020年的情况。
(4)论文对集装箱装卸设备的选择问题进行研究,并针对目前主要的集装箱装卸设备,使用层次分析法对集装箱装卸工艺进行评价,选择出合理的装卸设备。
(5)在以上的基础上,论文结合集装箱中心站的作业内容,对成都铁路集装箱中心站货场布置进行了分析,计算出装卸设备数量、货场主要箱区规模大小、到发线、装卸线等配线的长度等。
(6)使用计算机,把集装箱货场各个环节抽象成数学模型,然后随时间变化、并按一定的逻辑关系通过系统模拟的方法,计算出集装箱场各种量值的变化。使用该模型研究了装卸设备为轨道门吊的情况下,货场布局的最优方案。
At present, with the rapid growth of rail freight traffic, the development of container transportation is also extremely fast. At the same time, however, there are some problems in the process of rapid development of container transportation, such as the business of container station is too excessive and the time of handling cargo is too long, the quality of service cannot satisfy the requirements of modern logistics. In order to meet the demand of the container logistics services'rapid growth, many container terminals are carrying a lot of renovation and expanding projects. Therefore, the operation planning and the freight yard layout of the terminal becomes an extremely important issue.
Combined with the current development of railway container transportation, the paper researched the method of storage yard layout for container node station. The contents of this paper are showed as follows:
(1)Firstly, the paper had a comprehensive and general understanding on the research status of the related subjects by reading extensively a large number of literatures. Based on this, the clear background and the significance of the paper was given, at the same time, the research contents were determined.
(2)Then based on the above thesis, the paper analyzed the current status of the development of Chengdu railway container transportation and introduced the natural state of Chengdu railway container node station. According to the present status of Chengdu, the prospects of development of the Chengdu railway container transportation were introduced.
(3)According to the present situation of railway container transportation, the factors which affects the containerized traffic were analyzed, then, several forecasting methods were introduced briefly, and the gray model was introduced chiefly. At the same time, based on the analysis of economic and transport structures of Chengdu, the related data was collected, then the volume of the containerized traffic in Chengdu container node station was forecasted by using the gray model, the volume in 2020 was given too.
(4)In this paper, the problem about the selection of container loading and unloading equipments was researched, and the container loading and unloading equipments were evaluated by using AHP. Finally, the reasonable loading and unloading equipment was given.
(5)The paper analyzed the storage yard layout of Chengdu container node station by combing the operational contents, then the number of the loading and unloading equipments and the scale of the main container areas were calculated, the length of main lines was given.
(6)The mathematical model of the freight yard was established by using computer, then the change of various volume was analyzed by using the simulation method. When the loading and unloading equipment was rail container gantry crane, the optimal schedule of the freight yard layout was given by using this model.
本文主要结合目前铁路集装箱运输的发展概况来对铁路集装箱中心站货场布局的方法进行相关研究。本文的研究内容主要包括以下几方面：
(1)首先,通过广泛查阅大量文献,本文对关于本课题的国内外研究现状有了一个全面而概括的了解,在此基础上,明确本文的选题背景、意义,以及论文的主要研究内容。
(2)紧接着在以上理论基础上,深入分析了成都铁路集装箱运输的发展现状,对成都铁路集装箱中心站的自然状况进行了简单介绍,并根据成都以及全路的现状,介绍了成都铁路集装箱运输的发展前景。
(3)根据铁路集装箱运输的现状,对铁路集装箱中心站运量的影响因素进行了分析,接着介绍了目前常用的几种运量预测方法,重点介绍了灰色预测模型。同时,在分析成都社会经济及交通结构的基础上,收集相关数据,使用灰色模型对成都铁路集装箱中心站的集装箱运量进行预测,预测到了2020年的情况。
(4)论文对集装箱装卸设备的选择问题进行研究,并针对目前主要的集装箱装卸设备,使用层次分析法对集装箱装卸工艺进行评价,选择出合理的装卸设备。
(5)在以上的基础上,论文结合集装箱中心站的作业内容,对成都铁路集装箱中心站货场布置进行了分析,计算出装卸设备数量、货场主要箱区规模大小、到发线、装卸线等配线的长度等。
(6)使用计算机,把集装箱货场各个环节抽象成数学模型,然后随时间变化、并按一定的逻辑关系通过系统模拟的方法,计算出集装箱场各种量值的变化。使用该模型研究了装卸设备为轨道门吊的情况下,货场布局的最优方案。
At present, with the rapid growth of rail freight traffic, the development of container transportation is also extremely fast. At the same time, however, there are some problems in the process of rapid development of container transportation, such as the business of container station is too excessive and the time of handling cargo is too long, the quality of service cannot satisfy the requirements of modern logistics. In order to meet the demand of the container logistics services'rapid growth, many container terminals are carrying a lot of renovation and expanding projects. Therefore, the operation planning and the freight yard layout of the terminal becomes an extremely important issue.
Combined with the current development of railway container transportation, the paper researched the method of storage yard layout for container node station. The contents of this paper are showed as follows:
(1)Firstly, the paper had a comprehensive and general understanding on the research status of the related subjects by reading extensively a large number of literatures. Based on this, the clear background and the significance of the paper was given, at the same time, the research contents were determined.
(2)Then based on the above thesis, the paper analyzed the current status of the development of Chengdu railway container transportation and introduced the natural state of Chengdu railway container node station. According to the present status of Chengdu, the prospects of development of the Chengdu railway container transportation were introduced.
(3)According to the present situation of railway container transportation, the factors which affects the containerized traffic were analyzed, then, several forecasting methods were introduced briefly, and the gray model was introduced chiefly. At the same time, based on the analysis of economic and transport structures of Chengdu, the related data was collected, then the volume of the containerized traffic in Chengdu container node station was forecasted by using the gray model, the volume in 2020 was given too.
(4)In this paper, the problem about the selection of container loading and unloading equipments was researched, and the container loading and unloading equipments were evaluated by using AHP. Finally, the reasonable loading and unloading equipment was given.
(5)The paper analyzed the storage yard layout of Chengdu container node station by combing the operational contents, then the number of the loading and unloading equipments and the scale of the main container areas were calculated, the length of main lines was given.
(6)The mathematical model of the freight yard was established by using computer, then the change of various volume was analyzed by using the simulation method. When the loading and unloading equipment was rail container gantry crane, the optimal schedule of the freight yard layout was given by using this model.
引文
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[3]王利.铁路集装箱站作业流程及平面配置方案设计研究[J].交通运输过程与信息,2009(6)
[4]李福林.正线穿心式集装箱中心站设计[J].铁道运输与经济,2005(10)
[5]闫海峰.结点站间集装箱班列开行方案的优化模型及算法[J].中国铁道科学,2008(1)
[6]铁道部赴加拿大考察组.加拿大铁路集装箱运输组织及货场管理[J].世界铁路
[7]邓聚龙.灰理论基础[M],武汉：华中大学出版社,2002
[8]兰建华,严余松.集装箱中心站的规划设计[J].铁道运输与经济,2006(3)
[9]王普勇,李德芳.基于灰色系统的新亚欧大陆桥国际集装箱运量预测.上海铁道大学报,1997(3)
[10]何华武.中国铁路集装箱运输的发展[J].铁道货运,2005(10)
[11]彭恺.基于灰色预测法的铁路集装箱运量预测[J].现代物流,2009(3)
[12]刘小伟,杨磊.铁路集装箱办理站整合分析及建议[J].经济研究,2008(7)
[13]罗国雄.铁路货场管理[M].中国铁道出版社,2000
[14]索占鸿.铁路集装运输[M].中国铁道出版社,1995
[15]朱晓宁.集装箱多式联运通道规划理论与方法[M].中国铁道出版社,1984
[16]吴文英.郑州铁路集装箱结点站选址方案的确定[J].石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报,2008(6)
[17]严余松.枢纽地区集装箱运输组织研究[R].成都：西南交通大学交通运输学院,2003.
[18]周杰.未来集装箱运输市场的发展趋势及我国的应对策略[J].中国航务周刊,2002(5)
[19]陈德明.2003年国际集装箱运输市场发展环境比较分析[J].集装箱化,2003(3)
[20]刘卫华.2010年铁路现代化路网分布总体规划研究[J].中国铁道科学,1999(3)
[21]管彤贤.21世纪集装箱机械的技术进步[J].起重运输机械,2003(4)
[22]孙国正,王少梅,张艳伟.港口集装箱物流技术的发展[J].港口装卸,2003(1)
[23]王晓强,张爱玲等.基于神经网络的集装箱运量预测[J].河海大学学报,1999(4)
[24]李世华.集装箱堆场工程设计探讨[J].水运工程,1995(6)
[25]黄兴建.集装箱装卸设备的现状及发展趋势[J].起重运输机械,2000(2)
[26]程文明.铁路集装箱货场布局的计算机模拟[J].西南交通大学学报,1994(6)
[27]莫骏.铁路集装箱结点站装卸工艺及设备选型研究[J].铁道工程学报,2003(1)
[28]巴树森,雷庆秋等.浅谈铁路集装箱结点站装卸设备的选型[J].铁道货运,2003(1)
[29]周钧,余铁.上海铁路枢纽货场布局研究[J].中国铁路,2003(10)
[30]吴少林.上海杨行铁路集装箱结点站平面布置方案研究[J].铁道勘测与设计,2002(4)
[31]彭其渊,闫海峰,魏德勇.集装箱班列运输组织[J].四川科学技术出版社,2005
[32]刘鼎铭.集装箱化与现代物流[J].东华大学出版社,2003
[33]汪鸣.交通运输与现代物流[J].物流技术与应用,2000(2)
[34]铁道部统计中心编.2009年全国铁路统计资料汇编[S].2009
[35]成都市交通委员会.成都铁路发展总体构想研究[S].铁道第二勘察设计院,2006(10)
[36]房新智.铁路集装箱中心站规划与建设[J].集装箱化,2008(3)
[37]邓友,张钊.铁路集装箱结点站建设的设想[J].交通科技与经济,2007(1)
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